Comparative Gastrointestinal Digestion Dynamics of Air-Dried and Freeze-Dried Yak Jerky: Insights from a Dynamic Human Stomach-Intestine (DHSI-IV) System.

Yak meat jerky, a traditional high-protein food commonly consumed in high-altitude regions, is often produced via air-drying, which may adversely affect its nutritional quality and digestibility. This study systematically compared the gastrointestinal digestion profiles of air-dried yak meat (ADM) and vacuum freeze-dried yak meat (VFDM) using a dynamic human stomach-intestine (DHSI-IV) system. Key digestive parameters, including gastric emptying kinetics, particle size distribution, and protein hydrolysis, were evaluated under physiologically relevant conditions.

Tetraspanin 4 Mediates Cholesterol-Dependent Exosome Membrane Protection from Cryodamage.

Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles carrying proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, hold great potential in therapeutic applications. Cryopreservation, a widely used method for their preservation and transport, often causes irreversible damage. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying biomembrane resistance to cryodamage is crucial for advancing cryopreservation techniques.

Rab10-CAV1 mediated intraluminal vesicle transport to migrasomes.

Migrasomes, vesicular organelles generated on the retraction fibers of migrating cells, play a crucial role in migracytosis, mediating intercellular communication. The cargoes determine the functional specificity of migrasomes. Migrasomes harbor numerous intraluminal vesicles, a pivotal component of their cargoes.

Phytochemical activators of Nrf2: a review of therapeutic strategies in diabetes.

Insulin resistance (IR) is fundamental to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and altered mitochondrial function and abnormal lipid distribution are closely associated with IR or T2D. Excess oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial damage leads to an imbalance in redox homeostasis, which is considered the major contributor to the progression of diabetes. A key cellular defense mechanism, namely, the nuclear factor-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway, plays an essential protective role in combating excess oxidative stress.

Crocetin Exerts Its Anti-inflammatory Property in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells Potentially via Modulation on the Crosstalk between MEK1/JNK/NF-B/iNOS Pathway and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.

Crocetin is a main bioactive component with a carotenoid skeleton in , a typical traditional Chinese medicine with a long history in Southeast Asia. Crocetin is being commonly consumed as spices, dyes, and food colorants. Recent pharmacological studies had implied that crocetin may possess potent anti-inflammatory properties; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully elucidated.

Gene Expression Profiling and Biofunction Analysis of HepG2 Cells Targeted by Crocetin.

Crocetin is a carotenoid extracted from , one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines, which has been used in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. The present study is aimed at clarifying the effect of crocetin on gene expression profiling of HepG2 cells by RNA-sequence assay and further investigating the molecular mechanism underlying the multiple biofunctions of crocetin based on bioinformatics analysis and molecular evidence. Among a total 23K differential genes identified, crocetin treatment upregulated the signals of 491 genes (2.

Characterization of NvLWamide-like neurons reveals stereotypy in Nematostella nerve net development.

The organization of cnidarian nerve nets is traditionally described as diffuse with randomly arranged neurites that show minimal reproducibility between animals. However, most observations of nerve nets are conducted using cross-reactive antibodies that broadly label neurons, which potentially masks stereotyped patterns produced by individual neuronal subtypes. Additionally, many cnidarians species have overt structures such as a nerve ring, suggesting higher levels of organization and stereotypy exist, but mechanisms that generated that stereotypy are unknown.