High-fertility individuals observed in the progeny of low-fertility Nicotiana F interspecific hybrid and mechanistic insights into their appearance.

Interspecific hybrids with different genomes from their parents often result in hybrid sterility due to meiotic failure. This is a typical example of reproductive isolation that limits interspecific hybridization. Although a few progenies can be obtained in such cases, the inheritance pattern of fertility has not yet been studied in detail.

Car4-positive adipocyte progenitor cells adapt to the aging environment and work as protection against ROS via glutathione metabolism.

The induction of beige adipocytes is significantly reduced in aged mice due to the senescence of adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs). Recent studies have revealed the existence of beige adipocyte subtypes, suggesting that APCs comprise a heterogeneous population. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism through which long-term cold exposure induces the production of beige adipocytes even in aged mice.

Synergistic antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of α-sulfoquinovosyl-acylpropanediol (SQAP) via PI3K/Akt inhibition and DNA repair impairment in glioblastoma.

Purpose: Radiotherapy remains a key treatment modality for glioblastoma (GBM), but therapeutic resistance and radiation-induced toxicity severely limit its efficacy. Therefore, the development of novel, safe, and effective radiosensitizers is urgently needed. α-Sulfoquinovosylacylpropandiol (SQAP), a marine-derived compound, has demonstrated potent radiosensitizing effects in cancer cells by improving tumor oxygenation and interfering with DNA repair.

The Impact of Intradialytic Exercise on Activities of Daily Living and Physical Function in Hospitalized Hemodialysis Patients: A Study of Efficacy and Safety.

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effects of intradialytic exercise (IDE) on improving activities of daily living (ADL) and physical function in hospitalized hemodialysis (HD) patients. The research question focused on improving outcomes in ADL and physical function.

Methods: This study is a single-center, historical cohort study.

Sex difference in BAT thermogenesis depends on PGC-1α-mediated phospholipid synthesis in mice.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a thermogenic tissue that plays an important role in systemic energy expenditure, has histological and functional sex differences. BAT thermogenic activity is higher in female mice than in male mice. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this functional sex difference has not been fully elucidated.

Unexpected Remission of Bilateral Hyperaldosteronism After Unilateral Cortisol-Producing Adenoma Resection: A Report of Two Cases.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most frequent cause of secondary hypertension. PA is primarily categorized into two subtypes: The unilateral subtype, which mainly consists of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and the bilateral subtype, in which aldosterone is overproduced by both adrenal glands. Rarely, does the bilateral form of PA coexists with a cortisol-producing adenoma (CPA), as documented by previous reports.

Expert Consensus on the Primary Aldosteronism Severity Classification and its strategic application in indicating adrenal venous sampling.

Objective: Severity classifications are essential for many diseases to prioritize patient management tasks such as diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Primary aldosteronism (PA), a common cause of secondary hypertension, lacks a standardized severity scale despite generally requiring invasive diagnostics like adrenal venous sampling (AVS). This study aimed to develop a global expert consensus-based classification for PA severity to improve clinical decision-making.

Oncogene aberrations drive medulloblastoma progression, not initiation.

Despite recent advances in understanding disease biology, treatment of group 3/4 medulloblastoma remains a therapeutic challenge in paediatric neuro-oncology. Bulk-omics approaches have identified considerable intertumoural heterogeneity in group 3/4 medulloblastoma, including the presence of clear single-gene oncogenic drivers in only a subset of cases, whereas in most cases, large-scale copy number aberrations prevail. However, intratumoural heterogeneity, the role of oncogene aberrations, and broad copy number variation in tumour evolution and treatment resistance remain poorly understood.

Laser Processing of YSZ Ceramics without Cracking: The Impact of Solvent Selection on Performance.

Efficient thermal management during the laser processing of ceramics is critical to prevent surface damage and maintain structural integrity, especially for materials like Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), widely used in energy, aerospace, and medical applications. However, the laser processing of YSZ ceramics poses significant challenges related to thermal stress, leading to surface damage and compromised structural performance. This study examines the effects of various cooling media, including water, acetate, and citrate acids, on the surface quality, residual stress, and ablation depth of YSZ ceramics during UV laser processing.

Elucidation of the Ta(O,N) Octahedral Arrangement in Flux-Grown BaTaON Photocatalysts by Experimental and Computational Structural Modeling.

BaTaON (BTON) is a visible-light-responsive photocatalyst used for water splitting. The flux method, which involves the use of a molten salt, is an effective synthetic strategy for achieving a high photocatalytic activity. Fluxes with alkali metal cations strongly affect the photocatalytic activity of the BTON crystals.

