Supersolid phases of bosons.

Supersolids-the enigmatic phase of quantum matter, with properties resembling both the superfluid and solid states-have been actively sought over the past 70 years. We provide a comprehensive review of the developments to date in experimental and theoretical studies of the supersolid phases of bosons, with a particular focus on their observation in ultracold atomic gases. Additionally, the use of optical lattices facilitates the realization of 'lattice-supersolids', which paves the way to study the effect of correlations in a controlled manner.

Supplemental effect of metallic nanoparticles on cryopreserved semen quality, lipid peroxidation, sperm head ultrastructure and field fertility levels in crossbred (Hampshire x Niang Megha) boars.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by sperm contributes to oxidative stress (OS), leading to a decline in sperm quality. Different antioxidants have shown potential in preventing such damage. The present study explored the effect of metallic nanoparticle (NPs) supplementation on sperm quality in cryopreserved boar spermatozoa.

IGF-1 outperforms vitamin E and crocin in improving semen quality, antioxidant profile and fertility gene expression in cryopreserved goat (Capra hircus) semen.

Semen cryopreservation combined with artificial insemination (AI) benefits germplasm conservation, production, and breeding. Sperm cells are vulnerable to oxidative and other stressors during cryopreservation, necessitating the use of additives/antioxidants to mitigate this damage. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin E, IGF-1, and crocin supplementation on the quality of cryopreserved goat semen.

Effect of tyrode albumin lactate pyruvate and modified Krebs Ringers broth media on in vitro capacitation of HD-K75 boar spermatozoa at different period of incubation.

In vitro capacitation allows for a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying fertilization and the development of improved reproductive techniques for improving fertility rates in porcine. Tyrodes albumin lactate pyruvate (TALP) and modified Krebs Ringers Broth (m-KRB) are two medias that are commonly used in research experiments to induce capacitation in boar spermatozoa (Cañón-Beltrán et al., Theriogenology, 198, 2023 and 231; Oberlender et al.

Classical route to ergodicity and scarring in collective quantum systems.

Ergodicity, a fundamental concept in statistical mechanics, is not yet a fully understood phenomena for closed quantum systems, particularly its connection with the underlying chaos. In this review, we consider a few examples of collective quantum systems to unveil the intricate relationship of ergodicity as well as its deviation due to quantum scarring phenomena with their classical counterpart. A comprehensive overview of classical and quantum chaos is provided, along with the tools essential for their detection.

Zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles can improve semen quality and heat shock protein expression in cryopreserved goat (Capra hircus) spermatozoa.

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are strongly linked with oxidative stress (OS) generated during the process of sperm cryopreservation. Indeed, cellular damage from ROS has been implicated during sperm cryopreservation which causes deterioration in sperm quality and antioxidant nanoparticles (NPs) have been successful in preventing such damage. The interaction of NPs with sperm cells has been less frequently explored in farm animals.

In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on the Efficacy of Zinc-Oxide and Selenium Nanoparticle in Cryopreserved Goat (Capra hircus) Spermatozoa.

Different nanoparticles (NPs) are currently being investigated for their potential role as cryoprotectant during semen cryopreservation in several mammalian species. It may be possible to improve semen quality following cryopreservation by supplementation of NPs in the freezing extenders. The present study was carried out in semen collected from four (4) Assam Hill Goat bucks (10 ejaculates per buck) to investigate the effect of supplementing zinc oxide (ZnO) and selenium (Se) NPs in Tris-citric acid-fructose yolk (TCFY) extender on in vitro sperm quality and in vivo fertility rate after freeze-thawing.

Studies on nanomaterial-based p-type semiconductor gas sensors.

The development of various metal oxide semiconductor materials has resulted in better performance of the gas sensors in terms of selectivity, sensitivity, and response time. Different types of nanostructured materials, i.e.

Quantum transitions, ergodicity, and quantum scars in the coupled top model.

