Chamber design and intensity-modulated ultraviolet-C LEDs for advanced pulsed photonic disinfection.

Objectives: Contaminated apparatus and surgical tools pose serious health risks. For such purpose, disinfection chambers are employed. However, these systems rely on mercury-based UV lamps which comes with various drawbacks.

Immobilization of Antibacterial Chlorhexidine on Biodegradable Polycaprolactone/Estradiol Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane for Bone Regeneration.

Membrane-based scaffold for bone regeneration is vastly being explored to address issues that persist in defective bone regeneration, associated with infection and inflammation. This study focused on incorporating estradiol (E2) into biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun nanofibrous membrane, followed by the immobilization with antibacterial chlorhexidine (CHX) through the aid of a polydopamine (PDA) grafting layer. Several analyses including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), wettability, biodegradation, drug release, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity analyses were conducted to study the physicochemical and biological properties of the membranes.

Regenerative Potential Nanomedicine of Adipocyte Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Senescent Skin Tissue.

Introduction: Skin is the first-line barrier defense against infection, irradiation, and toxins, but is prone to natural aging (intrinsic aging) and environmental factors (extrinsic aging). Hence, there is an increasing urgency to explore an effective treatment for aging skin. This study was focused on testing the potential of utilizing adipocyte stem cell derived exosomal as nanomedicine to regenerate the dermal layer and counteract signs of skin aging.

A Systematic Analysis of Additive Manufacturing Techniques in the Bioengineering of In Vitro Cardiovascular Models.

Additive Manufacturing is noted for ease of product customization and short production run cost-effectiveness. As our global population approaches 8 billion, additive manufacturing has a future in maintaining and improving average human life expectancy for the same reasons that it has advantaged general manufacturing. In recent years, additive manufacturing has been applied to tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery.

Immobilization of blood coagulant factor VII on polycaprolactone membrane through polydopamine grafting.

Postoperative bleeding following cardiac surgeries is still an issue that deranges the medical resources and cost. The oral and injection administrations of blood coagulation protein, Factor VII (FVII), is effective to stop the bleeding. However, its short half-life has limited the effectiveness of this treatment and frequent FVII intake may distress the patients.

Biodegradable and antithrombogenic chitosan/elastin blended polyurethane electrospun membrane for vascular tissue integration.

Current commercialized vascular membranes to treat coronary heart disease (CHD) such as Dacron and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) have been associated with biodegradable and thrombogenic issues that limit tissue integration. In this study, biodegradable vascular membranes were fabricated in a structure of electrospun nanofibers composed of polyurethane (PU), chitosan (CS) and elastin (0.5%, 1.

Bacterial disinfection and cell assessment post ultraviolet-C LED exposure for wound treatment.

Ultraviolet-C sourced LED (UVC-LED) has been widely used for disinfection purposes due to its germicidal spectrum. In this study, the efficiencies of UVC-LED for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.

Epidermal and fibroblast growth factors incorporated polyvinyl alcohol electrospun nanofibers as biological dressing scaffold.

In this study, single, mix, multilayer Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun nanofibers with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) were fabricated and characterized as a biological wound dressing scaffolds. The biological activities of the synthesized scaffolds have been verified by in vitro and in vivo studies. The chemical composition finding showed that the identified functional units within the produced nanofibers (O-H and N-H bonds) are attributed to both growth factors (GFs) in the PVA nanofiber membranes.

Organic and inorganic antibacterial approaches in combating bacterial infection for biomedical application.

In spite of antibiotics, antibacterial agents or specifically known as antiseptics are actively explored for the prevention of infection-associated medical devices. Antibacterial agents are introduced to overcome the complication of bacterial resistance which devoted by antibiotics. It can be classified into inorganic and organic, that prominently have impacted bacterial retardation in their own killing mechanism patterns.

Size Preferences Uptake of Glycosilica Nanoparticles to MDA-MB-231 Cell.

Recently, studies on the development and investigation of carbohydrate-functionalized silica nanoparticles (NPs) and their biomedicine applications such as cell-specific targeting and bioimaging has been carried out extensively. Since the number of breast cancer patients has been growing in recent years, potential NPs were being studied in this project for targeting breast cancer cells. Mannose receptors can be found on the surface of MDA-MB-231, which is a kind of human breast cancer cell line.

Effects of different polyaniline emeraldine compositions in electrodepositing ginsenoside encapsulated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microcapsules coating: Physicochemical characterization and in vitro evaluation.

Even though drug-eluting stent (DES) has prominently reduced restenosis, however, its complication of delayed endothelialization has caused chronic side effect. A coating of ginseng-based biodegradable polymer could address this issue due to its specific therapeutic values. However, deposition of this type of stable coating on metallic implant often scarce.

Electrodeposition of Ginseng/Polyaniline Encapsulated Poly(lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Microcapsule Coating on Stainless Steel 316L at Different Deposition Parameters.

