If the Only Tool is a Hammer, Every Problem Looks Like a Nail-Diversifying the Analytical Approaches of Data from Primary Research for Better Understanding of Effectiveness, Outcomes and Impacts of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.

Background: There is a notable increase in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) procedures, the numbers of patients treated, and volume of scientific articles published. However, it is not clear whether there is a parallel diversification in the analytic approaches employed in published MBS research. The current study appraised this point.

From Outcomes to Long‑Term Impact: Do Improvements in Individual Cardiometabolic Risk Factors After Sleeve Gastrectomy Translate to Reductions in Composite Indicators of Cardiovascular Risk?

Background: No previous research has assessed the long-term individual cardiometabolic risk factors and composite cardiovascular (CV) risk indicators in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). The current study undertook this task.

Methods: This retrospective study examined patients with obesity and T2DM who underwent primary SG at our institution between 2011 and 2015 (N = 361).

Four-Year Outcomes of One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: Safety, Effectiveness, and Resolution of Obesity-Related Medical Conditions.

Background: Very few studies examined the safety and effectiveness of OAGB among adolescents. We undertook this task.

Methods: Retrospective review of consecutive adolescents (N = 91, 11-21 years old) who underwent primary OAGB in Lebanon and Egypt (January 2013-January 2018).

Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Arabic Version of the Eating Disorders After Bariatric Surgery Questionnaire (EDABS‑Q‑Arabic18).

Background: There is no validated Arabic questionnaire to assess eating disorders (ED) after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) without the need for an interview. We undertook this task.

Methods: The English-published Eating Disorder Examination-Self-report Questionnaire Bariatric Surgery Version (EDABS-Q) was translated and adapted following international guidelines (forward/backward translation, expert panel review, and pretesting).

Diagnostic accuracy of symptoms compared to endoscopy, biopsy and bile reflux index in detecting reflux-related abnormalities at one year after OAGB.

Background: The diagnostic accuracy of clinical symptoms in detecting reflux-related abnormalities after One anastomosis gastric Bypass (OAGB) remains unclear. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of reflux symptoms compared to upper endoscopy (UE), biopsy, and bile reflux index (BRI) findings at one-year post-OAGB.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 consecutive patients who underwent OAGB between November 2017 and June 2018 and had no preoperative reflux symptoms.

Role of varicocelectomy in infertile patients with clinical varicocele and isolated sperm defects.

Objective: This study investigated the outcomes of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy (MSV) on semen and hormonal parameters in cases with isolated sperm defects (oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, or teratozoospermia).

Methods: A retrospective review of charts of patients who underwent MSV for clinically palpable varicocele between January 1, 2011 and January 1, 2019 at Hamad Medical Corporation was undertaken. All patients diagnosed with isolated oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, or teratozoospermia in the preoperative semen analysis were included.

Reflux-Related Abnormalities at Distal oesophagus, Gastric Pouch and Anastomotic Site 4 Years After OAGB: Diagnostic Accuracies of Endoscopy Compared to Biopsy and of Symptoms Compared to Both.

Background: The purpose of the current study is to appraise the diagnostic accuracy of upper endoscopy (UE) vs histopathological assessment of patients after one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), and the presence/absence of symptoms vs these two diagnostic modalities.

Methods: Retrospective study of 50 consecutive patients who underwent OAGB during April 2019-April 2020 and consented to participate. Symptoms (symptoms score questionnaire), macroscopic and microscopic data were collected 4 years later to assess distal oesophageal, gastric pouch and anastomotic site changes.

Loss to Long-Term Follow-up in Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Challenge to the Evidence Base.

Long-term follow-up in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) remains challenging. This commentary addresses the critical need to urgently attend to several issues pertaining to long-term follow-up to strengthen the bariatric evidence base.

Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Improvements at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 years-Are the Initial Benefits Sustained?

Background: No previous study assessed the outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) beyond 5 years among adult patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We appraised the evolution of 20 outcomes at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 years.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 361 consecutive T2DM patients who underwent SG at our institution (April 2011-December 2015).

Healthcare research and education: actively constructed research knowledge-a model for online systematic reviews and meta-analyses courses.

Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study: (a) scoped the literature for desirable characteristics of online learning environments; (b) analyzed and compared the available online systematic review and meta-analysis (SR/MA) courses; and (c) proposed an outline for a model online systematic review SR/MA course that is aligned with PRISMA principles, and (d) charted learning outcomes, module contents, interactive elements, feedback and module assessment, and course evaluation of the proposed course. The findings highlight the many distinctive aspects and design of the proposed model course, including its comprehensiveness, alignment with PRISMA principles, self-pace and self-direction, with high interactivity levels, augmented by the expert trainer guidance ('human' factor), and individualized feedback, and its conclusion with the incorporation of the learners in virtual research teams undertaking real SR/MA. The proposed model course integrates principles of problem-based learning, where in addition to the provided resources (interactive assignments and video tutorials), trainees will be actively conducting their own real SR/MA as part of the course, while receiving expert feedback to enhance learning outcomes.

The Landscape of Obesity Education Worldwide - Are We Doing Enough? Scoping Review of Content of Obesity Educational Interventions in Medical Schools and Residency Programs.

No study appraised the curricular content of published obesity education interventions (OEI) delivered to medical students, residents, or fellows. This scoping review identified and described the curricular content of published OEI, examined the specific obesity-related domains addressed, and proposed potential directions for future intervention development. We searched PubMed and Web of Science databases.

