Prevalence and determinants of faecal carriage of carbapenem- and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales: a cross-sectional household survey in northern Vietnam.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a silent pandemic causing 1.27 million deaths in 2019, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries, but resistance among commensal microbiota and the determinants of carriage have not been widely reported. This cross-sectional household study aimed to determine the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant (CRE) and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterale (C3GRE) in a rural community in Ha Nam northern Vietnam, as well as the socio-demographic, behavioural, and environmental determinants of carriage.

Prevalence and determinants of nasal carriage of penicillin non-susceptible : a cross-sectional household survey in northern Vietnam.

Background: Beta-lactams remain the first-line treatment of infections despite the increasing global prevalence of penicillin-resistant/non-susceptible strains. We conducted a cross-sectional household survey in a rural community in northern Vietnam in 2018-2019 to provide prevalence estimates of penicillin non-susceptible (PNSP) carriage and to investigate behavioural and environmental factors associated with PNSP colonization. The data presented will inform the design of a large trial of population-based interventions targeting inappropriate antibiotic use.

Achieving Excellent H Evolution Activity of Silver Nanocatalyst by a Simple Electrochemical Treatment Process.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized in an aqueous solution via the reduction of AgNO employing citrate reducing agent. The resultant AgNPs were first assayed for the catalytic H evolution in an acidic electrolyte, namely pH 0.3 HSO solution, showing negligible activity.

Essential oil of the leaves of L.: chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic properties.

This study is focused on investigating the chemical composition and bioactive properties of the essential oil extracted from L., a plant species known for its medicinal properties. Utilising gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, the essential oil from was found to contain 53 distinct constituents.

Polythiophene-wrapped Chitosan Nanofibrils with a Bouligand Structure toward Electrochemical Macroscopic Membranes.

Exploring structural biomimicry is a great opportunity to replicate hierarchical frameworks inspired by nature in advanced functional materials for boosting new applications. In this work, we present the biomimetic integration of polythiophene into chitosan nanofibrils in a twisted Bouligand structure to afford free-standing macroscopic composite membranes with electrochemical functionality. By considering the integrity of the Bouligand structure in crab shells, we can produce large, free-standing chitosan nanofibril membranes with iridescent colors and flexible toughness.

Feasibility, acceptability, and bacterial recovery for community-based sample collection to estimate antibiotic resistance in commensal gut and upper respiratory tract bacteria.

Vietnam has high rates of antibiotic use and resistance. Measuring resistance in commensal bacteria could provide an objective indicator for evaluating the impact of interventions to reduce antibiotic use and resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and bacterial recovery for different sampling strategies.

Case report of mild TCIRG1-associated autosomal recessive osteopetrosis in Vietnam.

Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO) is a group of disease characterized by osteoclast dysfunction inhibiting bone resorption and bone turnover, with TCIRG1-associated ARO being more common leading to autosomal recessive infantile malignant osteopetrosis (OPTB1, MIM entry number # 259700). While most patients with TCIRG1-associated osteopetrosis present a malignant clinical course and shortened lifespan, a few cases of non-malignant TCIRG1-associated osteopetrosis have been reported. 24-year-old female patient came to us with limp gait, hip pain in both sides, and severe stiffness.

Highly porous Co-doped NiO nanorods: facile hydrothermal synthesis and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution properties.

Highly porous 3d transition metal oxide nanostructures are opening up the exciting area of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in alkaline medium thanks to their good thermal and chemical stability, excellent physiochemical properties, high specific surface area and abundant nanopores. In this paper, highly porous Co-doped NiO nanorods were successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. The porous rod-like nanostructures were preserved with the added cobalt dopant ranging from 1 to 5 at% but were broken into aggregated nanoparticles at higher concentrations of additional cobalt.

Gold nanorod/molybdenum sulfide core-shell nanostructures synthesized by a photo-induced reduction process.

Coupling of plasmonic nanostructures and semiconductors gives promising hybrid nanostructures that can be used in different applications such as photosensing and energy conversion. In this report, we describe an approach for fabricating a new hybrid material by coupling a gold nanorod (Au NR) core and amorphous molybdenum sulfide (MoS) shell. The Au NR/MoS core-shell structure is achieved by exploiting the hot electrons generated in the plasmonic excitation of Au NRs to drive the reduction of [MoS], which is pre-adsorbed on the Au NR surface, producing a thin MoS layer.

Gold nanoparticles as an outstanding catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction.

An electrode made of Au nanoparticles, ca. 13 nm in diameter, displays outstanding catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction in water. At an overpotential of 200 mV it operates with a catalytic rate TOF of 0.

Forecasting Pharmaceutical Prices for Economic Evaluations When There Is No Market: A Review.

Background: Economic evaluation helps policy makers and healthcare payers make decisions on drug listing, coverage, and reimbursement. When economic evaluations are conducted before a product launch, the prices of the pharmaceuticals have to be forecast.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the methods of establishing proxy prices and their accuracies compared with actual market prices after the product launch.