Comprehensive staging system for nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: Integrating anatomical and functional parameters.

Background: Staging systems for nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (NA) have traditionally shown inconsistencies in anatomical prioritization and have not adequately incorporated functional considerations.

Methods: A novel, comprehensive staging system was developed through expert consensus (N = 8) using the Delphi method. This system consists of three components: (1) Composite Anatomical Status (CAS) comprising of tumor extensions in all anterior, posterior, lateral, and superior directions; (2) Composite Symptom Score (CSS) that grades the patient's clinical symptomatology; and (3) Functional Performance Status (FPS) that describes subjective assessment of surgical feasibility based on day to day functional wellbeing.

Can Clinical/ Endocrinal Surrogates Predict Specific Hormone Therapy in Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma? Current Evidence.

Unlabelled: Objective: In an attempt to rationalize Hormone therapy (HT) in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) this study intends to investigate the pituitary axis and clinical profile to further establish dominant hormonal-environment based upon secondary sexual characteristics along with other novel possibilities for HT. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Tertiary health care centre.

Electron microscopy of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: clinical and histopathological correlates.

Background: The histological and electron-microscopic (EM) characteristics of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) have been described but no study has compared them with one another or with clinical features. The objective is to compare ultrastructural characteristics of JNA with clinical parameters.

Methods: This prospective study included histology of 21 samples of which only 13 underwent transmission-EM.

Olfaction in Primary Atrophic Rhinitis and Effect of Treatment.

Objective: To assess olfactory and clinical morbidity in primary (idiopathic)-type atrophic rhinitis and its course following treatment.

Study Design: Prospective nonrandomized controlled cohort study with follow-up.

Setting: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of a university hospital (tertiary heath care center).

Olfaction in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: The first study.

Background: To study the pattern of olfactory dysfunction/recovery in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA).

Methods: Olfactory assessment was undertaken in 30 patients (category1) both pre- & post-operatively and in another 18 (category 2) only postoperative. All patients underwent transpalatal excision and variables of interest included age, radiological stage/parameters & tumor size.

Brain Stem and Audio-Vestibular Regulation.

The central pathologies present with perverted auditory perception and compromised postural control. Considering the existing controversy this study involves assessments of 100 cases of post fossa tumefactions in which a detailed clinical and neuro-otological (pure tone audiometry, electronystagmography, brainstem evoked response audiometry) profile is compared with their imaging patterns. The CP angle schwannomas (N = 26) presented with abnormal speech tests (N = 18), abnormal auditory adaptation (N = 7) and ABR with pathologically increased latency of wave V (N = 32), poor formation of wave I (N = 31) along with abnormal inter-wave interval (N = 32).

Clinical correlation of molecular (VEGF, FGF, PDGF, c-Myc, c-Kit, Ras, p53) expression in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Background: A molecular surrogate may exist for the clinical behaviour of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA).

Methods: In 9-14 cases, a 'correlation' of clinical behaviour with molecular expression (m-RNA expression through RT-PCR) of VEGF, FGF, PDGF, Ras, c-Myc, c-Kit and p53 was undertaken.

Results: A comparison of the two extremes of expressions characterized some specific clinical phenotypes for every marker except c-Myc.

Juvenile 'Perinasal' Angiofibroma.

The extranasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a separate clinical entity but those involving infratemporal fossa and cheek resemble juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) and hence have been labelled as juvenile perinasal angiofibroma (JPA) in this paper. This paper presents a 7th case of JPA and attempts to review the world literature on JPA, along with a proposal of staging the disease. A 16 year male presented with a painless compressible facial swelling since 7 months without any epistaxis or nasal obstruction.

Current molecular profile of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: First comprehensive study from India.

Objective: An attempt is made to analyze the molecular behavior of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA).

Study Design: Case Series METHODS: Quantification of mRNAs expression was undertaken through real-time polymerase chain reaction in JNA (9-24) samples for VEGF-A, basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), platelet-derived growth factor PDGF-A, KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (c-Kit), Avian myelomatosis viral oncogene homolog (c-Myc), Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (H-Ras), tumor suppressor gene TP53, and androgen receptor and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The β-catenin expression was evaluated by western blot in 16 samples.

Time trends in recurrence of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: Experience of the past 4 decades.

