Solitary Condyloma Acuminatum of the Dorsal Tongue: An Atypical Presentation and Diagnostic Challenge.

Solitary papillary lesions of the oral cavity may present diagnostic challenges, particularly when arising in uncommon locations, such as the dorsal surface of the tongue, and in the absence of other mucocutaneous involvement. We report the case of a 55-year-old male patient with a small, asymptomatic, sessile lesion on the dorsum of the tongue, measuring approximately 2 mm in height. The lesion appeared white, standing in sharp contrast to the surrounding erythematous mucosa, drawing attention despite its diminutive size.

Oral Treatment with EGCG, Folic Acid, Vitamin B12, and Hyaluronic Acid Improves HPV Clearance and Counteracts Its Persistence: A Clinical Study.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection represents one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. However, the lack of effective therapeutic strategies to counteract viral infection and its persistence still makes the management of HPV a medical concern. Persistence is indeed a crucial issue in the context of HPV, as it may increase the risk of viral DNA integration into the host genome, thus exposing patients to tumoral progression.

Insights from the EGOI-PCOS patient survey: Diagnosis, treatment, and quality of life according to Italian PCOS patients.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder; however, the current guidelines do not adequately address the metabolic aspect. By gathering patients' perspectives, this survey investigates potential issues with the current diagnostic process to identify key points that need addressing in the future.

Method: A survey comprising of 49 multiple-choice question was distributed to members of the Italian PCOS community NoiPCOS, including topics such as demographics, PCOS diagnosis experience, symptom management, quality of life, and access to information about PCOS.

Endocrine Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome: Distinct but Interrelated Pathologies.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome, or endocrine metabolic syndrome (EMS) as recently proposed by the Expert Group on Inositol in basic and clinical research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS), manifests as a series of metabolic and hormonal alterations, which are primarily suspected to be underpinned by an underlying metabolic problem. Several of these metabolic issues are shared with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a separate but interrelated metabolic disorder typified by obesity, heightened glucose levels, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular risk factors.

Objectives: This review sets out to expand upon the interplay between EMS and MetS, defining the key characteristics of each condition prior to discussing treatment options that may benefit both sets of patients.

A retrospective study "myo-inositol is a cost-saving strategy for controlled ovarian stimulation in non-polycystic ovary syndrome art patients.".

Background: Fertility care represents a financial burden on patients and healthcare services alike and can represent a barrier to entry for many couples. Controlled ovarian stimulation (COH) is routinely used as part of in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedures, as such the use of gonadotropins is a major contributing factor to the cost of the procedure. Recent studies have shown that myo-Inositol (myo-ins) may reduce the amount of gonadotrophins required in assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures.

Corrigendum: Gestational diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome, a position statement from EGOI-PCOS.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2025.

Gestational diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome, a position statement from EGOI-PCOS.

Gestational diabetes mellitus is a worldwide health issue in pregnancy, posing a threat to both mother and child. One of the major risk factors for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus is polycystic ovary syndrome, primarily due to the biochemical hyperandrogenism and metabolic issues, commonly observed in these patients. In recent years, the Expert Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS) has sought to better understand the pathogenesis behind polycystic ovary syndrome, in order to accurately diagnose and treat patients according to their individual needs.

Assessing quality, reliability and accuracy of polycystic ovary syndrome-related content on TikTok: A video-based cross-sectional analysis.

Objective: Social networks share medical content with no peer-review or fact-checking. In the present study we aimed to assess the quality, reliability, and level of misinformation in TikTok videos about polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of TikTok videos retrieved using "PCOS" as the search term and analyzed using patient education materials assessment tool for audio-visual content (PEMAT A/V), modified DISCERN (mDISCERN), global quality scale (GQS), video information and quality index (VIQI) and misinformation assessment were employed.

The Clinical Use of Myo-Inositol in IVF-ET: A Position Statement from the Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS), the Polish Society of Andrology, and the International Scientific Association for the Support and Development of Medical Technologies.

Myo-inositol plays a vital role in human health, functioning as a second messenger of FSH and facilitating the transport of glucose into the cell. Consequently, myo-inositol is regularly utilized in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), wherein it acts upon metabolic factors, improving insulin sensitivity and reducing total androgen levels. Patients with PCOS frequently suffer from infertility; thus, the use of myo-inositol has been explored in improving assistive reproductive technique (ART) procedures.

Murine Models and Human Cell Line Models to Study Altered Dynamics of Ovarian Follicles in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, characterized by functional and structural alterations of the female reproductive organs. Due to the unknown underlying molecular mechanisms, in vivo murine models and in vitro human cellular models are developed to study the syndrome. These models are used to analyze various aspects of the pathology by replicating the conditions of the syndrome.

Delphi consensus on the diagnostic criteria of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Purpose: To gather the current opinion among Italian gynecologists and endocrinologists regarding the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Method: A Delphi survey consisting of 26 statements was designed by a nine-member panel (consisting of members from the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) and the Experts Group AQon Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS)) and distributed to 102 experts in PCOS across the fields of gynecology and endocrinology. Consensus was defined as an agreement between at least 70% of responders.

Hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome and adrenal hyperplasia: finding differences to make a specific diagnosis.

Purpose: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are two pathologic conditions sharing several clinical features (hirsutism, acne, polycystic ovary morphology, metabolic alterations, ovulatory dysfunctions) and especially hyperandrogenism as a common clinical hallmark. Therefore, making a differential diagnosis of the two conditions still remains a great medical challenge.

