A National Cancer Database Analysis of the Trends in Conversion from Robotic-Assisted Proctectomy to Laparotomy in Rectal Cancer.

Robotic-assisted proctectomy (RAP) has been reportedly associated with lower rates of conversion to laparotomy than laparoscopy in several cohort studies. This st0udy aimed to assess the temporal trends in conversion from RAP to laparotomy stratified by patient and treatment-related factors. This retrospective observational study was undertaken to analyse the temporal trends in unplanned conversion from RAP to laparotomy.

Society of Black Academic Surgeons (SBAS) diversity, equity and inclusion series: A review of surgical disparities in the vulnerable communities of the USA - The black community (Part I).

Background: Surgical health care disparities remain pervasive in the US, with historically marginalized communities disproportionately suffering from numerous health disorders and experiencing excess mortality compared to the majority community. The African American/Black community remains one of those historically challenged communities and efforts to help mitigate these health care disparities are ongoing.

Methods: To aid in this issue, The Society of Black Academic Surgeons (SBAS) convened a series of presentations and a panel discussion by leaders from SBAS to better articulate disease specific health care disparities in the Black community.

Perineal salvage surgery for prolapse of ileal pouch anal anastomosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) prolapse is a rare mechanical complication, with a paucity of literature on frequency and management. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and management outcomes of perineal salvage procedures (SPs) for IPAA prolapse.

Methods: Systematic search conducted in PubMed and Scopus with an additional search of relevant cross-referenced literature on experimental and observational human studies involving IPAA for ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis from database inception to March 2023.

Medical therapies to prevent relapse of Crohn's disease after surgery: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease is common. Prophylactic medical treatment against recurrence is advocated, but the most effective regimen is still debatable. This network meta-analysis aimed to compare different types of medical treatments for trying to prevent Crohn's disease recurrence.

Association between anastomotic leak after rectal resection and bowel dysfunction, a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Anastomotic leak (AL) after colorectal anastomosis can be a risk factor for bowel dysfunction, namely low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). The present study aimed to assess bowel dysfunction in patients who developed AL after anterior resection compared to patients without AL.

Methods: We conducted a PRISMA-compliant systematic review of PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library for randomized and observational studies investigating the association between AL after anterior resection and bowel dysfunction.

Long-term comparative outcomes after ileocecal resection for inflammatory versus complicated Crohn's disease. A multicenter, retrospective study (Crohn´s-Urg).

Background: Surgical intervention in Crohn's disease (CD) is often reserved for complications or failure of medical therapy. However, the benefits of early ileocecal resection for inflammatory phenotype (ICR) in patients with uncomplicated disease remain debated, particularly regarding long-term outcomes compared with complicated cases.

Methods: This international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study evaluated long-term outcomes of ICR in patients with inflammatory (uncomplicated) and complicated CD phenotypes.

Assessment of the Utility of Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbots in Patient Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BackgroundChatbots and large language models, particularly ChatGPT, have led to an increasing number of studies on the potential for chatbots in patient education. In this systematic review, we aimed to provide a pooled assessment of the appropriateness and accuracy of chatbot responses in patient education across various medical disciplines.MethodsThis was a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis.

Impact of neoadjuvant treatment on functional outcomes after transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME)-a case series.

Background: Total mesorectal excision (TME) is known to adversely impact functional outcomes. In a recent Phase II multicenter prospective trial, significant decline in defecatory and sexual function and fecal incontinence-related quality of life (FIQL) was documented following transanal TME (taTME) for rectal cancer, with neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) identified as a predictor of worse function. However, the impact of NAT on baseline function is poorly understood.

Association between the type of pre-existing adenoma and response of rectal cancer to neoadjuvant therapy.

Background: Several factors influence response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for locally advanced rectal cancer. One potentially relevant factor not previously studied is the type of pre-existing adenoma. We aimed to investigate the association between the type of pre-existing adenoma and response of rectal cancer to NAT and examine the tumor characteristics by adenoma type.

Evaluating the effectiveness of a Delphi-validated educational video in enhancing awareness and understanding of predatory journals among residents and medical students.

