Oesophagostomum dentatum and Oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum: characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome sequences of the two pig nodule worms.

In the present study, the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of the pig nodule worm Oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum were determined for the first time, and the mt genome of Oesophagostomum dentatum from China was also sequenced for comparative analysis of their gene contents and genome organizations. The mtDNA sequences of O. dentatum China isolate and O.

Electrophoretic detection of genetic variability among Schistosoma japonicum isolates by sequence-related amplified polymorphism.

In the present study, sequence-related amplification polymorphism (SRAP) was utilized to study the genetic variability among Schistosoma japonicum isolates from different provinces in China, using Schistosoma mansoni from Puerto Rico for comparison. Five out of ten tested SRAP primer combinations displayed significant polymorphisms among S. japonicum isolates from China, namely ME2/EM1, ME4/EM1, ME4/EM6, ME5/EM4 and ME5/EM5.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of five Eimeria species from domestic chickens.

Chicken coccidiosis caused by members of the genus Eimeria causes significant economic losses worldwide. In the present study we sequenced the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of six Eimeria species and analyzed features of their gene contents and genome organizations. The complete mt genomes of E.

Genetic characterization of ticks from southwestern Romania by sequences of mitochondrial cox1 and nad5 genes.

In the present study, samples representing three hard tick species and one soft tick species, namely Dermacentor marginatus, Haemaphysalis punctata, Ixodes ricinus and Argas persicus from southwestern Romania, and one hard tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, from China were characterized genetically by a portion of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (pcox1) and a portion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene (pnad5). The pcox1 and pnad5 were amplified separately from individual ticks by PCR, sequenced and analyzed. The length of pcox1 and pnad5 sequences of all samples was 732 and 519 bp, respectively.

[Comparison of light characteristics in different size gaps in eastern Liaoning montane secondary forests].

With three different size gaps (G1, 670 m2; G2, 290 m2; and G3, 90 m2) in eastern Liaoning montane secondary forests of China as test objects, and through a continuous measurement of light intensity, the spatiotemporal distribution of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in the gaps was compared. The results showed that the diurnal variation of PPFD in the gaps was greater at northern than at southern position. The larger the forest gap, the broader the higher PPFD value area, and the more obvious the heterogeneity.

Electrophoretic analysis of sequence variability in three mitochondrial DNA regions for ascaridoid parasites of human and animal health significance.

Sequence variability in three mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) regions, namely cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1 and 4 (nad1 and nad4), among and within Toxocara canis, T. cati, T. malaysiensis, T.

The complete mitochondrial genomes for three Toxocara species of human and animal health significance.

Background: Studying mitochondrial (mt) genomics has important implications for various fundamental areas, including mt biochemistry, physiology and molecular biology. In addition, mt genome sequences have provided useful markers for investigating population genetic structures, systematics and phylogenetics of organisms. Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati and Toxocara malaysiensis cause significant health problems in animals and humans.

[Effects of ectomycorrhizal fungi on alleviating the decline of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations on Keerqin sandy land].

Based on the observations of air temperature, soil temperature, and root systems of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations on southeastern Keerqin sandy land, the decline mechanisms of the plantations were analyzed from the aspect of the effects of temperature on the growth and survival of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM). The results indicated that ECM could hardly survive with in 0-5 cm soil layer because of its high temperature environment, but the temperature condition in 20-40 cm soil layer was suitable for the survival and growth of ECM.

The evaluation for generic-level monophyly of Ancyrocephalinae (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) using ribosomal DNA sequence data.

To overcome the limited regional and taxonomic coverage in previous studies of the Ancyrocephalinae (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae), we present further findings on the molecular systematics and phylogeny of a broader selection of specimens, aiming to build a molecular phylogeny of the Ancyrocephalinae, and to assess the monophyly of each available genus, using D1-D2 domain of LSU rDNA and the combined LSU and partial sequence of SSU rDNA data sets. Our studies showed that 18 Haliotrema species were highly dispersive to form several clades with species from ten closely related genera. The host range of Euryhaliotrematoides species was not only restricted in butterfly fishes (Chaetodontidae), but widen to include the Lutjanidae.

PCR-based identification and delineation of members within the Pseudorhabdosynochus lantauensis complex (Monogenea: Diplectanidae).

Molecular methods using genetic markers in the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were established to identify and distinguish between two members within the Pseudorhabdosynochus lantauensis complex and two morphologically distinct congeners, Pseudorhabdosynochus epinepheli and Pseudorhabdosynochus coioidesis, from different marine fish species and various geographical origins. Supported by selective DNA sequencing, it was demonstrated that the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-coupled single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the first internal transcribed spacer and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of a variable region (representing the D1-D3 domains) in the large subunit of rDNA achieved the identification and delineation of all four taxa examined. These PCR-based approaches provide useful complementary tools to traditional methods for the accurate identification of species within the genus Pseudorhabdosynochus (irrespective of developmental stage) and have major implications for studying the ecology, transmission, and population genetic structures of these and other related parasites and for the prevention and control of the diseases they cause.

PCR-SSCP as a molecular tool for the identification of Benedeniinae (Monogenea: Capsalidae) from marine fish.

PCR-based single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was used to characterize monogenean specimens of the subfamily Benedeniinae of morphologically uncertain specific status from different marine fish species, using Neobenedenia melleni, N. girellae and Entobdella corona for comparison. The first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) and the 5' terminal variable region (D1-D3 domains) of the large subunit ribosomal DNA (lsrDNA) were amplified separately from individual monogeneans, and the amplicons were subjected to PCR-SSCP analyses, followed by direct sequencing.