New-onset Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Following COVID-19 Vaccination.

A 31-year-old Japanese man was admitted with a slight fever and epigastric pain. He had received his third Moderna Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine dose (Spikevax, mRNA-1273) 16 days before his visit. His serum amylase level was elevated, and computed tomography found pancreatic enlargement.

Refractory Hypoglycemia Secondary to the Warburg Effect in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Spontaneous and refractory hypoglycemia in malignancy poses diagnostic challenges, since its exact underlying mechanisms remain unclear. A 62-year-old female patient with a 10-year type 2 diabetes mellitus history presented with abdominal pain and spontaneous hypoglycemia despite discontinuation of her diabetic treatments. An initial computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large perinephric tumor, and a second CT, performed a week later, demonstrated significant tumor growth.

Soy protein selectively accumulates formaldehyde.

Soy protein (SP) is easily obtained from defatted soybeans that have had soybean oil removed. Therefore, the materials consisting of soy protein are not only environmentally benign but also sustainable materials. We prepared the SP - GPTMS composite materials by mixing the SP and a silane coupling reagent, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), and demonstrated the accumulation of various aldehydes, such as formaldehyde (HAld), acetaldehyde (AcAld), butyl aldehyde (BuAld), and benzaldehyde (BnAld), by the SP - GPTMS composite materials.

Association of uric acid levels with the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated and metabolic and alcohol-related/associated steatotic liver disease: a study on Japanese participants undergoing health checkups.

Hyperuricemia reflects increased insulin resistance, and uric acid (UA) may serve as a predictive marker for the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD); however, few studies have investigated this condition in the Japanese population. Thus, this retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the association of hyperuricemia with the risk of MASLD or metabolic and alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD) in individuals undergoing health checkups. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 58,110 individuals, dividing them into quartile groups according to UA values for men and women (Q1 being the lowest and Q4 being the highest), and examining the complication rate of MASLD/MetALD.

Txnip deficiency causes a susceptibility to acute cold stress with brown fat dysfunction in mice.

Mammals adaptively regulate energy metabolism in response to environmental changes such as starvation and cold circumstances. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip), known as a redox regulator, serves as a nutrient sensor regulating energy homeostasis. Txnip is essential for mice to adapt to starvation, but its role in adapting to cold circumstances remains unclear.

Simultaneous site-directed mutagenesis for soybean ß-amyrin synthase genes via DNA-free CRISPR/Cas9 system using a single gRNA.

We generated soybean mutants related to two ß-amyrin synthase genes using DNA-free site-directed mutagenesis system. Our results suggested that one of the genes is predominant in the soyasaponin biosynthesis. Soyasaponins, which are triterpenoid saponins contained in soybean [Glycine max (L.

Effectiveness of rehabilitation in hospitalized hemodialysis patients as compared with rehabilitation in hospitalized patients not on hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The effectiveness of rehabilitation aimed at improving the activities of daily living and physical functions may differ between hospitalized patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and not undergoing HD (non-HD). The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of rehabilitation between hospitalized HD and non-HD patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of inpatients who underwent rehabilitation.

Crystal Growth and Structural Analysis of Layered Lithium Titanium Sulfide.

Layered sulfide crystals are suitable hosts for lithium and sodium ions in batteries. In this study, new layered lithium titanium sulfide (LTS) crystals were grown in a sealed silica tube using a LiS self-flux at 800-950 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results indicated the formation of a new sulfide phase with higher symmetry in the Li-Ti-S system.

Status of Community Pharmacy Functions and Regional Medical Collaboration System Initiatives in Japan.

With the increase in life expectancy in Japan, the proportion of older adults requiring medical assistance continues to increase. Hence, the Japanese government proposed the establishment of a community-based integrated care system, aimed at ensuring housing, medical care, long-term care, prevention, and lifestyle support in a comprehensive manner by 2025. To achieve this paradigm shift, pharmacies must collaborate with their respective medical providers.

Prognostic factors for hospitalization for severe hypoglycemia without diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.

Patients with non-diabetic hypoglycemia have a poorer prognosis than those with diabetic hypoglycemia. However, the factors associated with prognosis remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prognostic factors for non-diabetic hypoglycemia.

A single-nucleotide insertion in Rxp confers durable resistance to bacterial pustule in soybean.

The soybean Rxp gene, encoding a bHLH transcription factor and an ACT-like domain, has an rxp allele producing a truncated protein that confers resistance to pustule-causing Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines. In soybean, bacterial pustules caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.