A priori optimization of levofloxacin dose regimen based on a population pharmacokinetics model.

Background: Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone with pharmacokinetic characteristics that facilitate its use in many types of infections.

Objectives: To develop a population pharmacokinetics (PK) model of levofloxacin and to identify covariates influencing its PK, to determine the best dose regimens for pharmacodynamic target achievement.

Patients And Methods: Patients treated with levofloxacin were retrospectively included from December 2014 to February 2021.

Bacterial epidemiology and antibiotic resistance rates in male urinary tract infections in France, 2019-2023.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the bacterial epidemiology and antibiotic resistance rates of bacterial isolates collected from urine specimens in male patients with suspected urinary tract infection (UTI).

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included routine data from midstream urine cultures of adult male patients with suspected UTI admitted to the emergency departments of 15 hospitals from 2019 to 2023. Urinalysis was performed according to the recommendations of the French Society for Microbiology and bacterial identification was carried out using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

Synovial Biomarkers C-Reactive Protein and Calprotectin for Diagnosing Chronic Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Prospective Multicenter Evaluation.

Background: The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a challenge in clinical practice, and synovial fluid (SF) analysis is a valuable diagnostic tool. Recently, two synovial biomarkers (leukocyte esterase strip test and alpha-defensin [AD]) have been incorporated within the MSIS (Musculoskeletal Infection Society) algorithm for PJI diagnosis. Although AD is promising, with high sensitivity and specificity, it remains expensive.

A European survey on anaerobes from paediatric blood cultures: a comparative analysis with adults.

Infections caused by anaerobes are common in children. However, limited data are available on bloodstream infections caused by these bacteria in Europe. A multicentre retrospective observational study was conducted over a 4-year period (2020-2023) across 44 European hospitals to analyze all anaerobes isolated from blood cultures.

Real-Time PCR Helicobacter pylori Test in Comparison With Culture and Histology for Helicobacter pylori Detection and Identification of Resistance to Clarithromycin: A Single-Center Real-Life Study.

Background: In our center, RT-PCR was integrated as a routine method to diagnose Helicobacter pylori due to its higher availability after COVID-19 pandemics. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and performance of systematically performed RT-PCR for H. pylori detection and clarithromycin (CLA) resistance in a real-life clinical practice.

Antimicrobial activity of new anti-Pseudomonas beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitors against Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory isolates recovered during the study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program in France (2016-2022).

Objectives: To assess the susceptibility of ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and comparators to Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from respiratory-tract-infections (RTI) between 2016-2022 in the French SMART study.

Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 717 P.aeruginosa isolates collected in five French hospitals were determined and interpreted according to the EUCAST-2022 guidelines.

Diagnostic and epidemiological landscape of anaerobic bacteria in Europe, 2020-2023 (ANAEuROBE).

Introduction: Despite being implicated in a wide spectrum of community- and healthcare-acquired infections, anaerobes have not yet been incorporated into systematic surveillance programs in Europe.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre retrospective observational study analysing all anaerobic strains isolated from blood cultures in 44 European Hospital Centres over a 4-y period (2020-2023). Diagnostic approach, epidemiology, and antimicrobial susceptibility according to EUCAST v.

Hospital outbreak of NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a surgical intensive care unit: Sink traps as the causing source of epidemic strain resurgence.

We report the management of a New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae outbreak in a surgical intensive care unit over 1 year. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales were isolated from sink traps. The installation of new sink traps closed the outbreak.

National Cohort of Compassionate Use of Meropenem-Vaborbactam: No Benefit over Meropenem for .

Background: Meropenem-vaborbactam (MEM-VAB) is a novel carbapenem-beta-lactamase-inhibitor combination that demonstrates activity against carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative bacteria, and more specifically KPC-producers, since vaborbactam is an effective inhibitor of KPC enzymes in vitro. This study aimed to describe the initial uses and efficacy of MEM-VAB for compassionate treatment during the first 21 months following its early access in France.

Method: A national multicenter retrospective study was conducted, including all patients who received at least one dose of MEM-VAB between 20 July 2020, and 5 April 2022.

Epidemiological and bacteriological trends from 2013 to 2023 of carbapenemase-producing enterobacterales (CPE) in a French university hospital: A permanent risk of outbreak.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and bacteriological trends of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) at Nantes University Hospital from 2013 to 2023.

Methods: Potential CPE carriers were prospectively detected, and their contacts were systematically screened for CPE digestive colonization. A retrospective study was conducted from 2013 to 2023 (on patient characteristics) and from 2016 to 2023 (on CPE characteristics).

