Impact of Gliflozins on Right Heart Remodeling in Italian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Heart Failure: Results from the GLISCAR Real-World Study.

: The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in addition to optimal medical therapy (OMT) on right ventricular (RV) systolic function in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is not well established. This study aimed to assess the impact of SGLT2is on RV function using advanced echocardiographic parameters in patients with HFrEF and type 2 diabetes (T2D). : The real-world prospective, observational GLISCAR study enrolled 31 consecutive patients with T2D and HFrEF.

Plant-based dietary patterns and age-specific risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a prospective analysis.

Background: It is currently unknown whether plant-based dietary patterns influence disease progression to multimorbidity after an initial non-communicable disease, and whether the associated risk of multimorbidity varies with age. This study aimed to investigate associations of plant-based diets with the risk of multimorbidity, defined as the co-occurrence of at least two chronic diseases in an individual (either cancer at any site, cardiovascular disease, or type 2 diabetes).

Methods: This prospective cohort study used data from EPIC and UK Biobank across six European countries, with participants aged 35-70 years at recruitment.

Plant-based dietary patterns and breast cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) study.

While previous literature suggests that plant-based diets may be associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, evidence remains inconsistent. In this study, we investigated the association between adherence to plant-based diets and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) were calculated, and multivariable Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of breast cancer for the three indices.

Body mass index and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women with and without cardiometabolic diseases: Findings from two prospective cohort studies in Europe.

Background: Adiposity, measured by body mass index (BMI), is a known risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer. However, whether the association of BMI with breast cancer risk differs among women with and without cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) is uncertain.

Methods: This study used individual participant data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and UK Biobank (UKB) that included 168,547 postmenopausal women who were free of cancer, T2D, and CVD at recruitment.

Predictive role of functional respiratory tests in LUng toxicity in stage III NSCLC treated with chemo-, raDIO- and immuno-therapy: PRELUDIO TRIAL.

Introduction: Stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a heterogeneous group, for which consolidation immunotherapy with durvalumab, after chemo-radiotherapy, is currently considered the standard of treatment by all national and international guidelines, based on data from the PACIFIC trial. Regarding adverse reactions, pulmonary toxicities represent the most difficult to diagnose and manage.

Methods: It is planned to include 123 patients at 28 sites in Southern Italy experiencing lung cancer in this observational study.

NerveCheck master to screen patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes for peripheral and cardiac autonomic neuropathy.

Aim: NerveCheck Master (NCKM) is a portable device designed to assess vibration, warm, cold and heat pain perception thresholds. NCKM was shown to offer good diagnostic accuracy for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) remains underdiagnosed.

Oral behaviors mediate the relationship between anxiety and painful temporomandibular disorders.

Objectives: Anxiety is strongly associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain, including painful temporomandibular disorders (p-TMD). Non-functional oral behaviors-such as wake-time tooth clenching or keeping the lower jaw in a tense position-are prevalent stress-related behaviors among individuals with elevated anxiety. These behaviors are thought to act as maladaptive coping strategies increasing strain on the masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint, thereby enhancing peripheral nociceptive input and contributing to the onset or persistence of p-TMD in individuals with high anxiety.

Efficacy and Safety of Nitrous Oxide (NO) Inhalation Sedation Compared to Other Sedative Agents in Dental Procedures: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

: Dental procedures can be distressing, particularly for patients who are anxious or uncooperative. In such cases, effective sedation not only facilitates the clinician's work but also enhances patient comfort and acceptance of dental care. Nitrous oxide (NO) has been widely employed as a sedative agent in dental practice.

Adjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for the treatment of people with resected stage I to III non-small-cell lung cancer and EGFR mutation.

Background: Postoperative adjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor osimertinib is the standard care for stage IB-IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutation, following complete tumour resection, with or without prior platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy. However, the role of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in this setting is debated, particularly concerning long-term curative effects versus recurrence delay. Uncertainties persist around treatment duration, harms, and effectiveness across disease stages, prior chemotherapy, or EGFR-sensitising mutation types.

Systemic inflammatory response markers improve the discrimination for prognostic model in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background/purpose Of The Study: We aimed to evaluate the performance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and their combination (combined NLR-PLR, CNP) in predicting overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in a large cohort of unselected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods: Training and validation cohort data were retrieved from the Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.

