Fluticasone propionate in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP): an artificial intelligence-driven consensus.

Introduction: Fluticasone propionate (FP) is a topical corticosteroid used to treat rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). However, the need for a consensus on its use stems from the increasing focus on optimizing topical therapies to improve clinical outcomes and minimize systemic side effects.

Materials And Methods: The Butterfly Decisions AI platform facilitated the collection and integration of evaluations and feedback, facilitating an expert consensus on 13 statements.

α-Synuclein-Related Mitochondria-Nrf2 Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease Olfactory Mucosa.

Objective: The objective of this study was to outline the dynamics of the mitochondrial network and cytoprotective response in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD)-derived olfactory mucosa neurons (ONs) at different disease stages.

Methods: ONs obtained by nasal brush from 41 well-phenotyped patients with PD (n = 24 PD de novo [PD] and n = 17 under treatment [PD]) and 29 healthy controls were examined through real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence, and Western blot. An integrative set of experiments using SH-SY5Y neuronal cells was also performed.

Nasal cytological evidence of chronic inflammation in the olfactory cleft in post-viral olfactory dysfunction.

Purpose: This study investigated nasal cytological alterations in patients with persistent post-viral olfactory dysfunction. The primary objective was to evaluate the role of immune dysregulation and chronic local inflammation within the nasal mucosa in sustaining long-term olfactory impairment.

Methods: An observational case-control study was conducted at the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the University of Rome Tor Vergata.

Pilot Study on the Efficacy of a Novel Questionnaire for Assessing Psychological Health in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps Treated with Biologics.

: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) represents a debilitating disease with significant morbidity and decreased quality of life (QoL). The introduction of biologics in its management has allowed new therapeutic options, and Dupilumab represents the first approved biologic. This study aims to evaluate a possible relationship between the clinical response to biological therapy and mental health in patients with severe CRSwNP.

Olfactory cleft brushing: A minimally invasive tool for biomarker analysis in rhinology.

Introduction: Olfactory dysfunction is a prevalent condition associated with post-viral syndromes, chronic rhinosinusitis, and neurodegenerative diseases. While olfactory cleft sampling has been investigated in neurology, its potential for assessing localized biomarkers in rhinological conditions remains underexplored. This study presents a minimally invasive nasal brushing technique specifically targeting the olfactory cleft, enabling simultaneous biomarker quantification and cytological analysis.

Endoscopic septal perforation repair by endonasal flap: a technique using mobilized septal bone or cartilage for support.

Purpose: Septal perforation refers to a defect within the nasal septum, which subsequently creates communication between the two nasal cavities. More than one surgical approach has been described to repair nasal septal perforations; however, they have a high rate of complication. We aim to introduce a new technique of endoscopic repair of septal perforations, which supports the flap and is thus used to prevent commonly encountered complications.

Asymmetric Glaucoma and Corresponding Hearing Impairment.

: This study aims to explore the potential relationship between unilateral or asymmetric glaucoma and ipsilateral hearing impairment. : In this retrospective study, visual and hearing functions were assessed in patients with unilateral or asymmetric glaucoma. Correlations between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, visual field mean deviation (MD) values, and pure tone audiometry (PTA) measurements across various frequencies were analyzed to explore potential associations between visual and ipsilateral hearing functions.

Personalized Sound Therapy Combined with Low and High-Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation for Chronic Tinnitus.

This study investigates a novel multimodal treatment for chronic tinnitus, a condition that significantly affects quality of life, by combining personalized sound therapy with both low- and high-frequency electromagnetic wave stimulation. Conducted at Tor Vergata University Hospital in Rome, the research involved 55 patients and employed a portable medical device for therapy delivery. Treatment effectiveness was measured through the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ), and Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), encompassing initial sound therapy and subsequent multimodal treatment phases.

Sublingually administered bacterial lysates: rationale, mechanisms of action and clinical outcomes.

This review discusses available evidence on the mechanisms of action of bacterial lysates, and the clinical effects of their sublingual administration. Bacterial lysates act through many immunological effects, including dendritic cell activation, modification of circulating lymphocyte subsets and antibody production. The production of salivary IgA was repeatedly shown to be induced by the sublingual administration of a prototype bacterial lysate containing soluble and corpuscular antigens.

Circulating calprotectin as a potential biomarker of persistent olfactory dysfunctions in Post-COVID-19 patients.

Background: This longitudinal prospective study aims to investigate the potential of circulating calprotectin (cCLP) as a biomarker in persistent olfactory dysfunctions following COVID-19 infection.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with persistent hyposmia or anosmia post COVID-19 were enrolled (HT0) and re-evaluated after three months of olfactory training (HT1). Two control groups included 18 subjects without olfactory defects post COVID-19 (CG1) and 18 healthy individuals (CG2).

Süreyya-Dani technique, a new technique to address notching of soft triangle and opening external nasal valve.

Introduction: While different methods are employed for fixing narrowed nasal valves and preventing the notching of soft triangles, this study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of a new technique called Süreyya-Dani Technique.

Methods: This prospective study composed 100 patients who underwent rhinoplasty using the Süreyya-Dani technique. All patients presented with either notching of the soft triangle and/or external nasal valve dysfunction.

Refractory Pseudomonas Osteomyelitis of the Skull Base With Gradenigo's Syndrome: Early Dysphagia and Late Abducens Nerve Palsy.