We consider an interacting collective spin model known as coupled top (CT), exhibiting a rich variety of phenomena related to quantum transitions, ergodicity, and formation of quantum scars, discussed in our previous work [Mondal, Sinha, and Sinha, Phys. Rev. E 102, 020101(R) (2020)2470-004510.

Dynamical route to ergodicity and quantum scarring in kicked coupled top.

Unlike classical systems, understanding ergodicity from phase space mixing remains unclear for interacting quantum systems due to the absence of phase space trajectories. By considering an interacting spin model known as kicked coupled top, we elucidate the manifestation of phase space dynamics on local ergodic behavior of its quantum counterpart and quantum scarring phenomena. A transition to chaos occurs by increasing the kicking strength, and in the mixed phase space, the islands of regular motions within the chaotic sea clearly exhibit deviation from ergodicity, which we quantify from entanglement entropy and survival probability.

Fingerprint of chaos and quantum scars in kicked Dicke model: an out-of-time-order correlator study.

We investigate the onset of chaos in a periodically kicked Dicke model (KDM), using the out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC) as a diagnostic tool, in both the oscillator and the spin subspaces. In the large spin limit, the classical Hamiltonian map is constructed, which allows us to investigate the corresponding phase space dynamics and to compute the Lyapunov exponent. We show that the growth rate of the OTOC for the canonically conjugate coordinates of the oscillator is able to capture the Lyapunov exponent in the chaotic regime.

Chaos and Quantum Scars in Bose-Josephson Junction Coupled to a Bosonic Mode.

We consider a model describing Bose-Josephson junction (BJJ) coupled to a single bosonic mode exhibiting quantum phase transition (QPT). Onset of chaos above QPT is observed from semiclassical dynamics as well from spectral statistics. Based on entanglement entropy, we analyze the ergodic behavior of eigenstates with increasing energy density which also reveals the influence of dynamical steady state known as π-mode on it.

Chaos and quantum scars in a coupled top model.

We consider a coupled top model describing two interacting large spins, which is studied semiclassically as well as quantum mechanically. This model exhibits a variety of interesting phenomena such as a quantum phase transition (QPT), a dynamical transition, and excited-state quantum phase transitions above a critical coupling strength. Both classical dynamics and entanglement entropy reveal ergodic behavior at the center of the energy density band for an intermediate range of coupling strength above QPT, where the level spacing distribution changes from Poissonian to Wigner-Dyson statistics.

Cortical source localization during facial emotion recognition in bipolar mania: An ERP study.

Facial emotion recognition has enormous value for humans in social cognition and thereby day to day functioning. Disturbances in the processing of emotional cues are seen in all the three phases of bipolar disorder and have been proposed as an etiology in the development of bipolar disorder. 30 consented patients with bipolar mania with psychotic symptoms and 30 age and sex matched healthy controls were taken for the study.

Dissipative Bose-Josephson junction coupled to bosonic baths.

We investigate the effect of dissipation in a Bose-Josephson junction (BJJ) coupled to baths of bosons at its two sites. Apart from the dynamical transition due to repulsive interactions, the BJJ undergoes a quantum phase transition by increasing the coupling strength with the bath modes. We analyze this system by mapping to an equivalent spin model coupled to the bosonic modes.

Medical and scientific writing: Time to go lean and mean.

The Lean Six Sigma methodology for process improvements and driving efficiency is old, but lean writing was adopted late by the pharmaceutical world in terms of size of the documents. The documents were lean earlier, and then became voluminous, and now we are about to complete a full circle in this regard, i.e.

Effect of thawing methods on frozen semen quality of yak (Poephagus grunniens L.) bulls.

Aim: To evaluate different thawing temperatures and duration on the post-thaw semen quality of Indian yaks bulls.

Materials And Methods: Semen ejaculates from four different yak bulls were collected using artificial vagina method and extended with tris extender containing 6.4% glycerol at 35°C, cooled gradually from 35°C to 5°C at 1°C/3 min and equilibrated at 4-5°C for 4 h and frozen in French mini straws using a programmable bio-freezer and finally stored in liquid nitrogen.