Diagnostic advancements in early detection of diabetic neuropathy: comparative analysis of medial and lateral plantar nerve degeneration.

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a widespread complication of diabetes, affecting nearly 50% of individuals with the condition. It commonly begins with the gradual loss of sensation in the lower extremities, particularly in the feet. If left undetected and untreated, this loss of sensation can lead to serious consequences, such as foot ulcers and eventual amputations.

Exploring the role of consanguinity in thalassemia prevalence in Pakistan: an in-depth analysis of genetic and cultural factors affecting public health.

Thalassemia syndromes, inherited disorders marked by reduced hemoglobin production, pose a significant global health challenge, particularly in regions with high rates of consanguineous marriages. α- and β-Thalassemia vary in severity, ranging from asymptomatic carriers to severe anemia requiring lifelong transfusions. Consanguinity, common in areas like Southeast Asia, the Mediterranean, and Africa, significantly contributes to the high prevalence of β-thalassemia in countries such as Pakistan and India, where rates can reach up to 73%.