The Change of Noncoding RNA Expression in Olfactory Bulb of Hepatic Encephalopathy Mouse Model: Transcriptomic Analysis and Cellular Analysis.

Objectives: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder associated with cirrhosis and chronic liver disease primarily driven by ammonia (NH3) toxicity, which leads to neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits. Recent studies have identified olfactory dysfunction as a potential early indicator of HE, linked to ammonia-induced neurotoxicity in the brain.

Methods: After confirming physiological alterations in olfactory cells induced by ammonia, we assessed gene expression changes in olfactory bulbs of bile duct ligation (BDL) mice as an HE mouse model.

Antitumor Effects of Metformin in Squamous Cell Carcinoma under Leptin Treatment Conditions.

Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with poor clinical outcomes. Metabolic syndrome components, including obesity-associated hyperleptinemia, may promote tumor progression. Leptin is an adipokine that is elevated in obesity and activates oncogenic pathways that drive cancer cell proliferation.

Clinical and radiologic findings in angiomatous nasal polyps.

Angiomatous nasal polyps (ANPs), a rare subtype of inflammatory sinonasal polyps, pose a diagnostic challenge due to overlapping clinical and radiological features with other nasal tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological characteristics of six pathologically confirmed ANPs. Six patients diagnosed with ANPs between December 2010 and May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Therapeutic Potential of Anti-Diabetes Drugs and Anti-Dyslipidemia Drugs to Mitigate Head and Neck Cancer Risk in Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) encompasses a heterogeneous group of malignancies originating in the oral cavity, pharynx, nasopharynx, larynx, paranasal sinuses, and salivary glands. Accumulating evidence indicates that metabolic syndrome (MetS) characterized by a constellation of conditions including central adiposity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance, may significantly influence cancer pathogenesis and progression.

Results: MetS has been epidemiologically linked to elevated risk for multiple malignancies through various metabolic mechanisms involving chronic systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and dysregulated lipid metabolism.

Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Head and Neck Region in a Single Institution.

Objective: The authors analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment methods of patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma treated by the same treatment team at a single institution for 24 years and identified factors affecting the prognosis of patients.

Patients And Methods: The study enrolled 10 patients with a final diagnosis of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck region in a single institution from January 2001 to December 2024.

Results: Of the 10 patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma (57.

Kimura Disease of the Head and Neck Region.

We analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment results in surgical patients with a final diagnosis of Kimura disease. A total of 8 patients with a final diagnosis of Kimura disease of the head and neck region after surgery from January 2007 to December 2022 were enrolled. The most common symptom was a mass in the head and neck region (n = 7), followed by incidental detection (n = 1).

Dermoid Cysts on the Floor of the Mouth.

Objective: The authors analyzed the clinical features and treatment results of surgical patients with a final diagnosis of dermoid cyst on the floor of the mouth over 14 years at our hospital.

Patients And Methods: A total of 5 patients with a final diagnosis of dermoid cyst of the floor of the mouth from January 2010 to December 2023 were enrolled.

Results: All patients complained of swelling in the submentum or floor of the mouth.

Effect of air sterilizers in an outpatient clinic at a tertiary university hospital.

Background: After the COVID-19 outbreak, interest in airborne virus infections has increased. We considered ways to reduce the risk of infection to other people by inactivating the virus before it is inhaled into the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. We installed a recently developed air sterilizer in the newly remodeled outpatient clinic of a tertiary university hospital and confirmed its effectiveness.

Growth rates over time of unoperated parotid benign tumors.

Introduction: The treatment of parotid benign tumor is in principle surgery, but observation may be necessary in some cases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth rates over time of unoperated parotid benign tumors.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 63 patients with unoperated parotid benign tumors diagnosed at our institution between January 2010 and December 2022.

Clinical features and recurrence factors of benign neoplasms of the tongue base.

Introduction: Neoplasms of the tongue base are rare, but they range from benign neoplasms to congenital diseases and malignant neoplasms. The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical features and recurrence factors of benign tumors of the tongue base.

Methods: The study included 27 cases of benign neoplasms of the tongue base from January 2010 to February 2022.