Risk prediction models for short-term mortality in ICU stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aims to systematically review and evaluate risk prediction models for short-term mortality in ICU stroke patients, thereby providing scientific evidence to inform future model development and clinical application.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science for studies on prediction models for short-term mortality in ICU stroke patients, covering the period from January 2005 to January 2025. Data extracted included study characteristics and detailed information on the prediction models.

Sustainable Imine Production Using Alkanes as Substrates via a Plasma-Microdroplet Approach.

The direct functionalization of alkanes remains a formidable challenge in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we present an integrated plasma-microdroplet approach for the efficient conversion of alkanes into imines under mild conditions. By employing plasma discharge in a nitrogen atmosphere, inert C-H bonds are selectively activated, generating abundant N-insertion intermediates.

Effects of Different Types of Medications on Olfactory Dysfunction in CRSwNP: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of various pharmacological treatments for olfactory disorders in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.

Methods: We searched the related literature in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to Aug 2024 to appraise the effects of pharmacotherapy on olfactory sensation.

Preparation of diacylglycerol by lipase-catalyzed glycerolysis in the presence of polar adsorption materials.

Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a functional oil used extensively in various industries. Glycerolysis of a natural oil with glycerol was widely employed for DAG preparation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that glycerol in the reaction affects lipase performance.

A systematic review on the acyl migration in enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids: Mechanisms, influencing factors, evaluation methods, and future prospects.

Structured lipids (SLs) are modified triacylglycerols with specific physicochemical or nutritional properties. Acyl migration is a universal chemical phenomenon observed during interesterification, a critical process in the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of SLs. Acyl migration causes shifts in the positional composition of lipids that bring changes in function.

Impact of solvent and water activity on lipase selectivity and acyl migration of ARA-rich 2-monoacylglycerols in catalytic systems: Kinetic study by particle swarm optimization.

The 2-arachidonoylglycerol enzymatic alcoholysis reaction model was established and kinetic parameters were calculated to explore the effects of solvent and water activity (a) on the lipase positional selectivity and 2-monoacylglycerol acyl migration. Six rate constants (k-k) with the lowest mean square error were obtained using the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the calculated molar concentration-time curves were well-fitted to the actual curves. As an indicator to characterize the positional selectivity of lipase, k/k was significantly associated with log P of solvent, which first increased and then decreased with the increase of a.

Enrichment of EPA and DHA in glycerides by selective enzymatic ethanolysis.

It has been reported that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in glycerides have various biological functions. This study presents an effective method for enriching glycerides rich in EPA and DHA through lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis. The results showed that Eversa® Transform 2.

Osteoclasts control endochondral ossification via regulating acetyl-CoA availability.

Osteoclast is critical in skeletal development and fracture healing, yet the impact and underlying mechanisms of their metabolic state on these processes remain unclear. Here, by using osteoclast-specific small GTPase Rheb1-knockout mice, we reveal that mitochondrial respiration, rather than glycolysis, is essential for cathepsin K (CTSK) production in osteoclasts and is regulated by Rheb1 in a mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-independent manner. Mechanistically, we find that Rheb1 coordinates with mitochondrial acetyl-CoA generation to fuel CTSK, and acetyl-CoA availability in osteoclasts is the central to elevating CTSK.

Macrophages in CRSwNP: Do they deserve more attention?

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) represents a heterogeneous disorder primarily characterized by the persistent inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The subtype known as chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is distinguished by a significantly elevated recurrence rate and augmented challenges in the management of nasal polyps. The pathogenesis underlying this subtype remains incompletely understood.

Preparation of functional oils rich in phytosterol esters and diacylglycerols by enzymatic transesterification.

Phytosterol esters (PEs) and diacylglycerols (DAGs) have various health benefits in humans. In this study, PEs and DAGs were synthesized by lipase-catalyzed transesterification between a natural oil and phytosterols. First, commercial lipases were screened for transesterification and were further verified using multiple-ligand molecular docking.

Prevalence and predictors of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammation of the sinuses. As a result of long-term discomfort, patients may experience symptoms of common mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. This may affect the quality of life and disease progression.

Decoding chronic rhinosinusitis: A metabolomics-based approach.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common and intractable disease in otorhinolaryngology, laying a heavy burden on healthcare systems. The worldwide researchers are making efforts to find solutions to this disease. Metabolomics has recently gained more and more traction, and might become a promising tool to unravel the complexity of CRS.

