Multi-layer platform coordination for open innovation in oligonucleotide therapeutics.

As technology evolves and medical needs diversify, the pharmaceutical industry must accelerate its openness. This study analysed inter-organizational alliances in R&D for the new modality of oligonucleotide therapeutics to explore the requirements for establishing new markets. The results confirmed that the market has developed in stages, employing open innovation for different purposes according to technological progress.

Ruthenium-catalyzed intramolecular [2+2+2] cyclization of allene-yne-enes: construction of fused-tricyclic skeletons.

Three's not a crowd: An intramolecular [2+2+2] cyclization between three different components, allene, alkyne, and alkene, has been realized using a catalytic amount of [Cp*RuCl(cod)] complex (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene), and afforded fused-tricyclic compounds in a highly stereoselective manner.

Total synthesis of (-)-herbindoles A, B, and C via transition-metal-catalyzed intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] cyclization between ynamide and diynes.

The total syntheses of (-)-herbindoles A, B, and C as naturally occurring forms were accomplished for the first time through transition-metal-catalyzed intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] cyclization between ynamide and diynes. This strategy provided a highly efficient synthetic route to all three herbindoles from an identical indoline derivative as a common intermediate.