Immature forms of low density granulocytes are increased in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes.

Neutrophils can promote or suppress tumor growth. These different immunological functions mirror a great heterogenicity of neutrophil maturation and activation status: low-density granulocytes (LDGs) and normal-density neutrophils (NDNs). LDGs participate in immune dysregulation during autoimmune disorders with an activated phenotype, while NDNs might exert immunosuppressive activities.

Antimicrobial Lock Therapy in Clinical Practice: A Scoping Review.

Antimicrobial lock therapy (ALT) prevents microbial colonization in central vein catheters and treats existing catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs); the ALT assessment involves several key considerations. First, identifying which patients are suitable candidates is crucial. Additionally, understanding the clinical contexts in which is utilised provides insight into its applications.

Identifying Metabolomic Mediators of the Physical Activity and Colorectal Cancer Relationship.

Background: Current evidence suggests higher physical activity (PA) levels are associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer. However, the mediating role of the circulating metabolome in this relationship remains unclear.

Methods: Targeted metabolomics data from 6,055 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort were used to identify metabolites associated with PA and derive a metabolomic signature of PA levels.

CiThroModel Improves Prediction of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Patients With Cirrhosis Without Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a recognized complication of acutely ill patients, but its incidence and risk factors in those with cirrhosis are uncertain.

Methods: We retrospectively studied a consecutive cohort of cirrhosis patients non-electively admitted to our medical unit to determine the rates of symptomatic VTE during hospitalization. Firstly, we explored associations with baseline, clinical and laboratory characteristics using logistic regression.

Increased risk of coronary artery diseases in overweight and obese individuals is partially mediated by chronic inflammation: The EPICOR study.

Background And Aims: It is well known that being overweight or obese is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). At the same time, belonging to these categories indirectly influences other risk factors like hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidemia also through a chronic inflammation condition. The aim of this study was to establish to which extent the effect of body mass index (BMI) on CAD risk can be explained by the chronic inflammation degree, using a statistical mediation model.

Dexmedetomidine as Adjunctive Therapy for the Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is defined as the cessation or reduction in heavy and prolonged alcohol use within several hours to a few days of cessation. The recommended first-line therapy for AWS ranging from mild to severe or complicated remains benzodiazepines; in cases where benzodiazepines are not adequate in controlling persistent autonomic hyperactivity or anxiety, dexmedetomidine could be utilized. The possible advantage of dexmedetomidine compared to benzodiazepines is that it does not cause respiratory depression, thus reducing the risk of intubation and hospitalization in the ICUs, with the potential reduction in healthcare costs.

Impact of maxillary expansion on the sagittal skeletal and dental parameters of growing Class II patients: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

A "spontaneous" correction of the Class II malocclusion has been described after maxillary expansion (ME) treatment. The aim of the present review was to systematically summarize changes in the sagittal dentoskeletal parameters of growing Class II patients after ME. The study protocol was developed according to the PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO before literature search, data extraction and analysis.

The "canine first technique" in maxillary impacted canines: analysis of the treatment duration and success of therapy.

Objectives: The goal of the study was to analyze the eruption time of the maxillary impacted canines treated with the "canine first technique" and evaluate the success rate.

Materials And Methods: A total of 103 patients with 131 impacted canines were treated. Alpha angle, Erickson-Kurol sectors, and age were studied to assess the difficulty of canine eruption.

Association between psychological traits and occlusal tactile acuity of healthy individuals.

Objectives: Tactile acuity is a somatosensory measure of the extent to which humans can discern tactile stimuli. It is influenced by how peripheral signals are processed centrally. In the oral cavity, Occlusal Tactile Acuity (OTA) is the ability to perceive minimal thicknesses between antagonist teeth.

Sex-difference of multifactorial intervention on cardiovascular and mortality risk in DKD: post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial.

Objective: Women with type 2 diabetes experience higher cardiovascular and mortality risk than men possibly because of a sub-optimal cardio-protective treatment. We evaluated whether an intensive multifactorial therapy (MT) produces similar protective effect on development of adverse outcomes in women and men.

Research Design And Methods: Nephropathy in Diabetes type 2 study is an open-label cluster randomized trial comparing the effect of Usual Care (UC) or MT of main cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg, HbA1c < 7%, LDL < 100 mg/dL, and total cholesterol < 175 mg/dL) on cardiovascular and mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.