Technical success, clinical efficacy, and safety of endoscopic minor papilla interventions for symptomatic pancreatic diseases.

Background: Endoscopic minor papilla intervention (EMPI) is an option for diagnosing or treating symptomatic pancreatic diseases in cases with failed pancreatic duct deep cannulation the major papilla, pancreas divisum with obstruction of the minor papilla, or an abnormal patulous orifice of the minor papilla during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, the relatively low patency and small opening of the minor papillae pose technical challenges.

Aim: To evaluate the technical success, clinical success, stone clearance, and safety profile of EMPI for diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic pancreatic diseases.

Covalent versus noncovalent attachments of [FeFe]‑hydrogenase models onto carbon nanotubes for aqueous hydrogen evolution reaction.

In an effort to develop the biomimetic chemistry of [FeFe]‑hydrogenases for catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in aqueous environment, we herein report the integrations of diiron dithiolate complexes into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through three different strategies and compare the electrochemical HER performances of the as-resulted 2Fe2S/CNT hybrids in neutral aqueous medium. That is, three new diiron dithiolate complexes [{(μ-SCH)N(CHCHC(O)R)}Fe(CO)] (R = N-oxylphthalimide (1), NHCHpyrene (2), and NHCHPh (3)) were prepared and could be further grafted covalently to CNTs via an amide bond (this 2Fe2S/CNT hybrid is labeled as H1) as well as immobilized noncovalently to CNTs via π-π stacking interaction (H2) or via simple physisorption (H3). Meanwhile, the molecular structures of 1-3 are determined by elemental analysis and spectroscopic as well as crystallographic techniques, whereas the structures and morphologies of H1-H3 are characterized by various spectroscopies and scanning electronic microscopy.

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy-assisted biliary polypectomy for local palliative treatment of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct.

Background: Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is a premalignant biliary-type epithelial neoplasm with intraductal papillary or villous growth. Currently reported local palliative therapeutic modalities, including endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, stenting and biliary curettage, endoscopic biliary polypectomy, percutaneous biliary drainage, laser ablation, argon plasma coagulation, photodynamic therapy, and radiofrequency ablation to relieve mechanical obstruction are limited with weaknesses and disadvantages. We have applied percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS)-assisted biliary polypectomy (PTCS-BP) technique for the management of IPNB including mucin-hypersecreting cast-like and polypoid type tumors since 2010.

Co-occurrence of IPMN and malignant IPNB complicated by a pancreatobiliary fistula: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is pathologically similar to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). However, there are several significant differences between them. The rate of IPMN associated with extrapancreatic malignancies has been reported to range from 10%-40%, and it may occasionally be complicated with the presence of fistulas.