A Rare Case of Meningitis Caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus in an Immunocompetent Young Adult.

Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening condition that is mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitis. Although Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (Sgp) is also known to cause meningitis, its frequency is quite low, especially in adults.

Successful Treatment of a Case of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Bacteremia by Antimicrobial Stewardship Team Intervention and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring-Based Amikacin Treatment.

An 80-year-old woman underwent pancreatoduodenectomy. Post-operation, she experienced a fever, and a culture of blood revealed metallo-beta-lactamase-producing For treatments with aminoglycoside antimicrobial agents, a therapeutic drug monitoring-based dosing design can lower the risk of adverse events and enable appropriate treatment. .

Multiple Cranial Neuropathies Similar to Orbital Apex Syndrome Associated with Pembrolizumab: A Case Report.

Neurotoxicity is one of the more serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs) linked to immune checkpoint inhibitors and calls for prompt diagnosis and treatment. We describe a case of posttreatment anti-programmed death-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab-induced oculomotor, optic, and trigeminal neuropathy in an 84-year-old female patient with recurrent pulmonary adenocarcinoma. After she received 13 cycles of pembrolizumab, she experienced hyponatremia, anorexia, and right ptosis.

A Case of Persistent Bacteremia Responding to a Combination of Vancomycin and Gentamicin.

A 56-year-old woman with a history of connective tissue disease developed fever, and () was detected in blood cultures. Therefore, treatment with vancomycin (VCM) was initiated. Since her blood cultures persistently detected despite peripheral intravenous catheter replacement and VCM treatment, concomitant treatment with gentamicin (GM) was started.

Aseptic Meningitis-retention Syndrome Associated with Tocilizumab in a Patient with Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease.

This is the first report of tocilizumab-associated meningitis-retention syndrome in a patient with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease. A 57-year-old man presented with headache, nuchal rigidity, impaired consciousness, pyramidal tract signs and urinary retention. A cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed increased cell counts and protein levels.

[A 64-year-old male with recurrence of herpes simplex encephalitis after suffering from severe pneumonia and sepsis].

The case is a 64-year-old male who had a past history of herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSE) two years prior to his admission. He was admitted to our hospital due to severe pneumonia and sepsis. Several days later, he developed HSE again.

[Treatable Dementia due to Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency].

Vitamin deficiency is one of the major causes of treatable dementia. Specifically, patients suffering from dementia frequentry display low serum levels of vitamin B(12). There is a close metabolic interaction between folate and vitamin B(12).

[Group B streptococcus meningitis and infection surrounding the spinal canal caused by bacterial transmission from rectal ulcer via Batson's plexus].

A 62-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever and disturbed consciousness. He suffered from persistent constipation due to diabetic autonomic neuropathy. On admission, neck stiffness and weakness of the lower extremities were observed.

[Intravascular lymphomatosis manifesting clinically as subacute encephalopathy].

We report a 62-year-old woman with intravascular lymphomatosis (IVL) which presented as subacute encephalopathy. She was admitted to our hospital because of loss of consciousness in the middle of February, 2006. Laboratory tests indicated elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and cerebrospinal fluid protein.

[Case of acute primary HIV infection with menigoencephalitis demonstrating high signal intensity of the bilateral globus pallidus in T2-weighted MRI].

A slightly obtunded 59-year-old man admitted for headache and consciousness disturbance after two weeks of fever, sore throat, and general malaise. His cerebrospinal fluid showed a slight increase in the white cell count and protein content. T2-weighted MRI demonstrated high signal intensity of the bilateral globus pallidus.

[A case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) associated with peripheral neuropathy].

A 17-year-old boy with high fever, headache, and neck stiffness was admitted to our hospital. Spinal fluid showed a protein level of 215 mg/dL with myelin basic protein (579 pg/mL), 347/ microl cells (330 mononuclear cells), and a glucose level of 53 mg/dL. One week later, urinary retention, flaccid paraplegia, and sensory disturbance below the 10th thoracic level developed.

A novel GTPase, CRAG, mediates promyelocytic leukemia protein-associated nuclear body formation and degradation of expanded polyglutamine protein.

Polyglutamine diseases are inherited neurodegenerative diseases caused by the expanded polyglutamine proteins (polyQs). We have identified a novel guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) named CRAG that contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequence and forms nuclear inclusions in response to stress. After ultraviolet irradiation, CRAG interacted with and induced an enlarged ring-like structure of promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) body in a GTPase-dependent manner.

Ectoine alters subcellular localization of inclusions and reduces apoptotic cell death induced by the truncated Machado-Joseph disease gene product with an expanded polyglutamine stretch.

Protein misfolding is considered a key event in the pathogenesis of polyglutamine disease such as Machado-Joseph disease (MJD). Overexpression of chaperone proteins and the application of chemical chaperones are reported to suppress polyglutamine induced cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. The effects of compatible solutes, which are osmoprotectants in bacteria and possess the action in stabilizing proteins under stress, have not, to our knowledge, been studied.

Early vestibular dysfunction in Machado-Joseph disease detected by caloric test.

The selective vulnerability of distinct neuronal structures is a major feature of Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also known as spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3). Vestibular dysfunction is known to be a symptom of MJD, but little is known about precisely when the vestibular system becomes impaired. Using a caloric test, we evaluated vestibular function in 2 MJD patients.

Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates differential atrophy of pontine base and tegmentum in Machado-Joseph disease.

The pons is one of the brain areas demonstrating selective degeneration in Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), which is caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine stretch in the protein called ataxin-3. Although the resultant pontine atrophy is readily recognized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the features and natural process of atrophy are not fully understood. To characterize them, we analyzed the midsagittal images of the pons obtained by MRI.

Chemical chaperones reduce aggregate formation and cell death caused by the truncated Machado-Joseph disease gene product with an expanded polyglutamine stretch.

Machado-Joseph disease/spinocerebellar ataxia-3 (MJD/SCA-3) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by expansion of the polyglutamine stretch in the MJD gene-encoded protein ataxin-3. The truncated form of mutated ataxin-3 causes aggregation and cell death in vitro and in vivo. Abnormal conformation and misfolding of the pathological protein are assumed critical to pathogenesis.

Compound heterozygosity with two novel mutations in the HEXB gene produces adult Sandhoff disease presenting as a motor neuron disease phenotype.

Little information is available on molecular defects involved in adult Sandhoff disease presenting as motor neuron disease phenotype. We studied enzyme activities of beta-hexosaminidase (Hex) and the HEXB gene encoding the beta-subunit of Hex in a family of the Japanese case. Enzyme assay with 4-methylumbelliferyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside revealed a reduction in Hex A and B activity in proband's leukocytes.