Occupational Therapy Telehealth Interventions Across Populations From 2019 to 2022: A Systematic Review.

Importance: The utilization of telehealth to deliver occupational therapy services and research focusing on the effectiveness of these interventions has increased since 2020.

Objective: To update systematic review findings since 2019 on the effectiveness of occupational therapy telehealth interventions for clients of all ages.

Data Sources: Data were gathered from PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and hand searching relevant literature.

Achieving Inter-Rater Agreement and Inter-Rater Reliability to Assess Fidelity of an Occupation-Based Coaching (OBC) Clinical Trial Intervention.

Introduction: Establishing inter-rater agreement and reliability ascertains that multiple raters consistently evaluate observed interventions to ensure that clinical research protocols are delivered as intended by the trial protocol.

Purpose: Using the Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies, we (a) exemplified the steps to establish inter-rater reliability and inter-rater agreement on the occupation-based coaching Video Evaluation Tool and (b) evaluated best practices that promoted high inter-rater reliability and inter-rater agreement between blinded raters prior to starting a pilot randomized controlled trial. The randomized controlled trial examined the preliminary effectiveness of occupation-based coaching via telehealth for rural families with children living with type 1 diabetes to improve family quality of life, participation, self-efficacy, and child health outcomes.

Telehealth Occupation-Based Coaching for Rural Parents of Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Importance: Because of the complexity of their child's diabetes management, parents often assume all care duties and report needing additional assistance to resume family routines.

Objective: To examine the preliminary efficacy of a telehealth occupation-based coaching intervention for rural parents of a child living with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) to improve child glycemic levels, family quality of life, and parental self-efficacy.

Design: Double-blinded, two-arm, pilot randomized controlled trial.

Telehealth Lifestyle Pilot Study for Improving Occupational Performance in Older Adults.

Occupation-centered lifestyle interventions improve health and delay age-related declines in older adults; however, little is known about the impact of a brief telehealth lifestyle program delivered individually. This pilot investigated the Holistic Occupational Performance Empowerment (HOPE) program on occupational performance and health-related quality of life. Twelve community-dwelling older adults completed six weekly lifestyle sessions to enhance behavior change toward individualized health goals.

Rural Caregiver Perceptions on the Content and Receipt of a Diabetes Management Telehealth Occupation-Based Coaching Intervention.

Background: Type 1 diabetes management for young children requires caregiver involvement to prevent serious health complications.

Objectives: Explore the lived experience of rural caregivers' health management routines and perceptions of an occupation-based coaching (OBC) intervention.

Methodology: Following a 12-week, OBC telehealth intervention designed to promote diabetes management and caregiver psychosocial well-being, researchers interviewed eight rural caregivers to explore their perceived quality of life utilizing a phenomenological approach.

The Effectiveness of Upper Extremity Orthotic Interventions on Performance Skills and Performance of Occupations for Adults after Stroke: A Scoping Review.

The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of upper extremity orthoses on improving performance skills and performance of occupations after stroke. Databases searched included CINAHL, PubMed, and OT Seeker. Articles were included if published between 2012 to 2022, English, peer-reviewed, level of evidence IB, IIB, or IIIB, and included upper extremity orthoses, adults after a stroke, and performance skill and performance of occupation outcome measures; six studies meet inclusion criteria.

Telehealth Interventions Within the Scope of Occupational Therapy Practice: A Systematic Review.

Importance: With the increasing use of telehealth, it is imperative to synthesize the existing evidence to examine the effectiveness of telehealth interventions and inform practitioners and reimbursement entities.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of telehealth occupational therapy interventions across the lifespan, delivered either independently or as part of an interdisciplinary team.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, SAGE, PsycInfo, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, OTseeker, and OT Search and hand searches of systematic reviews, relevant journals, and known occupational therapy telehealth research.

Psychosocial factors addressed by occupational therapists in hand therapy: A mixed-methods study.

Background: Occupational therapists address occupations, performance skills, and client factors that interfere with the successful occupational engagement in everyday activities, including psychosocial factors. However, due to the biomechanical model focus within hand therapy clinics, provision of a holistic care plan remains challenging for occupational therapists. If a client's psychosocial functioning is not addressed, progress toward a full recovery may be limited.

Type 1 Diabetes Management and Health Care Experiences Across Rural Nebraska.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the unique health care needs of rural Nebraska families with a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Method: Using a phenomenological approach, the researchers conducted four focus groups across Nebraska. The focus groups gathered input from children, caregivers, and health care providers (n = 23).

