Inter-observer Reproducibility in the Pathologic Diagnosis of Gastric Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Early Carcinoma in Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Specimens: A Multi-center Study.

Purpose: The diagnostic criteria of gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN) are controversial across the world. We investigated how many discrepancies occur in the pathologic diagnosis of IEN and early gastric carcinoma in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) specimens, and evaluated the reasons of the discordance.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1,202 ESD specimens that were originally diagnosed as gastric IEN and early carcinoma at 12 institutions.

The prevalence of histologic atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in the corpus has decreased over 15 years in females in the Korean population.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the trends of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia (IM) in 2002 subjects without significant gastroduodenal diseases.

Materials And Methods: A total of 2002 subjects were prospectively enrolled and divided into three periods (2003-2007, 2008-2012, and 2013-2018). Trends of H pylori and atrophy/IM scored by Updated Sydney System were analyzed according to sex, and multivariate logistic analysis was performed for the risk factors for atrophy/IM.

Endoscopic Endonasal Transpituitary Gland Approach for Resection of Dorsum Sellae Meningioma - Technical Case Report.

Background And Importance: Access to a dorsum sellae meningioma is difficult. A transcranial approach, such as a pterional, subtemporal, or transpetrosal method, often requires significant brain retraction and crossing of cranial nerves to access this region. We present here a successful purely endoscopic endonasal transpituitary gland approach for resection of a growing dorsum sellae meningioma.

Development of colorectal cancer predicts increased risk of subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with alcoholic liver disease: case-control and cohort study.

Alcohol increases the risk of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal neoplasia. In this hospital-based case-control and retrospective cohort study, we sought to determine whether development of colorectal neoplasia increases the risk of HCC in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). In the phase I case-control analysis, the association between history of colorectal cancer (CRC) and HCC development was assessed in patients with ALD by logistic regression modeling (n = 1,659).

Adult height in relation to risk of cancer in a cohort of 22,809,722 Korean adults.

Background: The present study examined whether adult height was associated with all site-combined or site-specific cancers.

Methods: We used a nationwide claim data of 22,809,722 Korean participants including both men and women (2009-2012). The deciles of height from different age and sex groups were merged into a new quintile.

Identification of different gene expressions between diffuse- and intestinal-type spheroid-forming gastric cancer cells.

Background: Three-dimensional in vitro spheroid models are unique because they are considered for enrichment of specific cell populations with self-renewal ability. In this study, we explored the different mechanisms of gastric cancer spheroid-forming cells according to the Lauren classification.

Methods: We isolated and enriched cells with self-renewal ability using spheroid-forming methods from gastric cancer cell lines.

Validation of Administrative Big Database for Colorectal Cancer Searched by International Classification of Disease 10th Codes in Korean: A Retrospective Big-cohort Study.

Background: As the number of big-cohort studies increases, validation becomes increasingly more important. We aimed to validate administrative database categorized as colorectal cancer (CRC) by the International Classification of Disease (ICD) 10th code.

Methods: Big-cohort was collected from Clinical Data Warehouse using ICD 10th codes from May 1, 2003 to November 30, 2016 at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital.

Trends in emergency department visits and hospitalization rates for inflammatory bowel disease in the era of biologics.

Background: The use of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased recently. However, studies on whether the proportion of IBD patient visits to the emergency department (ED) has decreased are scarce. We investigated the trends in IBD-related ED visits and hospitalization rates.

Proteogenomic Characterization of Human Early-Onset Gastric Cancer.

We report proteogenomic analysis of diffuse gastric cancers (GCs) in young populations. Phosphoproteome data elucidated signaling pathways associated with somatic mutations based on mutation-phosphorylation correlations. Moreover, correlations between mRNA and protein abundances provided potential oncogenes and tumor suppressors associated with patient survival.

A Single-Center Experience of Endoscopic Resection for Early Gastric Cancer with Lymphoid Stroma.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate immediate outcomes and clinical courses of patients with early gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (GCLS) who underwent endoscopic resection.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 40 patients (mean age, 56.9 years; 90.

MicroRNA-21 induces loss of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in early gastric tubular adenocarcinoma.

15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), the rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin E2 degradation, is decreased in gastric cancers and microRNA (miR)-21 is one of the regulators. We investigated the expression and regulation of 15-PGDH in eary gastric carcinogenesis utilizing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and gastric cancer cell lines. Expression of 15-PGDH and cyclooxygenase-2 as well as the promoter methylation of 15-PGDH were evaluted.

The effect of vitamin D administration on inflammatory markers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background/aims: The exact relationship between vitamin D deficiency and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of vitamin D3 administration on inflammatory responses and disease severity in patients with IBD.

Methods: We investigated the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25-(OH)D] and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the partial Mayo score (PMS) in patients with IBD.

Association of visceral adiposity and insulin resistance with colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer.

Background/aims: To examine whether visceral adiposity serves as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal adenomas.

