Undifferentiated Carcinoma With Osteoclast-like Giant Cells of the Pancreaticobiliary Tract: A Single Tertiary-Care-Oncology Center Case Series.

Undifferentiated carcinomas with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreaticobiliary tract (UCOGCs) are rare but distinctive tumors with limited literature. To study the clinicopathologic characteristics of UCOGCs including morphology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), management, and survival outcomes. Assessment of 12 patients of UCOGC found over 10 years from a tertiary care oncology center database.

Feminizing Adrenal Tumour - A Case Series from a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India.

Introduction: Benign adrenal tumours are frequently seen in endocrinology, affecting mostly men in middle aged. But incidentalomas are more common in the elderly. Functional adrenal tumours most commonly secrete cortisol, aldosterone and very rarely, oestrogen.

Primary Yolk Sac Tumor of the Stomach in a 2-Year-Old Boy: Case Report on a Rare Site for Extragonadal Malignant Germ Cell Tumor.

Up to one-third of germ cell tumors are extragonadal neoplasms, with yolk sac tumors (YSTs) being the most common malignant histology. This report describes the successful multimodal management of a primary YST of the stomach in a 2-year-old boy. The child presented with melena, and further evaluation revealed a mass lesion in the cardia of the stomach.

Cardiac Fibroblast Receptors: A Preclinical Dive Into Their Regulatory Influence on Cardiovascular Diseases.

Cardiac fibroblasts contribute to the heart's structural, electrical, and chemical integrity. Research has shown that cardiac fibroblasts have a variety of receptors that play an essential role in heart healing and function by maintaining control of autophagy, cell growth, breakdown and renewal of extracellular matrix, as well as signalling molecule production such as growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Receptors like endothelin, angiotensin, and DDR2 contribute to the development of cardiac fibrosis.

Endosomal RFFL ubiquitin ligase regulates mitochondrial morphology by targeting mitofusin 2.

Mitochondrial homeostasis is ensured through communication between diverse cellular organelles, including mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes and endosomes. Although it is known that mitofusins regulate mitochondrial networks and ER contacts, their role in endosomal-mitochondrial interactions remains unclear. Previously, we have reported that vesicles positive for the endosomal ubiquitin ligase RFFL are associated with damaged mitochondria and prime the organelle for PRKN recruitment.

Unmasking Skull Base Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumors: A Rare and Treatable Cause of Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia.

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare syndrome caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors that secrete substances, like FGF23, leading to phosphorus loss and osteomalacia. These tumors are often small and challenging to locate. Surgical excision is the primary treatment and usually results in symptomatic improvement.

Insights into Diabetes Muscle Infarction: Clinical Characteristics and Outcome.

Background: Diabetes muscle infarction (DMI) is a common misdiagnosed and under-reported diabetes complication. This causes a delay in diagnosis, which increases the morbidity of the disease.

Objective: To review all cases of DMI and its pathogenesis, clinical features, prognostic implications, and management.

An Innovative Transmission Electron Microscopy-Based Ultrastructural Imaging Methodology for the Diagnosis of Respiratory Ciliary Disorders.

Transmission electron microscopy is a classical methodology for diagnosing many ciliary disorders. However, heterogeneity in sampling, low yield of ciliary epithelium by cytology, improper fixation, and different orientations of cylindrical axes of cilia section create difficulties in achieving the appropriate ciliary ultrastructure for diagnosis. We have reported an improvement in the number and proportion of ciliary epithelial cells up to 32 times.

Genomic Profiling of Driver Gene Alterations in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Patterns of Treatment and Impact on Survival Outcomes: A Single Center Experience of More Than 1200 Patients.

Background: The utility of Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) in patients of non-small-cell-lung-cancer (NSCLC) has led to an exponential increase in the identification of driver-gene alterations, however, Indian NGS data was lacking.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study conducted between May'2019 and Dec'2023 included histologically confirmed NSCLC cases with NGS testing done on tissue and/or liquid biopsy samples prior to treatment initiation. We reported the frequency of driver-gene alterations, clinicopathological profile, treatment patterns, and outcomes [Overall-Survival (OS)].

