Bioinsecticidal activity of aspergillus-derived endophytes from Olea europaea against Culex pipiens: toxicity, histology, and GC-MS profiling.

Endophytic fungi offer a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic insecticides, providing targeted pest control with reduced environmental toxicity and lower risk of resistance development. In this study, four endophytic fungi were isolated from Olea europaea and their ethyl acetate extracts' larvicidal efficacy of Culex pipiens. Boxplot distributions revealed a positive correlation between metabolite concentration and larval mortality, with higher doses inducing greater lethality.