Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated autoimmune encephalitis and other neurological immune-mediated adverse events: a pharmacovigilance study using the FAERS and JADER.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated neurological immune-related adverse events (NAEs) are rare but serious side effects, of which autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a potentially fatal central nervous system disorder requiring more attention.

Methods: We performed a retrospective disproportionality analysis of NAE reports in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and the Japanese Adverse Event Reporting Database (JADER) from 2004 to 2024, utilizing reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network BCPNN, and the multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker (MGPS) for signal detection.

Results: In total, 3,999 reports of ICI-associated NAEs were identified from the FAERS database, of which 1,998 reports were AIE.

Establishment of a single-center-based early prognostic scoring system for Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Background: Previous studies have developed clinical prognostic models for Guillain-Barré syndrome including EGOS and mEGOS, they have good reliability and accuracy, but individual entries are poor. This study aims to establish a scoring system to predict the early prognosis, in order to provide additional treatment for patients with poor prognosis and shorten the length of hospital stay.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed risk factors affecting the short-term prognosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome, and developed a scoring system for early determination of disease prognosis.

Clinical Manifestation, Auxiliary Examination Features, and Prognosis of GFAP Autoimmunity: A Chinese Cohort Study.

Objective: This paper reports the clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination features of 15 Chinese patients with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoimmunity.

Methods: From June 2016 to December 2019, patients suspected to have neurological autoimmune disease after having their serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tested for conventional neural antibodies were scanned for additional autoantibodies by immunohistochemistry. Samples that showed a characteristic immunoreactive pattern reminiscent of the GFAP of astrocytes were selected and confirmed by cell-based assay using cells-expressing human GFAPα.

Reference values for trans-laminar cribrosa pressure difference and its association with systemic biometric factors.

Objectives: To provide reference values of trans-laminar cribrosa pressure difference (TLCPD) and reveal the association of TLCPD with systemic biometric factors.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 526 quasi-healthy subjects (including 776 eyes) who required lumbar puncture for medical reasons were selected from 4915 neurology inpatients from 2019 to 2022. Patients with any diseases affecting intraocular pressure (IOP) or intracranial pressure (ICP) were excluded.