Hypercalcemia Due to Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis.

Hypercalcemia is a relatively common clinical problem, and evaluation for its etiology may often prove to be challenging. However, a thorough etiological workup can guide effective therapy and can often prove to be lifesaving. We describe a 61-year-old man who presented with fever, anorexia, and weight loss for 3 months, and altered sensorium for around 1 week.

Aberrant Expression of Pneumocytic Markers (TTF-1 and Napsin-A) in Biliary Duct and Gallbladder Adenocarcinomas; A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall.

Cholangiocarcinomas and gallbladder carcinomas are epithelial tumours with biliary differentiation. On histology and immunohistochemistry, they resemble adenocarcinomas and possess overlapping immunohistochemical profiles. Diagnosing these tumours is best done using appropriate imaging and clinical features with compatible immunohistochemistry.

rs6732655A/T polymorphism: Diagnostic and therapeutic insights for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Background: A significant subset of individuals with epilepsy fails to respond to currently available antiepileptic drugs, resulting in heightened mortality rates, psychosocial challenges, and a diminished quality of life. Genetic factors, particularly within the gene, and the pro-inflammatory cytokine response is important in intricating the drug resistance in idiopathic epilepsy cases. In this extended study, we determined the correlation of rs6732655A/T single nucleotide polymorphism to understand the causative association of gene with epilepsy drug resistance and inflammatory response.

Leishmania donovani Modulates Macrophage Lipidome During Infection.

Obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, Leishmania donovani, causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis, led to impaired macrophage functions. It is well documented that many of these changes were induced by parasite-mediated reduction in macrophage cholesterol content. Leishmania-mediated alteration in the other lipids has not been explored in detail yet.

Correction: Deep learning based automated epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase status prediction of brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.

Performance of Low-Dose Immunotherapy and Standard-Dose Immunotherapy in Microsatellite Instability-High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Real-World Data (CLouD-High Study).

Purpose: Standard-dose immune checkpoint inhibitors (SD-ICIs) are the standard of care as initial therapy in microsatellite instable-high (MSI-H) advanced/metastatic colorectal adenocarcinomas (mCRC), but there are preclinical data to suggest that low-dose ICIs (LD-ICI) might also have similar efficacy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of patients with MSI-H mCRC receiving ICIs between June 2017 and January 2023 was conducted. The primary end point of the study was 12-month progression-free survival (PFS), which was computed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Sheehan's Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Obesity, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance are associated with hypopituitarism. The association between these conditions and Sheehan's syndrome (SS) caused by post-partum pituitary gland necrosis is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk surrogate markers in SS patients, and we compared clinical, biochemical and radiological testing with healthy controls.

Reversible central adrenal insufficiency in survivors of COVID-19: results from a 24-month longitudinal study.

Objective: We studied the temporal course of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) dysfunction in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: Three hundred and two patients (median age 54 years (interquartile range (IQR) 42-64), 76% males) were recruited. The HPA axis was evaluated by morning cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) at admission (n = 232).

Genetics of 67 patients of suspected primary ciliary dyskinesia from India.

Data are limited on the genetic profile of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) from developing countries. Here, we report one of the first study on genetic profile of patients with suspected PCD from India. In this prospective cross-sectional study, we enrolled 162 children with suspected PCD.

CA 19-9 Surveillance Detects Recurrences Early and Contributes to Improvement in Survival in Resected Ampullary Cancers: Analysis of 572 cases.

Objective: To determine the clinical utility of serum CA 19-9 surveillance for detecting recurrences in resected ampullary carcinomas (ACs).

Introduction: Although an established prognostic marker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the value of CA 19-9 in resected ACs during follow-up is unknown.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of ACs undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy at Tata Memorial Centre-Mumbai, from January 2012 to January 2020 was performed.