Healthy Food Service Guidelines for Worksites and Institutions: A Scoping Review.

Healthy food service guidelines (HFSG) comprise food, nutrition, behavioral design, and other standards to guide the purchasing, preparation, and offering of foods and beverages in worksites and institutional food service. To date, there have been few attempts to synthesize evidence for HFSG effectiveness in non-K-12 or early childhood education sectors, particularly at worksites and institutional food services. We conducted a scoping review to achieve the following: (1) characterize the existing literature on the effectiveness of HFSG for improving the institution's food environment, financial outcomes, and consumers' diet quality and health, and (2) identify gaps in the literature.

Investigating Links Between Urban Residential Streetscapes and Physical Activity Using Deep Learning of Google Street View Imagery Applied to the Washington State Twin Registry.

The evidence linking urban greenspace to individual's physical activity (PA) levels is mixed. This study examines relationships between street-level and satellite-derived greenspace measures with PA outcomes. Our sample included 7855 adult twins enrolled in the Washington State Twin Registry from 2009 to 2020 living in urban areas; 14,095 total survey observations were analyzed.

Three- and Twelve-Month Changes in Child and Adult Care Food Program Best Practices and Preschool Children's Dietary Intake in Family Child Care Homes after the Happy Healthy Homes Randomized Controlled Trial.

Enhancing the quality of Family Child Care Home (FCCH) meals is an opportunity to impact children's diet and health. The purpose of this study is to assess Happy Healthy Homes (HHH) randomized controlled trial impact on health-related foods and nutrients served to and consumed by young children and achievement of Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) requirements and best practices. Forty-five CACFP participating FCCHs in a moderately sized midwestern city were recruited in 2017-2018 and randomized to nutrition intervention (NUT = 24) or control (CON = 21).

Association between neighborhood walkability and physical activity in a community-based twin sample.

We investigated associations between neighborhood walkability and physical activity using twins (5477 monozygotic and same-sex dizygotic pairs) as "quasi-experimental" controls of genetic and shared environment (familial) factors that would otherwise confound exposure-outcome associations. Walkability comprised intersection density, population density, and destination accessibility. Outcomes included self-reported weekly minutes of neighborhood walking and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and days per week using transit services (eg, bus, commuter rail).

A qualitative exploration of barriers, facilitators and best practices for implementing environmental sustainability standards and reducing food waste in veterans affairs hospitals.

Background: To improve the healthfulness of foods offered while accelerating the use of environmental sustainability practices, it is important to engage hospital food service operators in the adoption of such practices. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers, facilitators and best practices for implementing environmental sustainability standards in food service among veterans affairs (VA) hospitals in the United States.

Methods: We conducted an online survey with 14 VA hospital food service directors and then 11 qualitative interviews.

Cross-Sectional Study of Location-Based Built Environments, Physical Activity, Dietary Intake, and Body Mass Index in Adult Twins.

We examined relationships between walkability and health behaviors between and within identical twin pairs, considering both home (neighborhood) walkability and each twin's measured activity space. Continuous activity and location data (via accelerometry and GPS) were obtained in 79 pairs over 2 weeks. Walkability was estimated using Walk Score (WS); home WS refers to neighborhood walkability, and GPS WS refers to the mean of individual WSs matched to every GPS point collected by each participant.

Relationships between proximity to grocery stores and Oklahoma Early Care and Education classroom nutrition practices.

The study purpose was to determine associations between proximity to grocery stores and Early Care and Education programs' (i.e., ECEs) classroom nutrition practices and barriers, by ECE context (Head Start, community-based childcare [CBC], and family child care homes [FCCHs]).

The pillars of health: influence of multiple lifestyle behaviors on body mass index and depressive symptoms in adult twins.

Background: Guidelines promoting healthy lifestyles are cornerstones of chronic disease prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study is to investigate independent and joint associations of five key health behaviors with health outcomes (body mass index (BMI kg/m) and depressive symptoms) in adult twins.

Methods: We included 6,048 twin pairs from a community-based registry.

Food Waste, Preference, and Cost: Perceived Barriers and Self-Reported Food Service Best Practices in Family Child Care Homes.