Background: An analysis of time distribution of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) from the last 4 decades is presented.

Methods: Sixty recurrences were analyzed as per actuarial survival. SPSS software was used to generate Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and time distributions were compared by Log-rank, Breslow and Tarone-Ware test.

True bilateral nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: report and review.

This report describes the third case of a true bilateral Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA), i.e. two separate JNA arising from both sides simultaneously.

Simultaneous estimation of size, radial and angular locations of a malignant tumor in a 3-D human breast - A numerical study.

This article reports a numerical study pertaining to simultaneous estimation of size, radial location and angular location of a malignant tumor in a 3-D human breast. The breast skin surface temperature profile is specific to a tumor of specific size and location. The temperature profiles are always the Gaussian one, though their peak magnitudes and areas differ according to the size and location of the tumor.

Suitability of frequency modulated thermal wave imaging for skin cancer detection-A theoretical prediction.

A theoretical study on the quantification of surface thermal response of cancerous human skin using the frequency modulated thermal wave imaging (FMTWI) technique has been presented in this article. For the first time, the use of the FMTWI technique for the detection and the differentiation of skin cancer has been demonstrated in this article. A three dimensional multilayered skin has been considered with the counter-current blood vessels in individual skin layers along with different stages of cancerous lesions based on geometrical, thermal and physical parameters available in the literature.

Study of thermal behavior of a biological tissue: an equivalence of Pennes bioheat equation and Wulff continuum model.

Equivalence of Pennes bioheat equation (PBHE) and Wulff continuum model (WCM) is established for a 1-D planar tissue. The derived condition of equivalence is specific to tissue without metabolic heat generation. Mathematical analysis is carried out to relate blood perfusion rate and local mean blood velocity that are needed in the analysis of WCM.

Thermographic evaluation of early melanoma within the vascularized skin using combined non-Newtonian blood flow and bioheat models.

A theoretical study on vascularized skin model to predict the thermal evaluation criteria of early melanoma using the dynamic thermal imaging technique is presented in this article. Thermographic evaluation of melanoma has been carried out during the thermal recovery of skin from undercooled condition. During thermal recovery, the skin has been exposed to natural convection, radiation, and evaporation.

Laser-induced hyperthermia of nanoshell mediated vascularized tissue - a numerical study.

Laser-induced hyperthermia treatment of tumor in a 2-D axisymmetric tissue embedded with moderate size (100-150µm) blood vessels is studied. Laser absorption is enhanced by embedding gold-silica nanoshells in the tumor. Heat transfer in the tissue is modeled using Weinbaum-Jiji bioheat transfer equation.

Numerical analysis for determination of the presence of a tumor and estimation of its size and location in a tissue.

This article deals with the numerical analysis to ascertain the presence of a tumor and to estimate its size and location in a tissue. Heat transfer in the tissue is modeled using the Pennes bioheat transfer equation, and is solved using the finite volume method. Consideration is given to 1-D brain and breast tissues.

Prevalence of hearing impairement in the district of Lucknow, India.

A multi-cluster study (survey) was carried out by department of ENT KG Medical University, Lucknow from July 2003 to August 2004 in rural and urban population of Lucknow district to estimate prevalence and causes of hearing impairment in the community. Data included audiological profile and basic ear examination that was analysed through EARFORM software program of WHO. Overall hearing impairment was seen in 15.

Comparative efficacy of steroid nasal spray versus antihistamine nasal spray in allergic rhinitis.

This prospective randomized case controlled study was conducted to determine the efficacy of antihistamine (azelastine) nasal spray and compare it to steroid (beclomethasone) nasal spray on the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Seventy five symptomatic patients of allergic rhinitis were included in this study. Diagnosis was made on the basis of history and physical examination.

Inverted papilloma of nose with orbital involvement and malignant transformation.

We report two cases of inverted papilloma of nose with malignant transformation and orbital involvement in 60 year and 73 year male patients from Nepal. Medial maxillectomy and orbital exenteration were done in both cases. Histo- pathological examination showed areas of squamous cell carcinoma in inverted papilloma in both of the cases.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of paranasal sinuses.

Aneurysmal hone cyst is rare in paranasal sinuses. It may be uni or multilocutar It occurs alone or with other benign bone lesions. The exact pathogenesis of it is still unknown.