Sr-doped surfaces with 2D black phosphorus nanosheets for enhanced photothermal antibacterial activity and zirconia implant osseointegration.

Zirconia (ZrO) has emerged as a preferred material for dental implants due to its excellent chemical inertness, absence of metal allergies and esthetic appeal. However, its limited bioactivity regarding infection resistance and early osseointegration hinders its implantation success rate compared to titanium implants. Herein, we developed a PDPA@Sr/BP coating for ZrO implants to address these limitations.