A Synthetic Facultative CAM-Like Shuttle in C Rice Plants.

Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is one of the three major forms of photosynthesis, known for its efficient carbon sequestration mechanism. CAM plants store malate at night, which undergoes decarboxylation and promotes Rubisco carboxylation during the day. Despite its potential benefits, CAM engineering is not applied to C crops.

Synthetic photorespiratory bypass improves rice productivity by enhancing photosynthesis and nitrogen uptake.

Photorespiration, often considered as a wasteful process, is a key target for bioengineering to improve crop yields. Several photorespiratory bypasses have been designed to efficiently metabolize 2-phosphoglycolate and increase the CO2 concentration in chloroplasts, thereby reducing photorespiration. However, the suppression of primary nitrate assimilation remains an issue when photorespiration is inhibited.

The OsMOB1A-OsSTK38 kinase complex phosphorylates CYCLIN C, controlling grain size and weight in rice.

Grain size and weight are crucial yield-related traits in rice (Oryza sativa). Although certain key genes associated with rice grain size and weight have been successfully cloned, the molecular mechanisms underlying grain size and weight regulation remain elusive. Here, we identified a molecular pathway regulating grain size and weight in rice involving the MPS ONE BINDER KINASE ACTIVATOR-LIKE 1A-SERINE/THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE 38-CYCLIN C (OsMOB1A-OsSTK38-OsCycC) module.

An Efficient -Mediated Genetic Transformation System for Gene Editing in Strawberry ( × ).

The octoploid-cultivated strawberry variety Benihope ( × Duch cv. Benihope) is an important commercial plant. It is highly susceptible to different diseases, which ultimately leads to a reduction in yield.

SHORT ROOT and INDETERMINATE DOMAIN family members govern PIN-FORMED expression to regulate minor vein differentiation in rice.

C3 and C4 grasses directly and indirectly provide the vast majority of calories to the human diet, yet our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving photosynthetic productivity in grasses is largely unexplored. Ground meristem cells divide to form mesophyll or vascular initial cells early in leaf development in C3 and C4 grasses. Here we define a genetic circuit composed of SHORT ROOT (SHR), INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD), and PIN-FORMED (PIN) family members that specifies vascular identify and ground cell proliferation in leaves of both C3 and C4 grasses.

An Efficient Modular Gateway Recombinase-Based Gene Stacking System for Generating Multi-Trait Transgenic Plants.

Transgenic technology can transfer favorable traits regardless of reproductive isolation and is an important method in plant synthetic biology and genetic improvement. Complex metabolic pathway modification and pyramiding breeding strategies often require the introduction of multiple genes at once, but the current vector assembly systems for constructing multigene expression cassettes are not completely satisfactory. In this study, a new in vitro gene stacking system, GuanNan Stacking (GNS), was developed.

A nanopatterned cell-seeded cardiac patch prevents electro-uncoupling and improves the therapeutic efficacy of cardiac repair.

The heart is an extremely sophisticated organ with nanoscale anisotropic structure, contractility and electro-conductivity; however, few studies have addressed the influence of cardiac anisotropy on cell transplantation for myocardial repair. Here, we hypothesized that a graft's anisotropy of myofiber orientation determines the mechano-electrical characteristics and the therapeutic efficacy. We developed aligned- and random-orientated nanofibrous electrospun patches (aEP and rEP, respectively) with or without seeding of cardiomyocytes (CMs) and endothelial cells (ECs) to test this hypothesis.