Methods: Two hundred healthy subjects, 200 patients with colorectal adenoma, and 151 patients with CRC (46 with early-stage and 105 with advanced-stage cancers) were enrolled at a tertiary referral hospital. All subjects underwent colonoscopy, and had laboratory data, and computed tomography (CT) scan available for abdominal fat measurement.

Loss of HER2 positivity after anti-HER2 chemotherapy in HER2-positive gastric cancer patients: results of the GASTric cancer HER2 reassessment study 3 (GASTHER3).

Background: Although discordance in HER2 positivity between primary and metastatic lesions is well established, changes in HER2 positivity after anti-HER2 therapy have not been well evaluated in gastric cancer. We aimed to evaluate whether HER2 expression in gastric cancer is affected by trastuzumab therapy.

Methods: We enrolled 48 HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer patients treated with trastuzumab-containing first-line chemotherapy and had paired biopsies at baseline and after progression.

RhoGAP domain-containing fusions and PPAPDC1A fusions are recurrent and prognostic in diffuse gastric cancer.

We conducted an RNA sequencing study to identify novel gene fusions in 80 discovery dataset tumors collected from young patients with diffuse gastric cancer (DGC). Twenty-five in-frame fusions are associated with DGC, three of which (CLDN18-ARHGAP26, CTNND1-ARHGAP26, and ANXA2-MYO9A) are recurrent in 384 DGCs based on RT-PCR. All three fusions contain a RhoGAP domain in their 3' partner genes.

Usefulness of OLGA and OLGIM system not only for intestinal type but also for diffuse type of gastric cancer, and no interaction among the gastric cancer risk factors.

Background: The operative link on gastric atrophy (OLGA) and operative link on gastric intestinal metaplasia (OLGIM) stages have been suggested for risk estimation of gastric cancer (GC). However, usefulness of OLGA/OLGIM systems in diffuse type of GC was not investigated so far. The aims of this study were to evaluate the OLGA/OLGIM systems in estimating the GC risk according to Lauren's classification and to investigate the interaction among the risk factors.

Clinical features and outcomes in spontaneous intramural small bowel hematoma: Cohort study and literature review.

Background/aims: Spontaneous intramural small bowel hematoma (SISBH) is an extremely rare complication of anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. We assessed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with SISBH according to the anatomical location of the hematoma.

Methods: From January 2003 to February 2016, medical records for all patients hospitalized for SISBH at 2 tertiary referral hospitals were retrospectively reviewed.

Isolation of spheroid-forming single cells from gastric cancer cell lines: enrichment of cancer stem-like cells.

Isolation of spheroid-forming cells is important to investigate cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics. However, conventional tumor spheroid culture methods have not proven suitable because the aggregated spheroids generally maintain their original heterogeneity and harbor multiple cells with various characteristics. Here we cultured spheroids using a polydimethylsiloxane microwell-based method and a limiting dilution protocol.

Favorable outcomes of prepackaged low-residue diet on bowel preparation for colonoscopy: Endoscopist-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aim: 2 L polyethylene glycol plus an ascorbic acid (PEGA) is known to be as effective. However, 2 L polyethylene glycol-based regimens are often still difficult for patients to tolerate. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate the potential of 1 L PEGA with prepackaged low-residue diet (PLD) as an alternative to 2 L PEGA before colonoscopy.

Clinical Response of Rifaximin Treatment in Patients with Abdominal Bloating.

Background/aims: Abdominal bloating is a troublesome complaint due to insufficient understanding of the pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rifaximin in reducing bloating associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs).

Methods: A total of 63 patients were treated with rifaximin for FGIDs with bloating or gas-related symptoms between 2007 and 2013 at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital.

Secondary Breast, Ovarian, and Uterine Cancers After Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea.

Background: The risk of a second primary cancer has increased along with the increasing life expectancies of colorectal cancer survivors.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the incidence rate and risk factors of breast and gynecological (ovarian, uterine cervix/corpus) cancers among female colorectal cancer survivors.

Design: This is a retrospective population-based cohort study.

Is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with the development of prostate cancer? A nationwide study with 10,516,985 Korean men.

Background: Growing evidence supports that prostate cancer (PCa) is a metabolic syndrome-related cancer, but the evidence is lacking regarding the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and PCa. We aimed to investigate whether PCa is related with NAFLD in Korean adults.

Methods: Data from the National Health Insurance Corporation between 2009 and 2012 were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression method.

Novel Human NK Cell Line Carrying CAR Targeting EGFRvIII Induces Antitumor Effects in Glioblastoma Cells.

Background/aim: Natural killer (NK) cells are considered potential antitumor effector cells. The aim of this study was to establish a novel type of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) NK cell line (CAR-KHYG-1) specific for epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII)-expressing tumors and investigate the anti-tumor activity of EGFRvIII-specific-CAR-KHYG-1 (EvCAR-KHYG-1).

Materials And Methods: EvCAR-KHYG-1 was established by self-inactivated lentiviral-based transduction of the EvCAR gene and magnetic bead-based purification of EvCAR-expressing NK cells.

Author Correction: Estrogen-related receptor gamma functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer.

The original version of this Article contained errors in Figs. 4, 5, and 6. In Fig.