Standardized classification of synchronous gastrointestinal small cell lymphoma and gastrointestinal mast cell tumors in 15 cats.

ObjectivesSynchronous primary tumors have been defined as two or more concurrent, yet independent tumors diagnosed within 6 months or less. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence and clinical findings in cats with synchronous gastrointestinal (GI) small cell lymphoma (SCL) and GI mast cell tumor (MCT) at two referral hospitals. A secondary objective was to classify these tumors as distinct or mixed, and if mixed, categorize them histomorphologically as collision or combined tumors based on standardized definitions informed by literature review.

Medical Management of a Cervical Thymoma by Radiation Therapy in an Indian Ringneck Parakeet ().

Thymomas are uncommon in birds and management is challenging because of tumor characteristics such as growth location and local invasiveness, limiting surgical and chemotherapeutic options. A 20-year-old female Indian ringneck parakeet () was referred for radiation therapy because of an increase in size of a right-sided cervical mass. The mass was tentatively diagnosed as a thymoma after biopsy and incomplete surgical resection 3 months previously.

Urethral sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma with heterologous elements in a dog.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a biphasic tumour characterized by the co-existence of epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation that may contain heterologous components. These tumours are rare in domestic animals and have only been reported in the kidney and prostate gland. In this report we describe a French Bulldog with a perianal swelling that resulted in dyschezia.

Molecular detection of Bartonella spp. DNA in dogs with hemangiosarcoma.

Introduction: The potential role of pathogens, particularly vector-transmitted infectious agents, as a cofactor or cause of neoplasia has not been intensively investigated. We previously reported a potential link between Bartonella spp. bacteremia and splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) in dogs living in the United States.

Diagnostic dilemma: Papillary third ventricular neoplasm with concurrent choroid plexus and ependymal features in a cat.

A 6-year-old, castrated male, domestic shorthair cat with progressive neurologic signs underwent magnetic resonance imaging, revealing a suprasellar mass, which resulted in euthanasia. Grossly, a tan-red tumor expanded the ventral third ventricle, compressed adjacent brain structures, and emerged ventrally at the midline. Histologically, numerous arborizing papillary formations protruded into a network of anastomosing luminal canals.

Nuclear pleomorphism in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: Comparison of reproducibility and prognostic relevance between estimates, manual morphometry, and algorithmic morphometry.

Variation in nuclear size and shape is an important criterion of malignancy for many tumor types; however, categorical estimates by pathologists have poor reproducibility. Measurements of nuclear characteristics can improve reproducibility, but current manual methods are time-consuming. The aim of this study was to explore the limitations of estimates and develop alternative morphometric solutions for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs).

Information mismatch in PHH3-assisted mitosis annotation leads to interpretation shifts in H&E slide analysis.

The count of mitotic figures (MFs) observed in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides is an important prognostic marker, as it is a measure for tumor cell proliferation. However, the identification of MFs has a known low inter-rater agreement. In a computer-aided setting, deep learning algorithms can help to mitigate this, but they require large amounts of annotated data for training and validation.

Rostral cranial fossa and sinonasal neoplasms with cribriform plate involvement in 32 dogs and 17 cats.

The rostral cranial fossa (RCF) consists of the sphenoid and ethmoid bones, which accommodate the olfactory bulbs and nerves along the recesses of the cribriform plate. Neoplasms located in the vicinities of the RCF can compress and/or invade the cribriform plate. Here we describe the clinical and pathologic findings of neoplasms involving the cribriform plate in 32 dogs and 17 cats autopsied over a 13-y period.

Immunophenotype investigation in feline intestinal non-B-cell lymphoma.

Lymphoma is the most common tumour of domestic cats, developing most frequently in the small intestine. Feline small intestinal lymphoma predominantly demonstrates a T-cell immunophenotype identified by standard immunopositivity for T cells with CD3 or immunopositivity for B cells with CD20. In contrast, a wide spectrum of immunohistochemical antibodies are applied in humans to diagnose the various specific lymphoma subtypes according to the WHO classification.

Automated Nuclear Morphometry: A Deep Learning Approach for Prognostication in Canine Pulmonary Carcinoma to Enhance Reproducibility.

The integration of deep learning-based tools into diagnostic workflows is increasingly prevalent due to their efficiency and reproducibility in various settings. We investigated the utility of automated nuclear morphometry for assessing nuclear pleomorphism (NP), a criterion of malignancy in the current grading system in canine pulmonary carcinoma (cPC), and its prognostic implications. We developed a deep learning-based algorithm for evaluating NP (variation in size, i.

Synovial myxoma or myxosarcoma? Lymph node metastasis in 2 dogs.

Synovial myxoma, a rare joint tumor in dogs, has traditionally been considered benign, acknowledging that local invasion into regional tissues including bone may be present. Given the diagnostic challenges in distinguishing synovial myxoma from other joint lesions through clinical features and diagnostic imaging, definitive diagnosis relies on characteristic gross and histologic features. Within the inner surface of the joint capsule, synovial myxomas form nodules of stellate-to-spindle cells within abundant myxomatous matrix.

Short colon syndrome in cats.

Background: Shortening of the colon has been described in cats, but its imaging and clinicopathological features remain poorly understood.

Objectives: Description of the signalment, clinical presentation, imaging, endoscopic and histological features of short colon syndrome in cats.

Animals: Ninety-three cats diagnosed with short colon.

Domain generalization across tumor types, laboratories, and species - Insights from the 2022 edition of the Mitosis Domain Generalization Challenge.

Recognition of mitotic figures in histologic tumor specimens is highly relevant to patient outcome assessment. This task is challenging for algorithms and human experts alike, with deterioration of algorithmic performance under shifts in image representations. Considerable covariate shifts occur when assessment is performed on different tumor types, images are acquired using different digitization devices, or specimens are produced in different laboratories.

Mitotic activity: A systematic literature review of the assessment methodology and prognostic value in canine tumors.

One of the most relevant prognostic indices for tumors is cellular proliferation, which is most commonly measured by the mitotic activity in routine tumor sections. The goal of this systematic review was to analyze the methods and prognostic relevance of histologically measuring mitotic activity that have been reported for canine tumors in the literature. A total of 137 articles that correlated the mitotic activity in canine tumors with patient outcome were identified through a systematic (PubMed and Scopus) and nonsystematic (Google Scholar) literature search and eligibility screening process.

Mitotic activity: A systematic literature review of the assessment methodology and prognostic value in feline tumors.

Increased proliferation is a driver of tumorigenesis, and quantification of mitotic activity is a standard task for prognostication. This systematic review is an analysis of all available references on mitotic activity in feline tumors to provide an overview of the assessment methods and prognostic value. A systematic literature search in PubMed and Scopus and a nonsystematic search in Google Scholar were conducted.

Atypical Mitotic Figures Are Prognostically Meaningful for Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors.

Cell division through mitosis (microscopically visible as mitotic figures, MFs) is a highly regulated process. However, neoplastic cells may exhibit errors in chromosome segregation (microscopically visible as atypical mitotic figures, AMFs) resulting in aberrant chromosome structures. AMFs have been shown to be of prognostic relevance for some neoplasms in humans but not in animals.