Ancient hybridization drives arid adaptation and species diversification in Caragana (Fabaceae).

The genus Caragana (Fabaceae), comprising predominantly xerophytic shrubs, is ecologically important in arid ecosystems across Asia and Eastern Europe. Hybridization is increasingly recognized as a critical evolutionary mechanism, yet its role in arid adaptation and lineage diversification remains underexplored. Here, we test the hypothesis that ancient hybridization-facilitated ecological expansion and diversification in Caragana.

Species delimitation in the complex (Salicaceae) based on phylogenetic and morphometric evidence.

Due to significant morphological differences and extensive interspecific hybridization, there are numerous species complexes with taxonomic challenges in the genus . Integrative taxonomy, which combines evidence of morphology, molecular phylogeny, niche differentiation, and reproductive isolation, provides the most effective approaches for species delimitation. The complex, which belongs to subg.

Comparative chloroplast genome analyses provide new insights into molecular markers for distinguishing Arnebiae Radix and its substitutes (tribe Lithospermeae, Boraginaceae).

Background: Arnebiae Radix has long been used in traditional medicine for its pleiotropic properties. However, distinguishing Arnebiae Radix from its substitutes or closely related species has been challenging due to limited phenotypic characteristics.

Purpose: We aimed to identify the molecular markers for distinguishing Arnebiae Radix from its confusion species.

Chloroplast Genomes Evolution and Phylogenetic Relationships of species.

sensu lato () includes approximately 100 species that are mainly distributed in arid and semi-arid regions. species are ecologically valuable for their roles in windbreaking and sand fixation. However, the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the genus are still unclear.

Phylogenomic approaches untangle early divergences and complex diversifications of the olive plant family.

Background: Deep-branching phylogenetic relationships are often difficult to resolve because phylogenetic signals are obscured by the long history and complexity of evolutionary processes, such as ancient introgression/hybridization, polyploidization, and incomplete lineage sorting (ILS). Phylogenomics has been effective in providing information for resolving both deep- and shallow-scale relationships across all branches of the tree of life. The olive family (Oleaceae) is composed of 25 genera classified into five tribes with tribe Oleeae consisting of four subtribes.

The complete chloroplast genome of the threatened (Dipentodontaceae).

is a monotypic genus of Dipentodontaceae and the only species, , is scattered in southwest China as well as adjacent Myanmar, northeast India and northern Vietnam. This species was evaluated as vulnerable in 'China Species Red List'. Here, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of using Illumina sequencing data for the first time.