Enantio- and -selective Carbonyl-Ene Cyclization of 5-Substituted 5-Hexenals Catalyzed by Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-Assisted Chiral Phosphoric Acids.

The enantio- and -selective carbonyl-ene cyclization () of 5-substituted 5-hexanals has been achieved using a new Lewis-acid-assisted chiral Brønsted acid (LBA), i.e., a tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-chiral phosphoric acid complex.

High fidelity zero shot speaker adaptation in text to speech synthesis with denoising diffusion GAN.

Zero-shot speaker adaptation seeks to enable the cloning of voices for previously unseen speakers by leveraging only a few seconds of their speech samples. Nevertheless, existing zero-shot multi-speaker text-to-speech (TTS) systems continue to exhibit significant disparities in the synthesized speech quality and speaker similarity when comparing unseen to seen speakers. To address these challenges and improve synthesized speech quality and speaker similarity for unseen speakers, this study introduces an efficient zero-shot speaker-adaptive TTS model, DiffGAN-ZSTTS.

PGC-1α inhibits M2 macrophage polarization and alleviates liver fibrosis following hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury.

Oxidative stress can induce inflammation, promoting macrophage polarization and liver fibrosis following hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. However, how PGC-1α regulates macrophage polarization following hepatic I/R remains largely unknown.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha protects a fibrotic liver from partial hepatectomy-induced advanced liver injury through regulating cell cycle arrest.

Background: A fibrotic liver may have an impaired regenerative capacity. Because liver transplantation is donor limited, understanding the regenerative ability of a fibrotic liver is important.

Methods: A two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH) was performed in C57Bl/6 mice with or without carbon tetrachloride (CCl ) treatment.

Imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics induced by low PGC-1α expression contributes to hepatocyte EMT and liver fibrosis.

An imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics induced by oxidative stress may lead to hepatocyte epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and liver fibrosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics in hepatocyte EMT and liver fibrosis using an in vitro human (L-02 cells, hepatic cell line) and an in vivo mouse model of liver fibrosis.