Subaortic membrane in adult patients: retrospective study of clinical characteristics, outcomes, and echocardiographic associations and review of literature.

This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and echocardiographic associations of subaortic membranes in adult patients, providing insight into their multifactorial etiology and implications for management. The retrospective study involved identifying patients who underwent Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) in the past 10 years from June 2013 to June 2023 due to clinical suspicion of a subaortic membrane and received a confirmed diagnosis of subaortic membrane, either through TTE alone or a subsequent Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE). The demographics of the patients, including age at diagnosis, sex, and medical comorbidities such as aortic or mitral valve disease, hypertension, history of arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease, were included.

Post-myocardial Infarction Associated Ventricular Septal Defect in an Older Female.

Background: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a serious but uncommon complication that can develop 2 days to 2 weeks after a myocardial infarction (MI), particularly if percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is delayed.

Case Presentation: A 91-year-old woman with a history of coronary artery disease had undergone PCI in left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex artery (LCX) for a non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) 4 weeks prior at another facility, which was complicated by distal wire perforation leading to hemopericardium and the need for pericardiocentesis. She presented with chest pain, and her tests showed ST-segment elevation in leads I, aVL, V2-5, and ST-depression on III, avF, and high troponin levels which were concerning for stent thrombosis.

Inferior Wall STEMI in a Young Patient-A Sequela of Phentermine and Smoking.

Amphetamine use is associated with increasing rates of cardiovascular risks, such as pulmonary hypertension, arrhythmias, and atherosclerosis. A 47-year-old woman experienced an inferior MI after taking the weight loss drug phentermine. She presented with chest pain, shortness of breath, and vomiting.

Rheumatic Valve Disease Presenting As Mitral Stenosis and Regurgitation.

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) affects many people globally, with the majority of cases in low- and middle-income countries. The disease often leads to significant valve damage, requiring surgical intervention due to complications such as regurgitation or stenosis. Although new cases have declined in high-income countries due to improved control of rheumatic fever (RF), chronic RHD remains a concern.

Accelerated Ischemic Disease Presenting as Ventricular Fibrillation.

Introduction: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is often associated with underlying structural heart disease and occurs in a small percentage of acute myocardial infarction (MI) cases. Specific conditions such as complete coronary occlusion, anterior wall infarction, and pre-existing conditions like atrial fibrillation or congenital abnormalities increase the risk of VF. In this report, we present the case of a 64-year-old male with a history of hypertension, HIV, and opioid dependence who developed VF during stress testing despite having no prior structural heart disease.

Burden and predictors of mortality related to cardiogenic shock in the South Bronx Population.

Objectives: Cardiogenic shock is a significant economic burden on healthcare facilities and patients. The prevalence and outcome of cardiogenic shock in the South Bronx are unknown. The aim of the study was to examine the burden of non-AMI CS in Hispanic and Black population in South Bronx and characterize their in-hospital outcomes.

Correction: Stauffer Syndrome as the Initial Presentation of Advanced Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37663.

Dieulafoy's Lesion of the Duodenum: A Rare and Fatal Cause of Gastrointestinal Bleed.

Dieulafoy's lesion (DL) is an unusual cause of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding that can be fatal. It can occur in various parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, most commonly located in the stomach, especially at the level of lesser curvature; however, it can occur in other parts, including the colon, esophagus, and duodenum. A duodenal Dieulafoy lesion is characterized by the presence of a larger-caliber artery that protrudes through the GI mucosa and can lead to massive hemorrhage.

A Rare Case of Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is an autoimmune condition that is more common in females and occurs in the third decade of life. The condition is usually benign and self-resolving and is characterized by fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, night sweats, myalgia, and rashes. The disease can be misdiagnosed as reactive follicular hyperplasia, tuberculous lymphadenitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and malignant lymphoma.

Stauffer Syndrome as the Initial Presentation of Advanced Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Stauffer's syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome that has historically been associated with renal cell carcinoma. It is defined by the anicteric elevation of liver enzymes in the absence of liver metastasis, and the reversibility of clinical and biochemical changes upon treatment of the primary pathology. Here, we discuss the rare presentation of Stauffer's syndrome in a patient with advanced metastatic prostate cancer.

Postinfluenza Cardiac Tamponade: A Review of Published Case Reports.

