Refractory Acute Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock Due to Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction.

Background: Optimal management of cardiogenic shock (CS) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) frequently consists of inotropes and consideration of a mechanical circulatory support. However, this initial approach may be counterproductive in some CS phenotypes.

Case Summary: A 75-year-old female presented with AMI of the left anterior descending artery and underwent successful revascularization.

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Related Inflammation: A Single-Center Case Series Analysis.

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-RI) is a rare subtype of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), which presents mostly as a subacute and reversible encephalopathy. Primary symptoms include behavioral changes and cognitive decline in the form of rapidly progressive dementia, headache, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. It can also manifest as a varied range of typical and atypical presentations.

Spinal Cord Infarction as a Complication of VA-ECMO With Microaxial Flow Pump in Cardiogenic Shock.

Clinical Condition: The authors present the case of a young man who presented with cardiogenic shock requiring venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and microaxial flow pump complicated by acute spinal cord infarction (SCI) leading to bilateral lower extremity paraplegia.

Key Questions: The key questions included the following: 1) What is the incidence and pathophysiology for SCI with mechanical circulatory support (MCS)?; 2) Which configurations of MCS carry a greater risk of SCI? How do we approach MCS escalation, recognizing that with each device we carry additive risk of complications?; 3) What data guide anticoagulation strategies for MCS?; and 4) What strategies can we implement to support patients who have suffered SCI from MCS?

Outcome: Our patient was transitioned to a right ventricular assist device with Impella 5.5 as a bridge to therapy, and underwent cardiac transplantation 4 weeks after presentation with ongoing inpatient rehabilitation.

Optimal dimensions and performance evaluation of a truncated spherical dielectric lens antenna at X-band frequencies.

This study presents the design and development of a truncated spherical dielectric lens antenna. The primary goal of this research is to significantly improve and optimize the directivity and beamwidth characteristics of the feed antenna by adjusting the feed position around the focal point of the lens. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with a dielectric constant of 2.

Environmental sustainability in gynecologic oncology.

Climate change is a complex, global issue that is impacting human health in various ways, with healthcare being a significant contributor to carbon emissions in the United States. This review discusses the environmental impact of important aspects of gynecologic oncology care, including surgery, anesthesia care, radiology, chemotherapy, and radiation oncology. Operating room energy and material use is highlighted, with a focus on the environmental impact of robotic surgery.

Advancements in FR4 dielectric analysis: Free space approach and measurement validation.

In this study, the free space approach is utilized to calculate the relative permittivity of FR4 by utilizing the Nicholson-Ross-Weir Conversion. By examining the scattering characteristics, the free space technique offers a practical tool for describing dielectric materials. The simulations were run on CST-2019, and the frequency range of 8.

The surgical technique and protocol for dynamic sentinel node biopsy for penile cancer at a Southeast Asian regional hospital.

Lymph node status is a key prognostic factor in penile cancer. The European Association of Urology (EAU) recommends intermediate-risk (pT1a, Grade 2) or high-risk (pT1b or greater) penile cancer patients with clinically non-palpable inguinal lymph node (cN0) to undergo either an invasive bilateral modified inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) or dynamic sentinel node biopsy (DSNB). DSNB has been reported to have acceptable false negative rates, and lower rates of long-term morbidity compared to ILND.

Evaluation of Food Safety Knowledge and Attitudes Among Adults in the United Arab Emirates.

Background Food is handled by many individuals in large food setups, therefore increasing the chance of contamination that leads to foodborne diseases (FBDs). This study was purposed to evaluate adults' understanding of food safety, FBDs, and hygiene practices across various demographic groups in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to explore the link between their knowledge of food safety and their corresponding attitudes. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 402 adults using a validated, self-administered questionnaire available in both printed and online formats.

Cytopathology of primary sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the thyroid: a multi-institutional case series and review of literature.

Introduction: Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma with Eosinophilia (SMECE) of the thyroid is an extremely rare tumor that exhibits unique histologic characteristics and is nearly always associated with lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT). However, the cytomorphologic and clinicopathologic characteristics of SMECE have only been described in rare case reports.

Materials And Methods: Authors' institution laboratory information systems were searched for records of SMECE between 2012 and 2023.

Fine-Needle Aspiration of Sarcomas Metastatic to Lymph Nodes: A Cytomorphologic Study over a 10-Year Period.

Introduction: Metastasis of sarcomas to lymph nodes is an uncommon event in its natural history. We aimed to present our experience with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of metastatic sarcomas to lymph nodes over a 10-year period.

Material And Methods: The cytopathology archives were searched for FNA of lymph nodes involved by metastatic sarcomas.

