Williams syndrome: a case series.

Pediatricians awareness about malformation syndromes can help in their timely diagnosis. Williams syndrome is a microdeletion syndrome associated with characteristic facial features and behavioral phenotype. Diagnosis can be confirmed by fluorescence-in-situ hybridization or multiplex ligation probe amplification.

Association of risk factors with spontaneous preterm birth after 28 weeks and neonatal outcome--a case-control study in a tertiary care referral centre.

This prospective case-control study was carried out in patients admitted in Government Lady Goschen Hospital, Mangalore to study the risk factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth after 28 weeks and its neonatal outcome when compared with term birth. One hundred women who were admitted in labour of gestational age 28 to 37 weeks were included in study group and similarly 100 women of more than 37 weeks were in the control group. Height, weight and body mass index were significant risk factors associated with preterm birth.

Fetus papyraceous: a rare cause for obstruction to spontaneous placental expulsion.

Fetus papyraceous is a mummified compressed fetus occurring in association with a viable twin. Incidence of this rare condition is 1 in 12,500 cases of twins. We report a case of fetus papyraceous which caused obstruction to spontaneous expulsion of placenta.