Overexpression of Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells (NFAT) Transcription Factors Drives Chemoresistance and Poor Outcomes in Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies with high recurrence and poor survival (5-year survival rate: approximately 10%) despite curative resection. Identifying molecular drivers of PDAC recurrence remains a significant challenge. PDAC is characterized by dense stromal hyperplasia that may influence tumor cell-specific gene expression.

Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Predicts Prognosis in Older Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern, with older patients often experiencing malnutrition, which affects treatment outcomes. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a simple tool for assessing the nutritional status in older adults. This study evaluated the association between the preoperative GNRI and long-term prognosis in elderly patients with CRC.

Management of Chemotherapy-induced Oral Mucositis in Gastrointestinal Malignancies: Evidence From Randomized Controlled Trails.

Chemotherapy is a key treatment modality for resectable and unresectable gastrointestinal malignancies. Although systemic chemotherapy has clinical benefits, patients with gastrointestinal malignancies experience chemotherapy-related hematological and nonhematological adverse events. Among the various adverse events, chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (COM) is a common adverse event associated with chemotherapy used for gastrointestinal malignancies.

The C-reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio (CAR) Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Recurrence in Patients With Esophageal Cancer After Esophagectomy.

Background/aim: The C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) is a promising prognostic factor in various malignancies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between CAR and unresectable esophageal cancer, and to clarify the role of CAR as a prognostic factor in patients with unresectable esophageal cancer.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and collected data from consecutive patients with recurrent EC who received any treatment (including best supportive care) after recurrence at Yokohama City University from 2005 to 2022.

Clinical Significance of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in the Evaluation of Outcomes of Patients After Radical Gastrectomy.

Background/aim: The clinical evaluation of the GNRI in nutritional status management has been reported in several malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the GNRI and clinical outcomes in postoperative patients who underwent radical gastrectomy.

Patients And Methods: Clinical data of 940 gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy at Kanagawa Cancer Center from 2013 to 2020 were retrospectively collected and divided into a high-GNRI group (≥98) and a low-GNRI group (<98) according to the GNRI.

The Usefulness of the Modified Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (mALI) as a Prognostic Factor in Patients With Esophageal Cancer who Have Undergone Curative Resection.

Background/aim: In several previous studies, the modified advanced lung cancer inflammation index (mALI) has been reported to be a useful prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer. This study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between mALI and the oncological prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer (EC) who underwent curative treatment and to clarify the underlying mechanism.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively followed up patients who underwent curative resection of esophageal cancer at Yokohama City University between 2000 and 2020 and extracted clinical data from their medical records.

The Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII) Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Patients With Recurrent Esophageal Cancer After Esophagectomy.

Background/aim: The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been developed and reported to be a useful prognostic factor in various malignancies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of the SII as a prognostic factor for esophageal cancer recurrence after esophagectomy.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and collected data from consecutive patients with recurrent EC who received any treatment after recurrence at Yokohama City University from 2005 to 2022.

Mobile and Wireless Technologies for Gastrointestinal Cancer Treatment.

Rapid technological developments and numerous mobile and wireless technologies for cancer treatment have been developed and tested for various diseases. Wearable digital therapeutics have emerged as useful tools for managing the clinical course of cancer and improving the quality of life and physical performance of cancer survivors. Mobile and wireless technologies have been shown to be effective in cancer-related pain management, dietary management after cancer surgery, and cancer surveillance management after treatment.

[Successful Chemotherapy with Mechanical Ventilation Support in a Patient with Esophageal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma-A Case Report].

A 61-year-old female presented with dyspnea. CT scan revealed an esophageal tumor with airway stenosis, and she was referred to our hospital. During endoscopy, oxygen desaturation necessitated emergency endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation.

Analysis of Early Progression in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab.

Background/aim: Lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) is a useful biomarker for predicting the prognosis of various cancers. This study examined the effect of LCR on the oncological prognosis of patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative resection at our institution and considered the mechanisms involved.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 258 subjects were selected from the medical records of patients who underwent curative resection for gastric cancer at Yokohama City University between 2005 and 2020.

Modified Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Gastric Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: Body composition changes and nutritional status affect the oncological outcomes in various malignancies. Modified advanced lung cancer inflammation index (mALI) evaluates both body composition changes and nutritional status. Herein, we aimed to examine the potential of mALI as a biomarker for gastric cancer (GC).