Prevalence and influencing factors of sleep disorders in patients with CRS: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common chronic disease that seriously affects patients' quality of life and imposes a heavy physical and mental burden on patients. There is growing evidence that sleep disorders are strongly associated with patients with CRS. However, there is no systematic evidence to clarify the prevalence and influencing factors of sleep disorders in patients with CRS with nasal polyps (NP) (CRSwNP) and CRS without NP (CRSsNP).

The interplay of inflammation and remodeling in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis: current understanding and future directions.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a common clinical condition characterized by persistent mucosal inflammation and tissue remodeling, has a complex pathogenesis that is intricately linked to innate and adaptive immunity. A number of studies have demonstrated that a variety of immune cells and cytokines that play a vital role in mediating inflammation in CRS are also involved in remodeling of the nasal mucosa and the cells as well as different cytokines involved in remodeling in CRS are also able to exert some influence on inflammation, even though the exact relationship between inflammation and remodeling in CRS has not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, the potential role of immune cells and cytokines in regulating inflammation and remodeling of CRS mucosa has been described, starting with the immune cells and cytokines that act together in inflammation and remodeling.

The application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in chronic rhinosinusitis patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has become extensively practiced and has shown encouraging benefits. Within recent years, ERAS has also been increasingly performed in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). However, the actual efficacy of ERAS in CRS patients undergoing ESS is not completely clear, and the related evidence remains weak.

Enzymatic synthesis of branched chain fatty acid-enriched structured triacylglycerols via esterification with glycerol.

While branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA)-enriched triacylglycerols (TAG) has various health benefits, its preparation has not been reported. This study aimed to synthesize high-purity BCFA-enriched structured TAG. First, BCFA was enriched from lanolin through saponification, calcification, and urea complexation.

Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a clinical syndrome primarily characterized by long-term mucosal inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinuses. The pathogenesis of CRS is still unclear due to its high heterogeneity. A number of studies have recently focused on the sinonasal epithelium.

Downregulation of CXXC Finger Protein 4 Leads to a Tamoxifen-resistant Phenotype in Breast Cancer Cells Through Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway.

Tamoxifen is a successful endocrine therapy drug for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. However, resistance to tamoxifen compromises the efficacy of endocrine treatment. In the present study, we identified potential tamoxifen resistance-related gene markers and investigated their mechanistic details.

Assessing Clinical Significance of Serum CA15-3 and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Levels in Breast Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignant cancer in women worldwide. The tumor markers Cancer Antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) are frequently used for screening and monitoring breast cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis of 13 published case-control studies to assess the associations between serum levels of CA15-3 and CEA with breast cancer susceptibility, including 1179 cases and 493 controls.

[Effects of Biyuanshu on Molecular Chaperone HSP70 and Cofactor CHIP Expression of Nasal Sinuses Mucosa Epithelial in Mice Chronic Rhinosinusitis Model].

Objective: To investigate effects of Biyuanshu( BYS) on molecular chaperone HSP70 and carboxyl terminus of HSC70 /HSP70-interacting protein( CHIP) expression of nasal sinuses mucosa epithele in mice Chronic rhinosinusitis( CRS) model, and to explore the BYS intervention mechanism from the point of molecular chaperone system.

Methods: 140 C57 male mice were randomly divided into normal group, sham operation group, model group, western medicine group, BYS low-dosage group, BYS medium-dosage group, BYS high-dosage group, with 20 mice in each group, and CRS model was established. With corresponding drug treatment for 14 days.

Gene therapy with beta-defensin 2 induces antitumor immunity and enhances local antitumor effects.

Beta-defensins, small antimicrobial peptides, are involved in host immune responses to tumors. In this study, we used beta-defensin 2 (BD2) to explore the possible role of beta-defensins in cancer gene therapy. A recombinant plasmid expressing a secretable form of BD2 was constructed.

Schistosoma japonicum: efficient and rapid purification of the tetraspanin extracellular loop 2, a potential protective antigen against schistosomiasis in mammalian.

The extracellular loop 2 of a tetraspanin from Schistosoma japonicum (Sj-TSP-2) is homologous to Schistosoma mansoni TSP-2. In our initial study, Sj-TSP-2 is an identical antigen against schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum.

[Researches on cloning and expression of the gene encoding Schistosoma japonicum tetraspanins extracellular loop 2 and its immunogenicity].

Objective: To clone and express the gene (Sj-tsp-2) encoding extracellular loop 2 (EC-2) of tetraspanins (TSPs) of Schistosoma japonicum (Chinese strain), and then to study the antigenicity and immunogenicity of this protein.

Methods: Synthesized Sj-tsp-2 gene was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET32a to generate pET32a-Sj-tsp-2 recombinant plasmid, and transformed into competent E. coli BL21 (DE3).