Fast-track knee arthroplasty: Enhancing care quality, recovery, satisfaction and reducing complications-Time for routine use.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has significantly enhanced the lives of patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis by providing pain relief, restoring physical activity, and improving overall quality of life. Historically, dissatisfaction rates have remained around 20%, but recent studies show an improvement, with a decrease of 10%. Advancements in alignment philosophies, assistive technologies, custom implants, and artificial intelligence are rising.

Applied anatomy of accessory tendons of extensor hallucis longus muscle and hallux valgus deformity: a cadaveric and radiologic study.

Introduction: The accessory tendon of the extensor hallucis longus (ATEHL) represents a common anatomical variant. However, the role of ATEHL in the etiology of hallux valgus (HV) has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine the incidence and morphology of the ATEHL in cadavers and examine its possible correlation with the HV deformity presence and the relevant angular measurements of the feet.

A modified technique for mechanical isolation of stromal vascular fraction yields increased final product volume and high viable nucleated cells count.

Purpose: Purpose of the present study is to report a modified protocol for stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolation from abdominal fat, analyse its cellular composition and gene expression profile, and verify the safety and feasibility of the harvesting-preparation technique and subsequent intra-articular knee injection.

Methods: The SVF was obtained after mechanical dissociation of the autologous harvested adipose tissue. It was combined with autologous platelet-rich plasma and subsequently intra-articularly injected into both knees of patients with osteoarthritis.

Molecular diagnostics for perioperative microbial identification in periprosthetic joint infection: A scoping review and proposal of a diagnostic flow chart.

Purpose: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) are among the most feared complications of joint reconstruction. Unfortunately, traditional cultures often fail to identify the aetiological agents of PJI. Molecular diagnostics can overcome the limitations of standard synovial fluid culture by utilising information from DNA/RNA samples to identify microbial species.

Lazarus Sign, a Misnomer to an Anatomical Spinal Reflex.

The Lazarus sign is a well-documented spinal reflex observed in brain-dead patients, characterized by involuntary upper limb movements that can resemble voluntary gestures. Initially described during the 1980s, this phenomenon has contributed to ongoing discussions about the physiological basis of spinal reflexes and their role in assessing brain death. The Lazarus sign was once considered a diagnostic challenge, but recent research reports confirm that it originates solely from the spinal cord, independent of brainstem or cortical activity.

ChatGPT efficacy for answering musculoskeletal anatomy questions: a study evaluating quality and consistency between raters and timepoints.

Purpose: There is increasing interest in the use of digital platforms such as ChatGPT for anatomy education. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of ChatGPT in providing accurate and consistent responses to questions focusing on musculoskeletal anatomy across various time points (hours and days).

Methods: A selection of 6 Anatomy-related questions were asked to ChatGPT 3.

Variability in the projection level of the vertebra prominens: a cadaveric study.

The 7th cervical vertebra (C7) is described as having the most prominent spinous process (SP) and is characterized as the "vertebra prominens" (VP) of the cervical spine in anatomy textbooks. The VP is an important anatomical landmark of the neck for clinical examination and therapeutic intervention. The present study identifies the level of the most prominent SP of the cervical and uppermost thoracic vertebrae in a cadaveric cohort.

Hypertrophied medial parapatellar plica: a case of a medial plica anatomical variation with insertion to the inter-meniscal ligament in an adolescent athlete treated arthroscopically.

Purpose: The present study aims to report the arthroscopic, radiological and clinical appearance of a rare anatomical variation of a hypertrophied medial parapatellar plica with its response to arthroscopic treatment.

Case Presentation: A 14-year-old female handball athlete presented with a history of left knee injury during her participation in a handball training session and subsequent locked knee at 20º flexion. Tenderness was located at the medial joint line.

A biceps-bicaudatus sartorius muscle: dissection of a variant with possible clinical implications.

The current cadaveric report describes an unusual morphology of the sartorius muscle (SM), the biceps-bicaudatus variant. The SM had two (lateral and medial) heads, with distinct tendinous origins from the anterior superior iliac spine. The lateral head was further split into a lateral and a medial bundle.

Anthropometric measurements of the foot cannot predict the screw diameter for fifth metatarsal fractures intramedullary fixation.

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of anthropometric foot measurements in predicting the diameter of the intramedullary screw for fifth metatarsal fracture fixation. Secondary aim was to identify whether the fifth metatarsal intramedullary canal diameter is correlated to the fifth metatarsal length and the foot dimensions.

Methods: In 29 cadaveric feet, the maximum length of the plantar surface of the foot (PL) and the perimeter of the foot at the level of the fifth metatarsal base (PBFM) were measured using a measuring tape.

A Giant Lipoma in the Distal Forearm of a Cadaver.

Objective: Lipomas are very common tumors which usually prefer the upper limbs and, depending on their size, may cause nerve compression, or may be asymptomatic. The current cadaveric report describes a giant lipoma in the distal forearm area.

Case Report: A large mass (5.

Physical Activity Level Alterations Due to the Lockdowns: A Multi-Center Greek University-Based Study.

Objective: This cross-sectional study determines the impact of the pandemic lockdowns on physical activity, and evaluates the factors associated with physical activity cessation on students and personnel of eight Greek Higher Education Institutions.

Materials And Methods: A total of 6,380 volunteer participants completed a survey reporting their physical activity levels and perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was made available through an online platform.

The Coexistence of the Superficial Brachial Artery With the Common Origin of the Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery and the Deep Brachial Artery.

