Feasibility of a Progesterone-Modified Natural Protocol for Frozen Embryo Transfer: Protocol for a Pilot Cohort Study.

Background: With the existence of various frozen embryo transfer (FET) methods currently used in the field of assisted reproductive technologies, the debate surrounding which of these is superior remains. All FET protocols aim to prime the endometrium and time embryo transfer during the window of implantation. Current methods include the true natural cycle FET (tNFET), modified natural cycle FET, artificial cycle FET, and ovulation induction.

Neonatal BCG Vaccination for Prevention of Allergy in Infants: The MIS BAIR Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: The beneficial off-target effects of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination potentially include protection against allergy.

Objective: In the MIS BAIR trial, we aimed to determine whether neonatal BCG vaccination reduces atopic sensitisation and clinical food allergy in infants.

Methods: In this randomised controlled trial, 1272 neonates were allocated to BCG-Denmark vaccine (0.

Randomized Trial of BCG Vaccine to Protect against Covid-19 in Health Care Workers.

Background: The bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has immunomodulatory "off-target" effects that have been hypothesized to protect against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19).

Methods: In this international, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned health care workers to receive the BCG-Denmark vaccine or saline placebo and followed them for 12 months. Symptomatic Covid-19 and severe Covid-19, the primary outcomes, were assessed at 6 months; the primary analyses involved the modified intention-to-treat population, which was restricted to participants with a negative test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at baseline.

Use of a paediatric advice line for parents of infants recruited to a randomised controlled trial.

Background: This study aims to describe the use of a paediatric advice line (PAL) provided to parents whose infants were recruited to a large randomised controlled trial (RCT), including the number and types of medical concerns addressed, seasonal variability and call outcomes. Additionally, sociodemographic characteristics of the parents and children of those parents who used the PAL are compared with those who did not.

Methods: Prospective cohort of 1246 children nested in the Melbourne Infant Study: BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (MIS BAIR) RCT.

Discordance Between Diagnosis Tools for Assessing Eczema in Infants: A Challenge for Intervention Trials.

Background: There is no standardized definition for infant eczema, and various tools have been used across studies, precluding direct comparison.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess and to compare the accuracy of diagnostic tools for infant eczema using the extensive data collected in Melbourne Infant Study: BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (MIS BAIR), an eczema prevention trial.

Methods: Eczema incidence was assessed by 3 questionnaire-based measures: modified UK diagnostic tool, parent-reported medically diagnosed eczema, and parent-reported use of topical corticosteroids.

BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in healthcare workers: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial (BRACE trial).

Introduction: BCG vaccination modulates immune responses to unrelated pathogens. This off-target effect could reduce the impact of emerging pathogens. As a readily available, inexpensive intervention that has a well-established safety profile, BCG is a good candidate for protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) and other vulnerable groups against COVID-19.

Prevention of infant eczema by neonatal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination: The MIS BAIR randomized controlled trial.

Background: Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine could play a role in counteracting the rising prevalence of atopic diseases, through its beneficial off-target effects. We aimed to determine whether neonatal BCG vaccination reduces the incidence of eczema in infants.

Methods: Randomized controlled trial with 1272 infants allocated to receive BCG-Denmark or no BCG at birth.

Neonatal Bacille Calmette-Guérin Vaccination and Infections in the First Year of Life: The MIS BAIR Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has beneficial off-target effects that may include protecting against non-mycobacterial infectious diseases. We aimed to determine whether neonatal BCG vaccination reduces lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in infants in the Melbourne Infant Study: BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (MIS BAIR) trial.

Methods: In this investigator-blinded trial, neonates in Australia were randomized to receive BCG-Denmark vaccination or no BCG at birth.

Study protocol for the Melbourne Infant Study: BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (MIS BAIR), a randomised controlled trial to determine the non-specific effects of neonatal BCG vaccination in a low-mortality setting.

Introduction: BCG vaccination reduces all-cause infant mortality in high-mortality settings by more than can be attributed to protection against tuberculosis. This is proposed to result from non-specific protection against non-vaccine targeted ('off-target') infections. There is also evidence that BCG protects against allergic diseases.

Normal foetal kidney volume in offspring of women treated for gestational diabetes.

Aims: The worldwide prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing. Studies in rodent models indicate that hyperglycaemia during pregnancy alters kidney development, yet few studies have examined if this is so in humans. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of treated GDM with foetal kidney size.