Secretory IgA dysfunction underlies poor prognosis in -infected colorectal cancer.

(Fn) is commonly enriched in colorectal cancer (CRC) and associated with poor outcomes, though its mechanisms remain unclear. Our study investigated how Fn affects the tumor microenvironment through single-cell transcriptomic analyses of 42 CRC patient tissues, comparing Fn-positive and Fn-negative tumors. We discovered that Fn impairs IgA plasma cell development and secretory IgA (sIgA) production by disrupting communication with tumor-associated macrophages.

Number of Lymph Nodes Examined as a Prognosis Factor in Patients With Stage II or III Colon Cancer.

Background: Lymph node (LN) examination is important for staging colorectal cancer. Examining < 12 LN has been associated with a poor prognosis. However, surgical and pathological advances have led to increase examined LN, necessitating the reassessment of the best cutoff for prognosis.

The COVID-19 pandemic and clinical characteristics of colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

The spread of COVID-19 has led to numerous hospitals prioritizing case management and to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Consequently, many cancer patients have developed life-threatening complications during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer (CRC), including its clinical and pathologic characteristics.

Survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk patients with colon cancer regardless of microsatellite instability.

Introduction: The predictive utility of high-risk features (HRFs) and microsatellite instability (MSI) status for adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in patients with stage II colon cancer remains unclear. We examined the impact of HRFs and MSI in predicting the benefits of adjuvant ACT in patients with stage II colon cancer.

Materials And Methods: We included 1801 patients with resected stage II colon cancer who underwent ACT (5-fluorouracil [FU] and oxaliplatin) or surgery alone between January 2010 and December 2017.

Robotic surgery may lead to reduced postoperative inflammatory stress in colon cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Purpose: Robot-assisted surgery is readily applied to every type of colorectal surgeries. However, studies showing the safety and feasibility of robotic surgery (RS) have dealt with rectal cancer more than colon cancer. This study aimed to investigate how technical advantages of RS can translate into actual clinical outcomes that represent postoperative systemic response.

Unique structural configuration of EV-DNA primes Kupffer cell-mediated antitumor immunity to prevent metastatic progression.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) transport biomolecules that mediate intercellular communication. We previously showed that EVs contain DNA (EV-DNA) representing the entire genome. However, the mechanism of genomic EV-DNA packaging and its role in cancer remain elusive.

Risk Factors of Reoperation in Patients with Intestinal Behçet's Disease Treated by Initial Bowel Resection.

: Intestinal Behçet's disease (iBD) often requires surgical intervention, with a significant proportion of patients needing reoperation. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with reoperation in patients with iBD who underwent initial bowel resection and to evaluate the perioperative and long-term outcomes in these patients. : This was a retrospective case-control study analyzing patients who underwent their initial bowel resection due to iBD between 2005-2021 at a tertiary referral hospital.

Genome-wide methylation profiling reveals extracellular vesicle DNA as an ex vivo surrogate of cancer cell-derived DNA.

Extracellular vesicle-derived DNA (evDNA) encapsulates the complete genome and mutational status of cells; however, whether cancer cell-derived evDNA mirrors the epigenetic features of parental genomic DNA remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess and compare the DNA methylation patterns of evDNA from cancer cell lines and primary cancer tissues with those of the nuclear genomic DNA. We isolated evDNA secreted by two cancer cell lines (HCT116 and MDA-MB-231) from various subcellular compartments, including the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Minimally Invasive Surgery: Is It a Risk Factor for Postoperative Peritoneal Metastasis in pT4 Colon Cancer?

Background: Performing laparoscopic surgery for T4 colon cancer remains controversial because of concerns about whether its oncologic outcomes are comparable to those of open surgery, and postoperative peritoneal metastasis (PM) has been reported to occur more frequently in laparoscopic colectomy for T4 colon cancer. We investigated whether minimally invasive surgery (MIS) demonstrated a higher PM rate than open surgery and analyzed the risk factors for PM in pT4 colon cancer.

Methods: This study included 392 patients with pT4 colon cancer who underwent curative surgery at a referral hospital between January 2000 and December 2018.

Clinical Significance of Prognostic Nutrition Index in Patients with Crohn's Disease after Primary Bowel Resection.

Purpose: Although advancements in medical treatments have been made, approximately half of patients with intestinal Crohn's disease (CD) require intestinal resections during their lifetime. It is well-known that the nutritional status of CD patients can impact postoperative morbidity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with intestinal CD who underwent primary bowel resection.

Site-specific mutagenesis screening in KRAS mutant library to uncover resistance mechanisms to KRAS inhibitors.

KRAS plays a crucial role in regulating cell survival and proliferation and is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenes in human cancers. The novel KRAS inhibitor, MRTX1133, demonstrates promising antitumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo. However, the development of acquired resistance in treated patients presents a considerable challenge to sustained therapeutic effectiveness.