Ethical dilemmas surrounding patients´ "unwise" treatment preferences and suboptimal decision quality: case series of three renal cell carcinoma patients who developed local recurrences after non-guideline-concordant care choices.

Patient engagement and shared decision-making (SDM) between patients and clinicians is the foundation of patient-centered care. It aims to reach a treatment option that fits the patient's preference and is guideline-concordant. We sought to evaluate the possible causes and outcomes of patient's non-guideline-concordant care choices.

Varicocele repair for severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: Scoping review of published guidelines, and systematic review of the literature.

Background: The outcomes of varicocele repair (VR) for severe oligozooasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) have not been widely examined.

Methods: Assessment of outcomes of VR after severe OAT, employing scoping review of published guidelines, and systematic review of literature. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale appraised the quality of included studies.

Breaking the silence - systematic review of the socio-cultural underpinnings of men's sexual and reproductive health in Middle East and North Africa (MENA): A handful of taboos?

Background: Sociocultural aspects can impact sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Despite this, no study appraised the socio-cultural underpinnings impacting men's SRH in MENA (Middle East and North Africa). The current systematic review undertook this task.

Does age matter? Impact of age on testicular function and pregnancy outcomes following microsurgical varicocelectomy in patients with grade 3 varicocele.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of age on semen and hormonal parameters following microsurgical varicocelectomy among patients with grade 3 varicocele, and to compare fertility outcomes between younger (<40 years) and older (≥40 years) men.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of infertile patients with clinical left grade 3 varicocele who underwent microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy (MV). Patients meeting the inclusion criteria ( = 550) were divided into two groups based on their age at the time of MV: <40 ( = 441) and ≥40 years ( = 109).

New world of big data-new challenges for evidence synthesis: impact of data duplication on estimates generated by meta-analyses and the development of a framework for its identification and management.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to highlight the effects of entering duplicated or overlapping data from published studies using the same data registries into a meta-analysis, including its identification and management using a novel structured framework.

Study Design And Setting: Secondary analysis of data from a proportional meta-analysis of 30-day cumulative incidence of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) after metabolic and bariatric surgery was performed. Sensitivity analysis was conducted a) including all studies regardless of duplication (uncorrected sample) and b) comparing it to a corrected sample of studies.

The predictors of successful methotrexate treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy.

Background: The pre-treatment characteristics of the patient and ectopic pregnancy to determine the patients who are likely to successfully respond to methotrexate (MTX) therapy remain controversial. This study investigated the outcomes of ectopic pregnancy after one and two MTX doses and their independent predictors.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of women who consented to MTX treatment in 2017-2018 at our institution ( = 317).

COVID-19 and male fertility: short- and long-term impacts of asymptomatic vs. symptomatic infection on male reproductive potential.

Background: Studies exploring the effect of COVID-19 on male reproductive system suggest a detrimental association, however with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to assess the association between COVID-19 infection and male reproductive potential including hormone profiles and semen parameters.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 48 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection.

Clusters of lifestyle behavioral risk factors and their associations with depressive symptoms and stress: evidence from students at a university in Finland.

Background: No previous research of university students in Finland assessed lifestyle behavioral risk factors (BRFs), grouped students into clusters, appraised the relationships of the clusters with their mental well-being, whilst controlling for confounders. The current study undertook this task.

Methods: Students at the University of Turku (n = 1177, aged 22.

Cumulative Incidence of Venous Thromboembolic Events In-Hospital, and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 Months After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Systematic Review of 87 Studies and Meta-analysis of 2,731,797 Patients.

Systematic review/meta-analysis of cumulative incidences of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS). Electronic databases were searched for original studies. Proportional meta-analysis assessed cumulative VTE incidences.

Are behavioural risk factors clusters associated with self-reported health complaints? University students in Finland.

Objectives: No previous research of university students in Finland assessed lifestyle behavioural risk factors (BRFs) and categorized students into clusters, explored the associations of the clusters with self-reported health complaints (HCs), whilst controlling for potential confounders. The current study undertook this task.

Methods: Students at the University of Turku (1,177) completed an online well-being questionnaire that assessed socio-demographic variables, 5 BRFs - problematic alcohol consumption, smoking, illicit drug use, food consumption habits, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and 22 HCs.

Are sexually transmitted infections associated with male infertility? A systematic review and in-depth evaluation of the evidence and mechanisms of action of 11 pathogens.

Purpose: To systematically review the evidence on the association between sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and male infertility. We sought to answer two questions: Are STIs significantly associated with detrimental changes in semen parameters?; and, is the prevalence of STIs significantly higher in infertile than fertile men?

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were searched (inceptionMarch 2023) following the PRISMA guidelines. Identified original studies in English on the association between STIs and male infertility were included.

Effectiveness of, and Satisfaction with, a Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction Knowledge and Skills Masterclass for a World-Wide Audience.

Purpose: This is the first study to assess the impact of an online microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) masterclass. We: 1) describe the masterclass's scientific content; 2) appraise the participants' acquisition of knowledge; 3) gauge whether the extent of improvement of the participants' knowledge/skills was influenced by demographic/professional attributes; and 4) evaluate the participants' satisfaction.

Materials And Methods: This masterclass comprised five didactic lectures followed by 4 case discussions.