The brachial artery (ΒΑ) represents the axillary artery's extension as it distally progresses to the teres major muscle or beneath the tendon of the latissimus dorsi muscle. Throughout its course, the BA maintains continuous proximity to the median nerve. Occasionally, an artery located in front of the arm muscles may exhibit a slightly more lateral position than the BA, following a convoluted path, referred to as the superficial brachial artery (SBA).

The Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee Is a Nonisometric Thin Ligament With High Prevalence and Almost Constant Attachment to the Lateral Meniscus: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To provide comprehensive information about the anterolateral ligament (ALL) prevalence, morphometry, isometry, insertions, histology, and its relationship with the lateral meniscus (LM).

Methods: The study was performed, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligible cadaveric studies investigating the frequency of the ALL presence, and anatomical features were identified through an online search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central databases from inception to June 2022.

Mesenchymal stem cell implantation provides short-term clinical improvement and satisfactory cartilage restoration in patients with knee osteoarthritis but the evidence is limited: a systematic review performed by the early-osteoarthritis group of ESSKA-European knee associates section.

Purpose: Implantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a potential cell-based modality for cartilage repair. Currently, its clinical use largely surrounds focal cartilage defect repair and intra-articular injections in knee osteoarthritis. The MSCs' implantation efficacy as a treatment option for osteoarthritis remains contentious.

The potential role of ChatGPT and artificial intelligence in anatomy education: a conversation with ChatGPT.

Purpose: A recent study published in the JMIR Med Educ Journal explored the potential impact of the Generative Pre-Train (ChatGPT), a generative language model, on medical education, research, and practice. In the present study, an interview with ChatGPT was conducted to determine its capabilities and potential for use in anatomy education (AE) and anatomy research (AR).

Methods: The study involved 18 questions asked of ChatGPT after obtaining an online subscription to the 4th edition.

A morphological study on the sphenoid bone ligaments' ossification pattern.

Purpose: The sphenoid bone (SB) extracranial ligaments (ECRLs) are the pterygoalar and pterygospinous ligaments (PTAL and PTSL) that are located at the SB lateral pterygoid plate, and inferior to the foramen ovale (FO). Their ossification may affect the mandibular nerve's distribution. The intracranial ligaments' (ICRLs) ossification (the caroticoclinoid ligament-CCLL, the anterior and posterior interclinoid ligaments-AICLL and PICLL) may impede the approaches to the sella.

Manual and Device-Assisted Hamstring Autograft Tensioning Yield Similar Outcomes following ACL Reconstruction.

Unlabelled: The optimal initial graft tension during ACL reconstruction is still a matter of debate. Manual tension is commonly applied to the graft during tibial fixation. However, this has been associated with a greater graft failure rate than that associated with device-assisted tensioning.

Muscle interconnections in the anterior and posterior arm compartment: a cadaveric case series with possible clinical implications.

Purpose: The report describes four cases of accessory bundles (ABs) or fibers connecting the muscles of the anterior with the posterior arm compartment. The ABs morphology (pure muscular or musculofascial or musculoaponeurotic) is described emphasizing their attachment points, characterized as muscles' interconnections.

Materials And Methods: Four formalin-embalmed donated male cadavers were dissected.

Median artery persistence in coexistence with a bifid median nerve and interconnections of the median with the ulnar nerve and vice versa.

Purpose: This report describes a bilateral persistent median artery (PMA) originating from the ulnar artery and terminating at different levels of the upper limb. The PMA coexisted with a bilateral bifid median nerve (MN) and two bilateral interconnections (ICs characterized with the symbol -) of the MN with the ulnar nerve (UN) (MN-UN) and a unilateral reverse IC (UN-MN). Emphasis was given to the artery's developmental background.

ESSKA and EBJIS recommendations for the management of infections after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R): prevention, surgical treatment and rehabilitation.

Purpose: Infection after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) is a rare but severe complication. Despite an increase in articles published on this topic over the last decade, solid data to optimized diagnostic and therapeutic measures are scarce. For this reason, the European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) and the European Society for Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy (ESSKA) collaborated in order to develop recommendations for the diagnosis and management of infections after ACL-R.

An unusual combination of a bilateral aberrant suprascapular artery with neurovascular structures variants.

Purpose: The report describes a bilateral suprascapular artery (SPSA) of atypical origin in coexistence with neurovascular aberrant structures.

Methods: The variants were identified in a 91-year-old formalin-embalmed male cadaver, derived from a body donation program after a signed informed consent.

Results: The left-sided SPSA emanated from the 1st part of the axillary artery, coursed between the brachial plexus lateral and medial cords, accompanied by the suprascapular nerve, and passed below the superior transverse scapular ligament.

The axillary artery high bifurcation: coexisting variants and clinical significance.

Several branching patterns of the axillary artery (AA) have been described. Unusually, the brachial artery (BA) follows a course in front of the median nerve (MN), the so-called superficial brachial artery (SBA). The SBA may result in MN entrapment.

A Hypertrophic Anterior Scalene Muscle and the Passage of a Subclavian Artery Through its Fibres: The Location of Possible Entrapment.

Objective: The presence of cervical ribs, 1st rib anomalies, cervical muscle hypertrophy and repetitive motion are possible aetiologies of subclavian artery (SCA) entrapment and/or compression. Thoracic outlet syndrome of the arterial type may appear with symptoms of hand pain due to the aneurismal part of the compressed SCA. The current cadaveric case describes a hypertrophic right-sided anterior scalene muscle (ASM) and the possible entrapment of the right SCA (RSCA) passing through its fibres.