Gradenigo's syndrome (GS) is a rare entity characterized by otitis media, pain in the trigeminal nerve distribution and abducens nerve palsy. The classic triad is uncommon, making the diagnostic workup challenging. Specifically, the diagnostic approach includes medical history, a complete otorhinolaryngological examination, a pure-tone audiogram and radiological investigation such as contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging of head and neck.

Angioleiomyoma of the Sinonasal Tract: A Systematic Review of an Uncommon Clinicopathological Entity.

 Angioleiomyoma is a rare neoplasm that represents ∼ 0.2 % of all head and neck benign tumors and ∼ 2% of total cases of tumors of the sinonasal tract. It was once considered a possible subtype of leiomyoma, but, in the 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of soft tissue tumors, it is accepted as a singular entity.

Post-COVID-19 Hyposmia Does Not Exhibit Main Neurodegeneration Markers in the Olfactory Pathway.

The biological substrate of persistent post-COVID-19 hyposmia is still unclear. However, as many neurodegenerative diseases present with smell impairment at onset, it may theoretically reflect degeneration within the central olfactory circuits. However, no data still exist regarding the post-COVID-19 patients.

Assessing Cognitive Effort in Ménière's Disease: Pupillometry as a Novel Tool for Postural Control.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the utility of pupillometry as a measure of cognitive effort in individuals with Ménière's disease experiencing chronic postural destabilization. By integrating pupillometry with static posturography, we sought to gain deeper insights into the cognitive demands and arousal levels associated with postural control in this specific patient population.

Methods: The study included 36 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for Ménière's disease and a control group comprising 36 healthy volunteers.

Autoantibody profiles assessment in individuals with persistent olfactory impairment following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: Olfactory impairment, particularly hyposmia and anosmia, has emerged as a distinctive early symptom of SARS-CoV-2. Drawing on the historical association of autoimmune diseases with olfactory function, this study delves into the connections between COVID-19, autoimmunity, and persistent olfactory dysfunctions, focusing on individuals experiencing long-lasting smell disorders (3-18 months post-SARS-CoV-2 infection).

Methods: The study comprised 36 Long Covid patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions, alongside two control groups.

Biologics in severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A bicentric experience.

Background And Aim: The introduction of biologics in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) has allowed new therapeutic options and Dupilumab represents the first approved biological agent. Aim of this paper is to provide a multicentric study in a real-life setting of treatment with Dupilumab for severe uncontrolled CRSwNP in Italy.

Methods: A retrospective data collection was performed from the departments of Otolaryngology of two major health institutions in Rome: San Camillo Forlanini Hospital and Tor Vergata University.

Transnasal Endoscopic Treatment of Tension Pneumocephalus Caused by Posttraumatic or Iatrogenic Ethmoidal Damage.

Background: Tension pneumocephalus is a neurosurgical emergency caused by progressive accumulation of air in the intracranial spaces mediated by a valve mechanism. Tension pneumocephalus usually presents with headaches, reduced consciousness, and even death. One of the most common causes is an ethmoidal defect resulted by nasal surgery or facial traumas.

Hearing and Ageing.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), or presbycusis, occurs in most mammals, humans included, with a different age of onset and magnitude of loss. It is associated with two major symptoms: loss of sensitivity to sound, especially for high pitches, and a reduced ability to understand speech in background noise. This phenomenon involves both the peripheral structures of the inner ear and the central acoustic pathways.

Correction: Guerrieri et al. Nasal and Salivary Mucosal Humoral Immune Response Elicited by mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Compared to SARS-CoV-2 Natural Infection. 2021, , 1499.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...

Adult onset Xanthogranuloma presenting as a solitary laryngeal localization: case report and review of literature.

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma (XG) is a rare disorder that belongs to the heterogeneous group of histiocytic neoplasms, characterized by a clonal expansion of non-Langerhans cell histiocytes that share a dermal macrophage phenotype. Although the head and neck region is the most common reported site of involvement by the Juvenile Xanthogranuloma family, laryngeal localization is extremely rare. We report a unique case of Adult Onset Xanthogranuloma with subglottic localization, presenting as a solitary laryngeal mass without other systemic or cutaneous lesions.

Evaluation of the accuracy in the mucosal detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in nasal secretions and saliva.

COVID-19 vaccination with mRNA vaccines induces immune responses capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2. Commercially available serological anti-SARS-CoV-2 quantitative and neutralizing assays are essential for the determination of immune responses to vaccines. Nevertheless, at present there is a lack of validated tests to assess the mucosal response to COVID-19 vaccination and standardized analytic and pre-analytic methods have not yet been defined.

Substance P and Prokineticin-2 are overexpressed in olfactory neurons and play differential roles in persons with persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction.

Persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD) is one of the most complaining and worrying complications of long COVID-19 because of the potential long-term neurological consequences. While causes of OD in the acute phases of the SARS-CoV-2 infection have been figured out, reasons for persistent OD are still unclear. Here we investigated the activity of two inflammatory pathways tightly linked with olfaction pathophysiology, namely Substance P (SP) and Prokineticin-2 (PK2), directly within the olfactory neurons (ONs) of patients to understand mechanisms of persistent post-COVID-19 OD.