Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and risk of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Obesity is an established risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Observational data suggest that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may reduce the risk of VTE. However, the effects of GLP-1RAs on VTE have not been tested in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Gastrointestinal Adverse Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background & Aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are widely used for glycemic control or weight management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or overweight/obesity. However, there are concerns regarding their association with serious gastrointestinal adverse events, although findings have been inconsistent.

Methods: We systematically searched 5 databases for placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials assessing GLP-1RAs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity, or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Pulmonary outcomes of incretin-based therapies in COPD patients receiving single-inhaler triple therapy.

Background: Patients with COPD on triple therapy often face exacerbations and comorbidities. Emerging evidence suggests that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues may reduce the risk of exacerbation in patients with COPD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study investigates the impact of GLP-1 analogues on pulmonary outcomes in patients with COPD on single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) and T2DM.

Rate of Sodium Correction and Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome in Severe Hyponatremia: A Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend limiting the rate of correction in patients with severe hyponatremia to avoid severe neurologic complications such as osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS). However, published data have been conflicting. We aimed to evaluate the association between rapid sodium correction and ODS in patients with severe hyponatremia.

Metachronous and Synchronous Triple Primary Lung Cancers in a Chronic Smoker.

Multiple primary lung cancers (MPLCs), characterized by the presence of more than one distinct primary lung tumors, may develop either synchronously (simultaneously) or metachronously (after initial cancer treatment). This case describes a rare occurrence of three primary lung cancers in a chronic smoker. After a lobectomy for right middle lobe adenocarcinoma (ADC), the patient was diagnosed with synchronous small cell carcinoma (SCLC) in the right upper lobe and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the right lower lobe.

Thromboprophylaxis for outpatients with COVID-19: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Patients with COVID-19 develop an increased risk of thromboembolism. Thromboprophylaxis is recommended for hospitalized COVID-19 patients, but the role of thromboprophylaxis in outpatients with COVID-19 is less well defined. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of thromboprophylaxis among outpatients with COVID-19.

Impact of different corticosteroids on severe community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated conflicting results regarding the effects of corticosteroids on the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of different corticosteroids on patients who were hospitalised for severe CAP.

Methods: We performed a systematic search through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to May 2023.

The relationship between statin administration timing and survival outcomes in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint blockade.

Objective: Statins have been demonstrated to improve outcomes in patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). This study aimed to investigate whether the timing of statin administration influences the outcomes of patients receiving ICB.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing electronic health records from two tertiary referral centers in Taiwan.

Legionnaires' Disease Complicated with Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury.

Unlabelled: Legionnaire's disease can cause rare and severe complications such as rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. This case report details a 45-year-old male patient who presented with features of Legionnaire's disease. Laboratory results showed a significantly elevated serum creatinine kinase level and an increased creatinine level.

Efficacy of Lipophilic Statins on Outcomes of Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Background: Statins are associated with improved survival outcomes in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but the impact of lipophilic and hydrophilic statin properties on patient outcomes is unknown.

Objectives: We aim to investigate if statins with lipophilic properties are associated with clinical outcomes in patients receiving ICIs.

Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at two tertiary referral centers in Taiwan comprising patients receiving ICIs between January 2015 and December 2021.

The impact of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activating angiotensin receptor blocker on outcomes of patients receiving immunotherapy.

Background: Certain angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) activation property, which has been associated with improved programmed cell death ligand 1 blockade and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated antitumor activity.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate the impact of PPAR-γ-activating ARBs on patient survival in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) across all types of cancers.

Results: A total of 167 patients receiving both angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were included.

Effect of metformin on outcomes of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have transformed the treatment landscape of cancer treatment, but only a fraction of patients responds to treatment, leading to an increasing effort to repurpose clinically approved medications to augment ICI therapy. Metformin has been associated with improved survival outcomes in patients undergoing conventional chemotherapy. However, whether metformin provides survival benefits in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is unknown.

Impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on heart failure and mortality in patients with cancer.

Objectives: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) reduce heart failure (HF) in at-risk patients and may possess antitumour effects. We examined the effect of SGLT2i on HF and mortality among patients with cancer and diabetes.

Methods: This was a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study involving adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed with cancer between January 2010 and December 2021.

Efficacy of cationic amphiphilic antihistamines on outcomes of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Cationic amphiphilic antihistamines have been shown to improve patient outcomes in immunogenic tumours, but whether they can augment and improve response to immunotherapy is unknown. We aim to evaluate the effect of cationic amphiphilic antihistamines in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study at two tertiary referral centres in Taiwan between January 2015 and December 2021.