Preoperative Anemia Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Esophageal Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical impact of anemia during the perioperative period on both short- and long-term oncological outcomes in patients with resectable esophageal cancer who received curative treatment.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and collected data from consecutive patients with esophageal cancer who underwent curative resection at Yokohama City University from 2005 to 2022.

Results: A total of 198 patients were included in this study.

A multicenter randomized open-label phase 2 study investigating optimal antiemetic therapy for patients with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan: the EN-hance study.

Background: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has been approved for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive gastric cancer and other indications in several countries and is considered moderately or highly emetogenic. The management of nausea and vomiting associated with T-DXd treatment has not been fully evaluated and the effectiveness of conventional prophylaxis remains unknown.

Methods: This open-label, randomized, multicenter, phase 2 study aimed to investigate the optimal antiemetic therapy for Japanese patients with gastric cancer undergoing T-DXd treatment.

Adjuvant Treatment for Resectable Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgical resection, such as pancreatoduodenectomy or distal pancreatectomy, is the standard curative treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer. So far, several studies suggested that management of micro metastasis is one of the approaches to improve pancreatic cancer patients.

The CONUT Score Can Predict the Prognosis of Gastric Cancer Patients After Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: Malnutrition is a reported prognostic factor in patients with cancer. The controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, an index calculated from routine laboratory tests, is correlated with the prognosis of various cancers. This study examined the relationship between the CONUT score and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC) after radical gastrectomy.

The Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte and Platelet (HALP) Score as an Independent Prognostic Factor for Esophageal Cancer Patients who Received Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Prognostic factors that may be used in the treatment and management of EC are important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score on the long-term oncological prognosis of patients with EC who have undergone curative treatment.

The Global Immune-Nutrition-Information Index (GINI) Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Esophageal Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of the Global Immune-Nutrition-Information Index (GINI) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) who received curative treatment and to clarify the potential of the GINI as a prognostic factor.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent curative resection for EC at Yokohama City University between 2000 and 2020 were consecutively chosen based on their medical records. The GINI was defined as follows: GINI=[C-reactive protein×platelet×monocyte×neutrophil]/[albumin×lymphocyte].

Prognostic nutritional index is an independent risk factor for continuing S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection.

Purpose: Reports on the association of perioperative nutritional and inflammatory status with the clinical course of adjuvant chemotherapy did not include neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We aimed to clarify the mechanism by which perioperative nutritional and inflammatory status affect the clinical course of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Methods: We enrolled 123 patients with pancreatic cancer retrospectively who underwent surgical resection with neoadjuvant and S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy between January 2013 and December 2022.

[A Case of Upper Gastrointestinal Perforation during Treatment with Regorafenib for Recurrent Rectal Cancer].

A 58-year-old man was treated with radical excision for rectal cancer. Pathological findings were pT3N1M0, Stage ⅢB, RAS: mutant, BRAF: mutant, MSS. The patient was followed up without adjuvant chemotherapy.

A case of esophageal cancer in a diverticulum treated by surgical resection: a case report.

Background: An esophageal diverticulum is a relatively rare disease, with reports of treatment for esophageal cancer in the diverticulum even rarer.

Case Presentation: The case involved a 72-year-old male with a chief complaint of dysphagia. He was diagnosed with an esophageal diverticulum (Zenker's diverticulum) measuring 10 cm in diameter.

Risk Factors for Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction After Liver Cancer Surgery.

Background/aim: Although the frequency of small bowel obstructions after liver surgery is generally considered low, previous studies have followed-up patients for less than a year, thus the incidence of small bowel obstructions several years after surgery is unknown. Furthermore, the rise in laparoscopic surgeries and the use of adhesion prevention materials may influence the occurrence of small bowel obstructions. This  study aimed to assess the incidence of small bowel obstructions within a five-year period following liver surgery and identify the associated risk factors.

Inflammatory Burden Index Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Esophageal Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: We hypothesized that the inflammatory burden index (IBI) is a promising biomarker for esophageal cancer (EC) treatment and management. To confirm our hypothesis, we evaluated the prognostic impact of IBI in patients with EC who received curative treatment.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records and collected data from consecutive patients with EC who underwent curative resection at Yokohama City University between 2005 and 2020.