Trends in mean serum insulin and hyperinsulinemia among US adults without diabetes 1999-2018.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine trends for mean serum insulin concentration (pmol/L) and prevalence of hyperinsulinemia (≥4.358 pmol/L fasting insulin) in US adults without diabetes.

Methods: We used data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Objectively-Measured Sedentary Time and Self-Reported Prescription Medication Use Among Adults: A Pilot Study.

While previous research has linked physical activity (PA) with lower prescription medication consumption, limited evidence has investigated sedentary time (ST) as a major contributor to medication use, despite ST's known association with chronic disease and mortality risk, even when PA volume is considered. This study aimed to examine the independent associations between objectively measured ST, patterns of sedentary bouts, and self-reported prescription medication use among adults ≥25 years of age. Thirty-two participants reported the number and type of medications they were currently prescribed and wore an accelerometer continuously on their hip for seven days to detect their ST.

Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in US Adults with and without Heart Failure: 2007-2018 NHANES.

Objectives: Current evidence describing physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in people with and without heart failure (HF) is limited. This study examines PA participation and ST in a nationally representative sample of US adults with and without self-reported HF.

Methods: The study sample (N = 21,633) included US adult (40 years old and older) participants from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Sedentary Time and Prescription Medication Use Among US Adults: 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: Prescription medication usage has been used as a predictor of disease prevalence and overall health status. Evidence suggests an inverse relationship exists between polypharmacy, which is the use of 5 or more medications, and physical activity participation. However, there is limited evidence examining the relationship between sedentary time and polypharmacy in adults.

Diabetes risk status and meeting the US physical activity recommendations in reproductive-aged women: 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Background: Women at increased risk for type 2 diabetes, due to recognized prediabetes (PD) or previous gestational diabetes (GD), stand to benefit from meeting U.S. physical activity (PA) recommendations.

Mode of Physical Activity Participation in US Adults: A Regional Perspective.

Objective: Examine the mode of physical activity (PA) participation in United States adults by US Census region.

Methods: The study sample (N = 323,435) included adult (18 years of age and older) participants from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Participants reported meeting both aerobic and muscle strengthening activity (MSA) guidelines, the aerobic-only guideline, the MSA only guideline, or neither.

Practical School Nutrition Program May Reduce Food Neophobia.

The study's purpose was to evaluate an intervention to reduce fruit and vegetable food neophobia and influence attitudes and behaviors among children using a four-month, non-experimental, before-and-after intervention. Participants were children aged 5-11 years in an intervention school (IS) and a control school (CS). Children were offered fruit or vegetable samples weekly utilizing school-specific psychosocial and educational practices to encourage participation.

Diabetes risk status and physical activity in pregnancy: U.S. BRFSS 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017.

Background: Pregnant women without complications are advised to engage in physical activity (PA) to mitigate adverse outcomes. Differences may exist among pregnant women of diverging diabetes status in meeting national PA recommendations. We sought to examine differences in aerobic activity (AA) and muscle strengthening activity (MSA) by diabetes risk status (DRS) among pregnant women in the United States.

Epilepsy and Physical Activity in US Adults.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of self-reported aerobic leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) participation using a representative sample of US adults (18 years old and older) with a seizure disorder or epilepsy.

Methods: Data from the 2010, 2013, and 2015 National Health Interview Survey cycles were used to examine the prevalence and odds of meeting the 2018 PA guidelines with a nationally representative sample of US adults. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression were used in calculating estimates.

Sedentary Time and Cumulative Risk of Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction Heart Failure: From the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: This study examined the relationship between self-reported sedentary time (ST) and the cumulative risk of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in a diverse cohort of U.S. adults 45-84 years of age.

Exploring the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and diabetes among adults in the United States.

Objective: To explore the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and diabetes and to determine whether effects are heterogeneous when examined by body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 8664 participants were analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for years 2005-2014. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between urinary biomarkers of PAHs and diabetes.

Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, and Clustered Metabolic Risk in U.S. Adolescents: 2007-2012 Nhanes.

