Acupuncture for cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis protocol.

Background: The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has exceeded 589 million, with the proportion of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with comorbid cognitive impairment (CI) as high as 49.1%, which has a serious impact on disease management and quality of life. While acupuncture has been shown to improve cerebral glucose metabolism and synaptic plasticity, existing clinical trials are plagued by critical limitations: small sample sizes (often <100 participants) fail to detect subtle treatment effects, methodological heterogeneity in acupuncture protocols (e.

Chemical fingerprint analysis and quality assessment of Tibetan medicine Triphala from different origins by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Introduction: Although the Tibetan medicine Triphala (THL) is widely used in many countries, insufficient progress has been made in quality control.

Objectives: The present study aimed to propose a methodology for quality control of THL based on HPLC fingerprinting combined with an orthogonal array design.

Methods: Seven identified peaks were used as indicators to examine the effects of temperature, extraction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the dissolution of active ingredients in THL.