Background: This study seeks to assess the impact of a Delphi-validated educational video on improving comprehension of predatory journals among medical students and residents.

Methodology: Participants completed pre-video (11 questions) and post-video (19 questions) questionnaires on the same day after viewing our Delphi-validated video, with a subsequent follow-up assessment 30 days later (19 questions). Each of the three assessments included a core set of questions focused on predatory journals.

Outcomes of Organ-Preserving Local Excision Compared to Radical Resection in Stage I Early-Onset Rectal Cancer: A Propensity-Score SEER-Based Analysis.

Background: Organ-preserving approaches to rectal cancer have shown promising results in reducing adverse events and improving quality of life without compromising oncologic outcomes. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of organ-preserving local excision (LE) and radical resection (RR) for patients with stage I early-onset rectal cancer.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients aged 20-50 years with clinical stage I rectal cancer were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2000-2020).

Association Between Mesorectal Grade and Oncologic Outcomes in Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

We aimed to clarify the impact of TME grading on recurrence and survival. PubMed and Scopus were searched. The main outcome measures were local and distant recurrence and overall survival.

Fragility Index analysis for robustness of evidence in Randomized Controlled Trials in National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for rectal cancer.

Robustness of evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is crucial for guiding clinical decisions in rectal cancer. We evaluated the reliability of RCTs cited by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for rectal cancer using the Fragility Index (FI) that quantifies the stability of trial outcomes. RCTs referenced in the latest NCCN guidelines for rectal cancer were reviewed.

Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Before Simultaneous Resection of Colon Cancer and Liver Metastases: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis.

Background: There has been a controversy about the optimal management of colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Both upfront surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy are viable options for CLM. The present study aimed to assess the short-term and survival outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy before simultaneous resection of primary colon cancer and liver metastases.

Does the Sequence of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis Matter for Patients with Multiple Primary Cancers? A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database Cohort Study.

Background: We aimed to assess features and outcomes of isolated primary colorectal cancer (CRC) compared with CRC presenting in a sequence of multiple primary cancers.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort including patients with stage I to IV colorectal adenocarcinoma from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (from 2000 to 2020) was assessed. Patients were classified into 3 groups as follows: group A, CRC as the only malignancy; group B, CRC as the first of multiple primary malignancies; and group C, CRC as the second of multiple primary malignancies.

Impact of a Patient-centered Program for Low Anterior Resection Syndrome: A Multicenter, Single-blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) patient-centered program (LARS-PCP)-an informational and guided self-management intervention-on global quality of life (QoL) after surgery in comparison to standard care.

Background: Self-management using conservative measures is the cornerstone of LARS treatment; however, due to the individual and symptom-based nature of LARS, self-management largely consists of unguided troubleshooting with minimal success.

Methods: Adult patients who had undergone a restorative proctectomy with a diverting ostomy and who were scheduled for ostomy closure were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into 1 of 2 arms: LARS-PCP or standard care.

Cancer-specific survival of colorectal adenocarcinomas according to the type of pre-existing adenoma: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry analysis.

Background: More than 90% of colorectal cancers originate from preexisting adenomas. The present study aimed to assess the association between the type of preexisting adenomas and cancer-specific survival of subsequent colorectal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry 2000-2020 on patients surgically treated for colorectal adenocarcinomas with known types of preexisting adenomas.

Outcomes of intended temporary stomas in Crohn's disease (INTESTINE study): international, multicentre, retrospective study.

Background: Patients with ileocolic Crohn's disease often require surgery that can result in temporary stoma formation. Stomas are associated with a morbidity and can negatively impact quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the short-term (6-month) and mid-term (18-month) outcomes of intended temporary stomas in patients with Crohn's disease.

A literature review on the role of artificial intelligence-based chatbots in patient education in colorectal surgery.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence-based chatbots are becoming increasingly used in patient education, in the realm of colorectal diseases. Perhaps, not surprisingly, concerns about the appropriateness of chatbot answers have been raised by healthcare professionals. Numerous studies have explored the utility and accuracy of chatbots in providing information in several clinical disciplines.