Non-physical factors that impact return to work in individuals with upper extremity injuries: A scoping review.

Background: Upper extremity injuries may prevent adults from returning to work, impacting productivity, and engagement in meaningful employment.

Objective: The scoping review identified various non-physical factors that impact return to work (RTW) after an upper extremity injury.

Methods: Database searches included: CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

Return-to-Activity: Exploration of Occupational Therapy in Outpatient Adult Concussion Rehabilitation.

Literature is sparse related to how occupational therapy advances symptom management and role-activity resumption after concussion. We aim to describe the occupational therapy process of evaluation and intervention for adults with a history of concussion(s) and persisting symptoms. The qualitative descriptive study used focus groups of expert occupational therapy practitioners across practice settings.

A Descriptive Study of the Quality of Life and Burden of Mothers of Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

The purpose of this cross-sectional survey was to examine the quality of life and level of burden experienced by mothers of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (n = 199). Data was collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Zarit Burden Interview Scale (ZBIS), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) instruments. A simple descriptive analysis was conducted, and the Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to determine the correlation among variables.

Fidelity Protocol Development for a Telehealth Type 1 Diabetes Occupation-Based Coaching Intervention.

Preserving fidelity ascertains that the intervention is delivered as intended in occupational therapy (OT) contexts. The process of conceptualizing and developing fidelity standards, however, is seldom documented in the existing literature. The purpose of this methodological description paper was to (a) describe the process of generating a comprehensive fidelity plan based on the National Institutes of Health Behavioral Change Consortium's five-domain fidelity framework and (b) evaluate the development process and utility of the end product, the Occupation-Based Coaching (OBC) Fidelity Protocol.

Unpaid Caregiving and Aging in Place in the United States: Advancing the Value of Occupational Therapy.

Unpaid caregivers are often expected to help family members or friends overcome activity limitations and participation restrictions to successfully age in place. Caregivers assume multiple responsibilities, such as managing their own physical and psychosocial needs and navigating a complex health care system, and many feel ill equipped to fulfill the necessary health care responsibilities for their care recipients. Underprepared caregivers may cause poor outcomes for care recipients.

Stimulating Research to Enhance Aging in Place.

Older adults may benefit from interventions to successfully age in place. Research has an opportunity to test interventions and implementation strategies to fulfill the needs of older adults through collective evidence building. The purpose of this article is to describe the proceedings of the American Occupational Therapy Foundation (AOTF) 2019 Planning Grant Collective and describe the areas of research that were identified as critical.

Educational Practices for Providers of Trauma-Informed Care: A Scoping Review.

Background: As more is learned about trauma and the ways in which trauma informed care (TIC) is provided, it is important to explore the education and training offered to those individuals who provide TIC.

Purpose: This scoping review examined training provided to individuals who interact with persons aged birth to 21 years old who have experienced or are experiencing trauma.

Method: The researchers searched six databases and identified 16 peer-reviewed articles in the areas of medicine/nursing, social work, and education published from 2012 to 2019 that met inclusion criteria.

Prediction of Falls in Acute Care Using The Morse Fall Risk Scale.

The high number of patient falls occurring within acute care hospitals throughout the United States has led to increased patient impairment and contributed to rising healthcare costs. The is a commonly used assessment tool for prediction of a patient's potential for experiencing a fall while in a healthcare facility. This retrospective study reviewed the use of the in a 300+ bed acute care hospital setting to determine adequacy for patient fall predictions over a four-month period.

Stretching and Splinting Interventions for Poststroke Spasticity, Hand Function, and Functional Tasks: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Spasticity is one of the most common and disabling motor impairments after stroke.

Objective: To examine the evidence for the effectiveness of stretching interventions, including splinting, on reducing upper extremity spasticity, increasing hand function, and improving functional tasks for adults with poststroke spasticity.

Data Sources: Databases searched were MEDLINE, CINAHL, OTseeker, AgeLine, and the Cochrane Library; results were limited to studies published from 2004 to January 2017.

Occupational therapists' perspectives on binocular diplopia in neurorehabilitation: A national survey.

Background: Oculomotor dysfunction affects a significant number of adults with neurological conditions and binocular diplopia is a common symptom which impacts an individual's ability to participate in meaningful daily activities. Occupational therapists use partial and complete occlusion to minimize binocular diplopia, however a review of the literature reflected a lack of standardized protocol for each intervention technique. The purpose of this study was to examine occupational therapists' perspectives on the use of partial and complete occlusion and the clinical reasoning process used.