Electrodeposition is commonly used to deposit ceramic or metal coating on metallic implants. Its utilization in depositing polymer microcapsule coating is currently being explored. However, there is no encapsulation of drug within polymer microcapsules that will enhance its chemical and biological properties.

Polydopamine-assisted chlorhexidine immobilization on medical grade stainless steel 316L: Apatite formation and in vitro osteoblastic evaluation.

Immobilization of chlorhexidine (CHX) on stainless steel 316L (SS316L), assisted by a polydopamine film as an intermediate layer is projected as an approach in combating infection while aiding bone regeneration for coating development on orthopedic and dental implants. This study aimed to investigate the ability of CHX coating to promote apatite layer, osteoblast cells viability, adhesion, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization. Stainless steel 316L disks were pre-treated, grafted with a polydopamine film and immobilized with different concentrations of CHX (10-30mM).

Immobilisation of hydroxyapatite-collagen on polydopamine grafted stainless steel 316L: Coating adhesion and in vitro cells evaluation.

The utilisation of hydroxyapatite and collagen as bioactive coating materials could enhance cells attachment, proliferation and osseointegration. However, most methods to form crystal hydroxyapatite coating do not allow the incorporation of polymer/organic compound due to production phase of high sintering temperature. In this study, a polydopamine film was used as an intermediate layer to immobilise hydroxyapatite-collagen without the introduction of high sintering temperature.

A review of Acalypha indica L. (Euphorbiaceae) as traditional medicinal plant and its therapeutic potential.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Acalypha indica is an herbal plant that grows in wet, temperate and tropical region, primarily along the earth's equator line. This plant is considered by most people as a weed and can easily be found in these regions. Although this plant is a weed, Acalypha indica has been acknowledged by local people as a useful source of medicine for several therapeutic treatments.

Antibacterial efficacy of triple-layered poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/nanoapatite/lauric acid guided bone regeneration membrane on periodontal bacteria.

A guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane has been extensively used in the repair and regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues. One of the main challenges of GBR restoration is bacterial colonization on the membrane, constitutes to premature membrane degradation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of triple-layered GBR membrane composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), nanoapatite (NAp) and lauric acid (LA) with two types of Gram-negative periodontal bacteria, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis through a disc diffusion and bacterial count tests.

Drug-eluting coating of ginsenoside Rg1 and Re incorporated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) on stainless steel 316L: Physicochemical and drug release analyses.

Active ingredients of ginsenoside, Rg1 and Re, are able to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and promote the growth of vascular endothelial cells. These capabilities are of interest for developing a novel drug-eluting stent to potentially solve the current problem of late-stent thrombosis and poor endotheliazation. Therefore, this study was aimed to incorporate ginsenoside into degradable coating of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA).

Immobilization of antibacterial chlorhexidine on stainless steel using crosslinking polydopamine film: Towards infection resistant medical devices.

Chlorhexidine (CHX) is known for its high antibacterial substantivity and is suitable for use to bio-inert medical devices due to its long-term antibacterial efficacy. However, CHX molecules require a crosslinking film to be stably immobilized on bio-inert metal surfaces. Therefore, polydopamine (PDA) was utilized in this study to immobilize CHX on the surface of 316L type stainless steel (SS316L).

Structure-property relationships of iron-hydroxyapatite ceramic matrix nanocomposite fabricated using mechanosynthesis method.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is an attractive bioceramics due to its similar composition to bone mineral and its ability to promote bone-implant interaction. However, its low strength has limited its application as load bearing implants. This paper presented a work focusing on the improvement of HAp mechanical property by synthesizing iron (Fe)-reinforced bovine HAp nanocomposite powders via mechanosynthesis method.

The influence of experimental silane primers on dentin bond strength and morphology: a laboratory and finite element analysis study.

Statement Of Problem: The inconsistency of dentin bonding affects retention and microleakage.

Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory and finite element analysis study was to investigate the effects on the formation of a hybrid layer of an experimental silane coupling agent containing primer solutions composed of different percentages of hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

Material And Methods: A total of 125 sound human premolars were restored in vitro.

Polydopamine as an intermediate layer for silver and hydroxyapatite immobilisation on metallic biomaterials surface.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) coated implant is more susceptible to bacterial infection as the micro-structure surface which is beneficial for osseointegration, could also become a reservoir for bacterial colonisation. The aim of this study was to introduce the antibacterial effect of silver (Ag) to the biomineralised HA by utilising a polydopamine film as an intermediate layer for Ag and HA immobilisation. Sufficient catechol groups in polydopamine were required to bind chemically stainless steel 316 L, Ag and HA elements.

Effects of different implant-abutment connections on micromotion and stress distribution: prediction of microgap formation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse micromotion and stress distribution at the connections of implants and four types of abutments: internal hexagonal, internal octagonal, internal conical and trilobe.

Methods: A three dimensional (3D) model of the left posterior mandible was reconstructed from medical datasets. Four dental implant systems were designed and analysed independently in a virtual simulation of a first molar replacement.