Ciprofloxacin-susceptible but levofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains with Vitek2: which mechanism involved and consequences in case of fluoroquinolone treatment?

Purpose: Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains isolated harbored sometimes an atypical phenotype using the automated Vitek2: ciprofloxacin-susceptibility but levofloxacin-resistance according to 2019 CA-SFM criteria. The aims of this study are to investigate the resistance mechanism(s) involved and to identify the consequences on fluoroquinolone treatment.

Methods: Strain resistance profile, patient's data were recovered and reviewed from the database.

Outcomes of infective endocarditis according to MIC of amoxicillin: a multicentric study.

Background: The incidence of infective endocarditis is increasing over time. Data on the impact of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amoxicillin on treatment outcomes are scarce. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of infective endocarditis and to evaluate whether the MIC of amoxicillin might influence mortality.

Efficacy and safety of co-trimoxazole in device-related bone and joint infections: a CRIOGO multicentre case-control study.

Objectives: Co-trimoxazole could be an alternative antibiotic to treat device-related bone and joint infection (BJI) but there are few published data about its efficacy and safety in this complex scenario to treat infection. The objective was to compare the outcome of patients with device-related BJI treated with an antibiotic regimen including co-trimoxazole versus a regimen without co-trimoxazole.

Methods: This multicentre case-control study included consecutive adult patients diagnosed with device-related BJI.

Pro-inflammatory activity of Cutibacterium acnes phylotype IA and extracellular vesicles: An in vitro study.

Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that involves Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), which is classified into six main phylotypes (IA, IA, IB, IC, II and III). Acne development is associated with loss of C.

Unusual Cutibacterium acnes splenic abscess with bacteremia in an immunocompetent man: phylotyping and clonal complex analysis.

Background: Cutibacterium acnes is an anaerobic bacterium mostly implicated in cutaneous and body-implant infections. Splenic abscess is a rare entity and C. acnes abscesses have only exceptionally been reported.

Biofilm of Cutibacterium acnes: a target of different active substances.

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis. Cutibacterium acnes plays a crucial role in the acne pathophysiology. Recent works present evidence of C.

A prospective multicentre evaluation of BioFire® Joint Infection Panel for the rapid microbiological documentation of acute arthritis.

Objectives: To assess the performance of the rapid syndromic BioFire® Joint Infection Panel (BF-JIP) to detect bacterial and fungal pathogens, as well as antibiotic resistance genes, directly in synovial fluid specimens collected from patients with acute arthritis.

Methods: The study was conducted in six French bacteriological laboratories. To assess the performances of BF-JIP, results were compared with those of synovial fluid 14-day culture and, in case of discrepancy, with those of complementary molecular methods and intraoperative samples.

Comparative effectiveness of empirical antibiotic treatments in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis: A post hoc analysis of a prospective French cohort study.

Objectives: The empirical treatment of infective endocarditis is still debated. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of empirical treatment with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP) or cefazolin vs. other treatments in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) endocarditis.

Immediate vs. culture-initiated antibiotic therapy in suspected non-severe ventilator-associated pneumonia: a before-after study (DELAVAP).

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the leading nosocomial infection in critical care and is associated with adverse outcomes. When VAP is suspected, starting antibiotic therapy (AT) immediately after pulmonary sampling may expose uninfected patients to unnecessary treatment, whereas waiting for bacteriological confirmation may delay AT in infected patients. As no robust data exist to choose between these strategies, the decision must balance the pre-test diagnostic probability, clinical severity, and risk of antimicrobial resistance.

Staphylococcus succinus Infective Endocarditis, France.

Infective endocarditis is a rare condition in humans and is associated with high illness and death rates. We describe a case of infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus succinus bacteria in France. We used several techniques for susceptibility testing for this case to determine the oxacillin profile.

Dalbavancin plasma concentrations in 133 patients: a PK/PD observational study.

Objectives: Limited pharmacokinetics data support dalbavancin long-term use in off-label indications and the optimal dosing regimen is debated. We aimed to describe dalbavancin concentrations in an observational retrospective multicentre study.

Methods: Patients from 13 French hospitals, treated with 1500 mg doses of dalbavancin and for whom therapeutic drug monitoring was performed from June 2018 to March 2021 were included.

Acne microbiome: From phyla to phylotypes.

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis. Traditionally, the primary pathophysiologic factors in acne have been thought to be: (1) altered sebum production, (2) inflammation, (3) excess keratinization and (4) colonization with the commensal Cutibacterium acnes. However, the role of C.