Methods: In particular, the comparison discussed in this review referred to non-classical form of adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH), which regards the adult population, and the Endocrine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS), following the new set of PCOS diagnostic criteria proposed by the Experts Group on Inositol and Clinical Research, and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS).

Hyperandrogenic eumenorrheic NON-PCOS women women with PCOS after the GnRH-agonist stimulation test preceded by suppression of adrenal steroidogenesis with dexamethasone.

The subject of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been extensively covered in the literature; however, there is a paucity of data regarding eumenorrheic women with hyperandrogenism and/or hyperandrogenemia without ultrasound evidence of PCO morphology (EuHyperA), and even less data on the comparison between PCOS and EuHyperA subjects. It has previously been shown that around half of PCOS women exhibit a hyper-response of serum 17-hydroxy-progesterone (17-OHP) to the stimulation by GnRH-agonists, also indicated as functional ovarian hyperandrogenism (FOH). Often, this stimulation test is preceded by suppression of the adrenal steroidogenesis with oral dexamethasone (Dex).

Inositol Restores Appropriate Steroidogenesis in PCOS Ovaries Both In Vitro and In Vivo Experimental Mouse Models.

Androgen excess is a key feature of several clinical phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the presence of FSH receptor (FSHR) and aromatase (CYP19A1) activity responses to physiological endocrine stimuli play a critical role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Preliminary data suggest that myo-Inositol (myo-Ins) and D-Chiro-Inositol (D-Chiro-Ins) may reactivate CYP19A1 activity.

Counteracting HPV Cervical and Anal Infection through Dietary Supplementation of EGCG, Folic Acid, Vitamin B12 and Hyaluronic Acid: Clinical Case Reports.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and the management of its persistence is still a great medical challenge. Recently, scientific evidence has supported the potential therapeutic effects of four combined natural molecules-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), folic acid, vitamin B12 and hyaluronic acid (HA)-in counteracting HPV DNA positivity and related cytological lesions. : Each patient of these five clinical cases had persistent HPV positivity in the anogenital site and assumed a dietary supplement based on a combination of 200 mg of EGCG, 50 mg of HA, 1 mg of vitamin B12 and 400 mcg of folic acid (Pervistop, Farmares s.

PCOS phenotype focus: phenotype D under the magnifying glass.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is defined as the combination of polycystic morphology, hyperandrogenism, and ovulatory disruption; this heterogeneity presents a conundrum for the medical community. The Rotterdam criteria have governed the diagnosis of PCOS, separating the patient cohort into four distinct phenotypes. It has been suggested that the lone normoandrogenic phenotype, so-called phenotype D, should not be classified as a PCOS subtype, with phenotypes A, B, and C displaying a hyperandrogenic biochemical and clinical profile thought to be characteristic of PCOS.

d-Chiro-Inositol in Clinical Practice: A Perspective from the Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI).

Background: d-Chiro-inositol is a natural molecule that, in association with its well-studied isomer myo-inositol, may play a role in treating various metabolic and gynecological disorders.

Objectives: This perspective seeks to explore the mechanisms and functions of d-chiro-inositol, laying the foundations to discuss its use in clinical practice, across dysmetabolism, obesity, and hormonal dysregulation.

Methods: A narrative review of all the relevant papers known to the authors was conducted.

The Effects of Myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol in a Ratio 40:1 on Hormonal and Metabolic Profile in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Classified as Phenotype A by the Rotterdam Criteria and EMS-Type 1 by the EGOI Criteria.

Setting: Insulin resistance (IR) and compensatory hyperinsulinemia are considered contributing factors toward polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objectives: This study evaluates the frequency of metabolic abnormalities in PCOS patients and the effects of myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), in a 40:1 ratio on hormonal and metabolic parameters.

Participants: Thirty-four women with PCOS phenotype A (endocrine-metabolic syndrome [EMS-type 1]) between the ages of 20-40.

Inositols in treating polycystic ovary syndrome and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: now and the future.

Introduction: This Expert Opinion covers recent updates in the use of Inositol in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type II diabetes and gives support to researchers and clinicians.

Areas Covered: This article discusses the role of Myo-Inositol (MI) and D-Chiro-Inositol (DCI) in physiological function, the use of MI in PCOS, the risks of using DCI in reproductive conditions, the 40:1 combination of MI/DCI in PCOS. Furthermore, we discuss the issues of insulin resistance and how α-lactalbumin may increase the intestinal bioavailability of MI.

Effects of Low Luteinizing Hormone Serum Levels on Oocyte Retrieval, Fertilization Rate, and Embryo Quality during Controlled Ovarian Stimulation: Results from a Prospective Cohort Analysis.

Objectives: Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a key role in normal follicular development and oocyte maturation in controlled ovarian stimulation. LH stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of theca cells for the secretion of androgens, synergistically increasing estrogen production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low LH concentrations on oocyte retrieval, fertilization, and embryo development in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

A Markov-model simulation of IVF programs for PCOS patients indicates that coupling myo-Inositol with rFSH is cost-effective for the Italian Health System.

Accumulating evidence suggests that oral supplementation with myo-Inositol (myo-Ins) is able to reduce the amount of gonadotropins and days of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COS) necessary to achieve adequate oocyte maturation in assisted reproduction technology (ART) protocols, particularly in women affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We used computational calculations based on simulation modellings. We simulated in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures-with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-with 100,000 virtual patients, accounting for all the stages of the entire IVF procedure.