The efficacy of interventions in the workplace promoting exercise and a healthy diet among shift workers: A systematic review.

Introduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are a major public health concern, with significant impacts on quality of life and health costs. Shift work is a risk factor associated with these diseases, since it interferes with circadian rhythms and physiological processes, and can lead to circadian desynchronization and sleep deprivation. Given this scenario, the workplace is recognized by the WHO as a strategic environment for promoting health and preventing CNCDs.

Validity of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria using calf circumference in the prediction of in-hospital mortality in older surgical patients: A secondary analysis of a cohort study.

Background: Malnutrition is a prevalent condition among older patients and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Methods such as the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), the Mini Nutritional Assessment Long Form (MNA-LF), and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnose malnutrition early. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and validity of these instruments to predict the length of hospital stay (LOS) and in-hospital mortality in older surgical patients.

Ketoconazole as second-line treatment for Cushing's disease after transsphenoidal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The first-line treatment for Cushing's disease is transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumor resection. Ketoconazole has been used as a second-line drug despite limited data on its safety and efficacy for this purpose. The objective of this meta-analysis was to analyze hypercortisolism control in patients who used ketoconazole as a second-line treatment after transsphenoidal surgery, in addition to other clinical and laboratory criteria that could be related to therapeutic response.

Evaluation of ketoconazole as a treatment for Cushing's disease in a retrospective cohort.

Objective: The first-line treatment for Cushing's disease is transsphenoidal surgery, after which the rates of remission are 60 to 80%, with long-term recurrence of 20 to 30%, even in those with real initial remission. Drug therapies are indicated for patients without initial remission or with surgical contraindications or recurrence, and ketoconazole is one of the main available therapies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety profile of and the treatment response to ketoconazole in Cushing's disease patients followed up at the endocrinology outpatient clinic of a Brazilian university hospital.

Association of Eating Patterns and Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationship between eating patterns and diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Outpatients underwent clinical and nutritional evaluation. Dietary information was obtained through a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and eating patterns were identified by cluster analysis.

Effect of night-shift work on cortisol circadian rhythm and melatonin levels.

Objectives: Night-shift work has been associated with several negative effects on worker's health, possibly due to circadian desynchronization, sleep deprivation and suppression of nocturnal melatonin secretion including exposure to light during the work shift. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of fixed night-shift work versus day-shift work on the sleep-wake cycle and on the night and day levels of cortisol and melatonin.

Material And Methods: Saliva samples were obtained from 36 individuals, 19 day workers (12 women and 7 men) and 17 night workers (12 women and 5 men) from a university hospital in southern Brazil, with no history of chronic diseases.

Multifactorial intervention for diabetes control among older users of insulin.

Objective: To evaluate if the closer follow-up with the supply of insulin pens and the measurement of capillary blood glucose improve the management of older patients with type 2 diabetes without adequate glycemic control despite extensive therapy.

Methods: This is a prospective, non-randomized, quasi-experimental study. We have included 45 patients over 60 years old, from both sexes, with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) > 8.