Detecting Somatic Mutations for Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration with Next-Generation Sequencing.

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) exhibit heterogenous behavior, whereby some small tumors are aggressive with a propensity for metastasis. Detection of somatic mutations associated with aggressive biology may help with patient stratification and surgical decision-making in patients with well-differentiated PanNETs. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS), we investigated the feasibility of detecting somatic mutations in endoscopic ultrasound-guided, fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) specimens and determining the mutational concordance between the EUS-FNA specimens and the primary tumors.

Fine needle aspiration of bone lesions: A tertiary care centre experience.

Background: Bone fine needle aspiration (FNA) presents several diagnostic challenges including limited sample material, reduced ability to assess the architecture, and lack of a standardised reporting system. The aim of our study is to present our experience regarding bone FNA.

Methods: We performed a 6-year retrospective search of our archives to identify all FNA cases of bone lesions.

Risk factors for developing subglottic and tracheal stenosis from the medical intensive care unit.

Objective: Endotracheal intubation is a common procedure in the medical intensive care unit (MICU), but it carries risk of complications including, but not limited to, subglottic stenosis (SGS) and tracheal stenosis (TS). Current literature suggests identifiable risk factors for the development of airway complications. This study is a comprehensive evaluation of potential risk factors in patients who developed SGS and TS following endotracheal intubation in our MICU.

Myxoid Soft Tissue Tumors: A 20-Year Experience on Fine Needle Aspiration with Application of the Proposed WHO Reporting System for Soft Tissue Cytopathology.

Introduction: Myxoid soft tissue tumors represent a heterogenous group of neoplasms. The study presented our experience on cytopathology of myxoid soft tissue tumors on fine needle aspiration (FNA) and aimed to apply the recently proposed WHO system for reporting soft tissue cytopathology.

Material And Methods: We performed a 20-year retrospective search of our archives to identify all FNAs performed on myxoid soft tissue lesions.

Degenerative atypia in benign thyroid nodules: a potential diagnostic pitfall on fine-needle aspiration.

Introduction: Benign (B) follicular lesions of the thyroid are among the most encountered specimens on fine needle aspiration (FNA). Although FNA and The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) remain highly accurate, minimally invasive and robust tools in triaging thyroid nodules, false positive (FP) diagnoses may still occur. Endocrine-type degenerative atypia can cause diagnoses of suspicious for malignancy (SFM) or malignant (M), resulting in overtreatment and exposure to undue surgical risk in patients.

Synovial sarcoma: cytopathology of 51 cases highlighting the application of ancillary molecular testing.

Introduction: Among sarcomas, synovial sarcoma (SS) is defined by its unique SS18 cytogenetic translocation. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is in a key position to exploit this uniqueness for diagnostic purposes.

Materials And Methods: Our cytopathology files were searched for examples of SS with histopathologic verification.

Antimalarial Drug Resistance Profiling of Infections in India Using Next-Generation Sequencing.

Background: Tracking the emergence and spread of antimalarial drug resistance has become critical to sustaining progress towards the control and eventual elimination of malaria in South Asia, especially India.

Methods: An amplicon sequencing protocol was used for high-throughput molecular surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance in a total of 158 isolates at three sites in India: Chennai, Nadiad and Rourkela. Five genes of the implicated in antimalarial resistance were investigated here; for chloroquine resistance, for pyrimethamine resistance, for sulfadoxine resistance, for artemisinin resistance and for resistance to multiple antimalarials.

Benign mesenchymal tumours of the tongue: A report of adult-type rhabdomyoma and granular cell tumour with a review of the literature.

The cytomorphological features of benign mesenchymal tumours of the tongue have rarely been reported. Herein, we present the cytomorphological features of adult-type rhabdomyoma, which occurred in the tongue of a female patient, and granular cell tumour (GCT), which occurred in the tongue of a male patient; both patients were in their mid-50s. The cytological features of the adult-type rhabdomyoma case included large polygonal to ovoid cells with abundant and granular cytoplasm with predominantly peripherally located, uniform, round to oval nuclei and small nucleoli.

Polymethylmethacrylate-induced foreign body reaction presenting as bilateral parotid lesions: A case report of dermal filler adverse reaction diagnosed on fine needle aspiration.

Background: Dermal filler injections are being increasingly used as a non-surgical option for facial cosmetic procedures. However, their use has been implicated in multiple adverse events including immediate, early onset, and late onset complications.

Aim: We present a case of dermal filler-induced foreign body reaction presenting as bilateral parotid lesions and diagnosed using fine needle aspiration.