Family Child Care Homes (FCCHs) are a setting where providers care for children at their own residence. FCCHs face unique challenges and children may not always receive optimal nutrition and have higher risk of obesity compared to other programs. The objective of this study was to determine differences in food service best practices scores between FCCHs who did/did not perceive barriers to serving healthy meals.

Process Evaluation of Two Interventions to Improve Health Environments in Family Child Care Homes.

Early care and education (ECE) environments influence children's lifelong health behaviors, growth, and development. Although the number of interventions to improve health in ECE environments is increasing, few have been designed for and tested in family child care homes (FCCHs). This study reports the process evaluation of two interventions to improve FCCH health environments, both part of Happy Healthy Homes, a matched-attention randomized-controlled intervention trial conducted in Oklahoma FCCHs.

Quality of Nutrition Environments, Menus and Foods Served, and Food Program Achievement in Oklahoma Family Child Care Homes.

Child care environments foster children's healthy eating habits by providing exposure to healthy foods and feeding practices. We assessed the healthfulness of nutrition environments, menu/meal quality, and the achievement of Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) guidelines and best practices in Oklahoma CACFP-enrolled family child care homes (FCCHs) ( = 51). Two-day classroom observations were conducted.

Changes in physical activity levels and mental health during COVID-19: Prospective findings among adult twin pairs.

Background: Physical distancing and other COVID-19 pandemic mitigation strategies have negatively impacted physical activity (PA) levels and mental health in cross-sectional studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between changes in PA and mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic, following implementation of mitigation strategies, in a sample of adult twins.

Methods: This was a prospective study of 3,057 adult twins from the Washington State Twin Registry.

Family Child Care Providers' Nutrition Practices and Policies: Happy Healthy Homes.

Objective: Determine the impact of family child care home providers' nutrition knowledge, confidence, and perceived barriers on program nutrition best practices and written nutrition policies.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of self-reported surveys of 49 female providers in Oklahoma City analyzed with Spearman correlation, multivariate linear and logistic regression (α < 0.05).

Associations between Community Built Environments with Early Care and Education Classroom Physical Activity Practices and Barriers.

The influence of community-built environments on physical activity (PA) support in Early Childhood Education settings (ECEs) is unknown. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine associations between community PA environments and ECE classroom PA practices. We included licensed Oklahoma ECE directors serving 3-to-5-year-old children.

Food Program Participation Influences Nutrition Practices in Early Care and Education Settings.

Objective: To determine differences by Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) participation on nutrition requirements and best practices and barriers to implementing both in early care and education programs (ECEs) stratified by context (centers vs home-based ECEs).

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Three-thousand and fourteen licensed Nebraska ECEs in 2017.

Associations between health-related family environment and objective child sleep quality.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the family environment and behaviours with objective child sleep quality.

Methods: Twenty-four children (aged 2-5 years) and their parents participated. Child sleep was assessed by accelerometer.

Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, and Clustered Metabolic Risk in U.S. Adolescents: 2007-2012 Nhanes.

Background: While studies to date have shown that children and adolescents who meet the current physical activity (PA) recommendations and maintain a healthy body weight demonstrate significantly lower cardiometabolic risk, there are some studies that suggest that the relationship between PA and metabolic risk may be mediated by adiposity. The aim of the present study was to examine variation in clustered metabolic risk (cMetS) in adolescents classified as not overweight/active (NOA), not overweight/not active (NONA), overweight/active (OA), and overweight/not active (ONA).

Methods: The sample included adolescent participants (n = 875; 12-17 years) of the 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Mode of physical activity participation by body mass index: 2015 behavioural risk factor surveillance system.

Body mass index (BMI) continues to be used as a marker of health due its strong correlation with adiposity and health. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to be favourably associated with a desirable BMI. Few studies have examined mode of PA participation across BMI indices with a mutually exclusive underweight BMI range.

Associations of Metabolic Syndrome, Elevated C-Reactive Protein, and Physical Activity in U.S. Adolescents.

Purpose: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), and physical activity (PA) as well as the odds of MetS criteria in those active versus inactive utilizing a representative sample of U.S. adolescents.

Body Mass Index and Physical Inactivity: 2013 BRFSS.

Objectives: Examine the odds of adults reporting physical inactivity (PI) across six body mass index (BMI) categories.

Methods: We used data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Six BMI categories were used.