Maternal obesity impairs fetal brown adipogenesis by attenuating fetal FGF21 signaling.

In mammals, maternal obesity typically impairs brown adipose tissue (BAT) formation in fetuses, increasing their risk of metabolic disorders in adulthood. However, the mechanisms behind this phenomenon are not well understood. Our single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis revealed dynamic changes in cell heterogeneity within the fetal interscapular BAT (iBAT) from obese dams, leading to compromised thermogenesis in their offspring.

Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation Alleviates Heat Stress-Induced Testicular Damage and Improves Semen Quality in Boars.

Rising global temperatures and increasing extreme weather events have profound and widespread health impacts, particularly on vulnerable populations and sensitive organs. This study aimed to investigate the impact of HS on testicular NAD metabolism and assess the potential of NAD precursor supplementation in alleviating heat stress (HS)-induced reductions in semen quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of HS on testicular NAD metabolism and assess the potential of NAD precursor supplementation in alleviating HS-induced reductions in semen quality.

End-to-End Pre-Training With Hierarchical Matching and Momentum Contrast for Text-Video Retrieval.

Lately, video-language pre-training and text-video retrieval have attracted significant attention with the explosion of multimedia data on the Internet. However, existing approaches for video-language pre-training typically limit the exploitation of the hierarchical semantic information in videos, such as frame semantic information and global video semantic information. In this work, we present an end-to-end pre-training network with Hierarchical Matching and Momentum Contrast named HMMC.

Behaviors of self-delivery lidocaine nano systems affected by intermolecular interaction.

Lidocaine salts self-assembled into different nano systems in water at a clinical dosage (2%, 0.2 mL) without excipient addition, and led to different sensory block durations and acute systemic toxicities, which were affected by the self-delivery and self-release behaviors of the salts . These differences were mainly caused by intermolecular π-π stacking under different conditions, which was proved by the unique supramolecular arrangement of gourd-shaped Janus particles.