Increased vaccination rates and better understanding of influenza virus infection and clinical presentation have improved the disease's overall prognosis. However, influenza can cause life-threatening complications such as cardiac tamponade, which has only been documented in case reports. We searched PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS and EMBASE through December 2021 and identified 25 case reports on echocardiographically confirmed cardiac tamponade in our review of influenza-associated cardiac tamponade.

A Rare Case of Reverse Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in a 28-Year-Old Female in Peripartum Period.

Reverse Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare variant of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in which ballooning occurs at the base of the heart rather than the apex, which is hyperkinetic. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is usually considered in postmenopausal women, but a growing number of cases of the reverse variant are emerging in peripartum women. We present a case of peripartum reverse Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a 23-year-old G1P0 female at 38 weeks gestation, induced by preeclampsia with severe features.

Association between right ventricular dysfunction and in-hospital mortality in surges of SARS-CoV-2 infection attributed to the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants.

Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in acute COVID-19 was reported to be associated with poor prognosis We studied the association between parameters of RV dysfunction and in-hospital mortality during the surges caused by different SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Methods: In a retrospective single-center study, we enrolled 648 consecutive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 [66 (10 %) hospitalized during the alpha variant surge, 433 (67 %) during the delta variant surge, and 149 (23 %), during the omicron variant surge]. Patients were reported from a hospital with an underreported population of mostly African American and Hispanic patients.

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Encephalopathy Induced by COVID-19 Infection.

Various factors can lead to thyroiditis, including any acute inflammatory process, especially viral illness. While coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been linked to disorders of various systems, there is a lack of literature showing an association of coronavirus with the cause of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Several possible mechanisms for this outcome have been proposed; chief among them is molecular mimicry.

Comparison of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes Among Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap, and Pickwickian Syndrome (Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome).

Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often present in coronary artery disease patients and confers a high risk of complications following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The impact of two commonly associated comorbid conditions, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS, Pickwickian syndrome) in OSA patients undergoing PCI has never been studied. Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS; 2007-2014) was queried using the International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification 9 (ICD-9-CM) codes to compare baseline characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes in adults undergoing PCI with OSA, COPD-overlap syndrome, and OSA+OHS.

Aortic valve myxoma-A systematic review of published cases.

Background: Aortic valve myxoma is the rarest location of the most common primary tumour of cardiac origin. Because of the paucity of data, there is little known about their clinical presentation, diagnosis and complications.

Methods: PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE were systematically searched to identify all published cases of aortic valve myxoma through October 2020.

Impact of alcohol use disorder on stroke risk in geriatric patients with prediabetes: A nationwide analysis.

Background: With rising trends of prediabetes in the geriatric population, we aim to assess the impact of alcohol use disorder (AUD) on the outcomes of patients with prediabetes.

Methods: Hospitalisations amongst the patients (≥65 years) with prediabetes were identified with a diagnosis of AUD and in-hospital stroke using the National Inpatient Sample database (2007-2014). We compared demographics, comorbidities, all-cause mortality, stroke rate and resource utilisation in the elderly prediabetes patients with vs without AUD.

Alarmingly Increased Public Interest in "Chest Pain" During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From Google Trends Analysis.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been linked to a myriad of cardiac symptoms and disorders. Reports also suggest decreased hospital visits by patients with known cardiovascular disorders. Methodology To better elucidate the public interest in the information regarding "chest pain" during the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a Google Trends analysis from March 2019 to March 2021 to compare the internet searches between pre-COVID era and during the pandemic with country-wise [the United States (US) versus the United Kingdom (UK) versus India] variation.

Portal Cholangiopathy: An Uncommon Cause of Right Upper Quadrant Pain.

Portal cholangiopathy is one of the complications of the chronic portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Chronic PVT can occur in a patient with acute PVT that usually does not resolve regardless of the treatment. There is a development of collateral blood vessels that bring blood from the portal system towards the liver around the obstruction area, known as the cavernous transformation of the portal vein or portal cavernoma, in a patient with chronic PVT.

Rising Trends in Medication Non-compliance and Associated Worsening Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Outcomes Among Hospitalized Adults Across the United States.

Introduction Small-scale studies have described concerning rates of non-compliance/nonadherence towards groups of medications for primary and secondary prevention. Trends in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (CCE) among hospitalized patients with a non-compliant behavior towards medication, on the whole, remains unexplored on a large scale. Methods Using the National Inpatient Sample databases (2007-2014), we sought to assess the prevalence and trends in all-cause mortality and CCE in adult patients hospitalized with medication non-compliance.