Background: While studies to date have shown that children and adolescents who meet the current physical activity (PA) recommendations and maintain a healthy body weight demonstrate significantly lower cardiometabolic risk, there are some studies that suggest that the relationship between PA and metabolic risk may be mediated by adiposity. The aim of the present study was to examine variation in clustered metabolic risk (cMetS) in adolescents classified as not overweight/active (NOA), not overweight/not active (NONA), overweight/active (OA), and overweight/not active (ONA).

Methods: The sample included adolescent participants (n = 875; 12-17 years) of the 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Mode of physical activity participation by body mass index: 2015 behavioural risk factor surveillance system.

Body mass index (BMI) continues to be used as a marker of health due its strong correlation with adiposity and health. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to be favourably associated with a desirable BMI. Few studies have examined mode of PA participation across BMI indices with a mutually exclusive underweight BMI range.

Associations between mental distress and physical activity in US adults: a dose-response analysis BRFSS 2011.

Background: To examine the associations between levels of severity of mental distress (MD) and meeting the 2008 physical activity (PA) recommendations using the MD Severity Index (MDSI).

Methods: Participants (n = 431 313) were adults (≥18 years of age) who responded to the 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). MD was categorized into five levels of severity: 0-4, 5-10, 11-16, 17-22 and ≥23 days/month.

Associations of Metabolic Syndrome, Elevated C-Reactive Protein, and Physical Activity in U.S. Adolescents.

Purpose: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), and physical activity (PA) as well as the odds of MetS criteria in those active versus inactive utilizing a representative sample of U.S. adolescents.

Associations Between Low Back Pain and Muscle-strengthening Activity in U.S. Adults.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The primary aim of the study was to examine the association between low back pain (LBP) and muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) among U.S.

Historical Data Analysis of Hospital Discharges Related to the Amerithrax Attack in Florida.

Interrupted time-series analysis (ITSA) can be used to identify, quantify, and evaluate the magnitude and direction of an event on the basis of time-series data. This study evaluates the impact of the bioterrorist anthrax attacks ("Amerithrax") on hospital inpatient discharges in the metropolitan statistical area of Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade counties in the fourth quarter of 2001. Three statistical methods-standardized incidence ratio (SIR), segmented regression, and an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA)-were used to determine whether Amerithrax influenced inpatient utilization.

Body Mass Index and Physical Inactivity: 2013 BRFSS.

Objectives: Examine the odds of adults reporting physical inactivity (PI) across six body mass index (BMI) categories.

Methods: We used data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Six BMI categories were used.

Gender Differences in C-Reactive Protein and Muscle Strengthening Activity.

Background: Few studies have examined the gender differences between C-reactive protein (CRP) and muscle strengthening activity (MSA).

Methods: The sample (n = 7533) included U.S.

The Associations Between Increasing Degrees of HOMA-IR and Measurements of Adiposity Among Euglycemic U.S. Adults.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between increasing degrees of insulin resistance (using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) and two measures of adiposity in a nationally representative sample of euglycemic U.S. adults.

Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity and C-Reactive Protein in U.S. Adults.

Background: Several studies have revealed inverse associations between physical activity (PA) and C-reactive protein (CRP). However, few studies have examined associations between vigorous intensity PA (VIPA) and CRP using nationally representative samples.

Methods: The sample (n = 14,461) included adults (≥20 years of age) who participated in the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Care Utilization Patterns and Diabetes Self-Management Education Duration.

Objective. Previous studies have shown that receiving diabetes self-management education (DSME) is associated with increased care utilization. However, the relationship between DSME duration and care utilization patterns remains largely unexamined.

Association between alcohol consumption patterns and metabolic syndrome.

Aims: Examine associations between self-reported alcohol consumption patterns and metabolic syndrome.

Materials And Methods: Sample (N=7432) included adult (≥20 years) participants in the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Results: Above moderate alcohol consumption (AMAC) was negatively associated with waist circumference among those in the 20-29, 40-49, and 70-79 age groups (β=-6.

Sexual behaviors of middle school students: 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey results from 16 locations.

Background: The potential negative consequences of engaging in sexual risk behaviors at a young age are well documented. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of information about the prevalence of sexual behaviors among middle school students. This article provides an overview of the sexual risk behaviors of middle school students from 16 districts and states throughout the country, and examines these risks by demographic variables.