Surgical quality assessment for the prospective study of oncologic outcomes after laparoscopic modified complete mesocolic excision for nonmetastatic right colon cancer (PIONEER study).

Background: The modified complete mesocolic excision (mCME) procedure for right-sided colon cancer is a tailored approach based on the original complete mesocolic excision (CME) methodology. Limited studies evaluated the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic mCME using objective surgical quality assessments in patients with right colon cancer. The objectives of the PIONEER study were to evaluate oncologic outcomes after laparoscopic mCME and to identify optimal clinically relevant endpoints and values for standardizing laparoscopic right colon cancer surgery based on short-term outcomes of procedures performed by expert laparoscopic surgeons.

Clinical Activity of TGF-β Inhibitor Vactosertib in Combination with Imatinib in Desmoid Tumors: A Multicenter Phase Ib/II Study.

Purpose: The study was to determine the activity and safety of the TGF-β inhibitor vactosertib in combination with imatinib in patients with desmoid tumors.

Patients And Methods: In this investigator-initiated, open-label, multicenter, phase Ib/II trial, patients with desmoid tumors not amenable to locoregional therapies (surgery and/or radiotherapy) or with disease progression following at least one treatment were enrolled. Participants were administered 400 mg imatinib daily in combination with vactosertib (5 days on and 2 days off, twice a day) every 28 days.

Development of a deep learning based image processing tool for enhanced organoid analysis.

Contrary to 2D cells, 3D organoid structures are composed of diverse cell types and exhibit morphologies of various sizes. Although researchers frequently monitor morphological changes, analyzing every structure with the naked eye is difficult. Given that deep learning (DL) has been used for 2D cell image segmentation, a trained DL model may assist researchers in organoid image recognition and analysis.

A giant, rapidly growing intra‑abdominal desmoid tumor of mesenteric origin in an adolescent male: A case report and literature review.

A desmoid tumor is a fibroblastic proliferation of mesenchymal origin, which has no metastasizing potential but is locally aggressive. Although treatment has shifted to observation and active surveillance for newly diagnosed patients with desmoid tumors, intra-abdominal mesenteric tumors or tumors that persistently grow and provoke symptoms may need prompt surgical treatment. There have only been a small number of case reports that illustrate large sporadic intra-abdominal mesentery-deriving desmoid tumors in which the longest diameter was ≥19 cm.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus upfront surgery as the initial treatment for patients with resectable, synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastases.

Background: Although perioperative chemotherapy has been the standard treatment for colorectal cancer with resectable liver metastases (CRLM), studies that have compared neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and upfront surgery, especially in the setting of synchronous metastases are rare.

Methods: We compared perioperative outcomes, overall survival (OS) and overall survival after recurrence (rOS) in a retrospective study of 281 total and 104 propensity score-matched (PSM) patients who underwent curative resection, with or without NAC, for synchronous CRLM, from 2006 to 2017. A Cox regression model was developed for OS.

Effect of High-Versus Low-Frequency of Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography Follow-Up Testing on Overall Survival in Patients With Stage II Or III Colon Cancer.

Background: Intensive surveillance of colon cancer by using the abdominopelvic computed tomography (AP-CT) is common in real world practice; however, it is still unclear whether high-frequency surveillance using AP-CT in patients with these risk factors is superior to that in the low-frequency surveillance.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1803 patients with stage II-III colon cancer receiving curative surgery between January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2015. We evaluated the average scan-to-scan intervals of postoperative AP-CT testing and assigned patients with an interval of 5 to 8 and 9 to 13 months to the high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) groups, respectively.

Detection of circulating mutant DNA in extracellular vesicles using droplet digital PCR in patients with colon cancer.

Background: Extracellular vesicles secreted by tumor cells contain double-stranded DNA called extracellular vesicle DNA (evDNA). EvDNA is genomic DNA that reflects cancer driver mutations. However, the significance of evDNA analysis in the diagnosis and surveillance of colon cancer remains unclear.

Therapeutic Implications of TGF-β Pathway in Desmoid Tumor Based on Comprehensive Molecular Profiling and Clinicopathological Properties.

(1) Background: Desmoid tumors have a relatively high local failure rate after primary treatment using surgery and/or radiotherapy. Moreover, desmoid tumors recur at the primary site for many patients. An effective therapeutic strategy for the desmoid tumor is needed to maintain quality of life and prolong survival.

Difference in medical service use among Korean gastric cancer survivors according to regional healthcare vulnerabilities: a cohort study.

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between medical service use and healthcare vulnerability, pre- and post-gastric cancer diagnosis. Differences between healthcare-vulnerable and healthcare-nonvulnerable regions identified inequities that require intervention.

Methods: This cohort study was done using the National Health Insurance claims data of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer between 2004 and 2013.