A Bayesian Network Meta-analysis of Systemic Treatments for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in First- and Subsequent Lines.

Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) presents a challenge for clinicians in determining the optimal treatment sequence because of the lack of direct head-to-head comparisons, which is further complicated by the now-widespread use of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).

Objective: This study is a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) intended to provide a comprehensive evaluation and comparison of the efficacy of mCRPC treatments across different treatment lines.

Patients And Methods: We performed a systematic search of ClinicalTrials.

Interdisciplinary Swiss Consensus Recommendations on Management of Advanced Prostate Cancer.

The landscape of diagnosis and treatment of locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer has seen an unprecedented evolution in recent years. Incorporation of results from pivotal studies is crucial for state-of-the-art counselling of patients and to inform treatment recommendations. However, in daily practice ambiguous situations may occur or various options may seem adequate.

Case Report: Abiraterone in brain metastases from prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate carcinoma (PC) is the most common cancer in men worldwide. However, brain metastases (BM) from prostate cancer are extremely rare events, usually in the later course of the disease. There is no established standard of care treatment for this situation.

First Single-Centre Experience with the Novel HIF-α Inhibitor Belzutifan in Switzerland.

Belzutifan is a new HIF-α inhibitor mainly used in two different indications: von Hippel-Lindau syndrome-associated renal cell carcinoma, haemangioblastomas and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, as well as sporadic advanced pre-treated renal cell carcinoma. Although efficacy has been demonstrated in phase II and III studies, belzutifan is still not approved in many countries. In addition, von Hippel-Lindau syndrome is a rare disease.

Redefining Good-prognosis Seminoma: Implications for Clinical Practice of the Updated International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group Classification and Results from the SEMITrends Survey.

The 2021 updated International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group classification for seminomatous germ cell tumours confirmed and refined the original classification, introducing the notion that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) elevation above 2.5 times the upper limit of normal separates the good-risk prognostic group into two distinct subgroups, with clearly inferior survival outcomes for the high-LDH subgroup. Validation of this prognostic factor has understandably opened the question of the optimal management for patients with high-LDH good-risk seminoma.

BRCA2 germline mutation carrier with five malignancies: a case report.

Background: BRCA2 germline mutations are known to predispose carriers to various cancer types, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancer. An association with melanoma has also been reported. However, the full tumour spectrum associated with BRCA2 mutations, particularly in patients with other concurrent pathogenetic mutations, is unexplored.

Factors Guiding Clinical Decision-Making in Genitourinary Oncology.

Introduction: Clinical decision-making in oncology is a complex process, with the primary goal of identifying the most effective treatment tailored to individual cancer patients. Many factors influence the treatment decision: disease- and patient-specific criteria, the increasingly complex treatment landscape, market authorization and drug availability, financial aspects, and personal treatment expertise. In the domain of genitourinary cancers, particularly prostate cancer, decision-making is challenging.

Neurological complications in oncology and their monitoring and management in clinical practice: a narrative review.

Importance: New anti-tumor treatments, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy, are associated with an increasing number of neurological issues linked to tumors not arising from nervous system such as neurological and neuropsychological side effects that can significantly impair quality of life in the short or long term. The science of pathomechanisms, therapeutic approaches, and preventive measures is still in its early stages, and the progress is hampered by the lack of studied connection between neurological and oncological disciplines.

Objectives: This work aimed to provide an overview of the questions raised in the field of clinical neuroscience that concern the outcomes of oncological diseases and their treatment.

DCLK1 induces a pro-tumorigenic phenotype to drive gastric cancer progression.

Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is a proposed driver of gastric cancer (GC) that phosphorylates serine and threonine residues. Here, we showed that the kinase activity of DCLK1 orchestrated cancer cell-intrinsic and-extrinsic processes that led to pro-invasive and pro-metastatic reprogramming of GC cells. Inhibition of the kinase activity of DCLK1 reduced the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors formed from MKN1 human gastric carcinoma cells in mice and decreased the abundance of the stromal markers α-Sma, vimentin, and collagen.

Serum neurofilament light chain as a sensitive biomarker for neuromonitoring during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has grown rapidly, driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its widespread adoption, neurological complications pose a significant risk, impacting both mortality and survivors' quality of life. Detecting these complications is challenging due to sedation and the heterogeneous nature of ECMO-associated neurological injury.

The CD33xCD123xCD70 Multispecific CD3-Engaging DARPin MP0533 Induces Selective T Cell-Mediated Killing of AML Leukemic Stem Cells.

The prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is limited, especially for elderly or unfit patients not eligible for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation. The disease is driven by leukemic stem cells (LSCs), which are characterized by clonal heterogeneity and resistance to conventional therapy. These cells are therefore believed to be a major cause of progression and relapse.

Consensus quality indicators for monitoring multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) as a chronic, degenerative autoimmune disease of the central nervous system has a longitudinal and heterogeneous course with increasing treatment options and risk profiles requiring constant monitoring of a growing number of parameters. Despite treatment guidelines, there is a lack of strategic and individualised monitoring pathways, including respective quality indicators (QIs). To address this, we systematically developed transparent, traceable, and measurable QIs for MS monitoring.

Metronomic cyclophosphamide for bone marrow carcinomatosis in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Purpose: In some patients with prostate cancer, bone marrow carcinomatosis develops later in the course of the disease, which has a poor prognosis. These are often heavily pretreated patients in the castration-resistant situation for whom there are no other therapeutic options, because either all available systemic therapies have already been used or the use of one is not possible due to the cytopenias associated with bone marrow carcinomatosis. In our literature search, there are no data on this treatment in the setting available, especially no clinical trial or even randomized data.

Machine learning classification of autism spectrum disorder based on reciprocity in naturalistic social interactions.

Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by impaired social communication and interaction. As a neurodevelopmental disorder typically diagnosed during childhood, diagnosis in adulthood is preceded by a resource-heavy clinical assessment period. The ongoing developments in digital phenotyping give rise to novel opportunities within the screening and diagnostic process.

Prognostic Factor Risk Groups for Clinical Stage I Seminoma: An Individual Patient Data Analysis by the European Association of Urology Testicular Cancer Guidelines Panel and Guidelines Office.

Background: The relapse rate in patients with clinical stage I (CSI) seminomatous germ cell tumor of the testis (SGCTT) who were undergoing surveillance after radical orchidectomy is 4-30%, depending on tumor size and rete testis invasion (RTI). However, the level of evidence supporting the use of both risk factors in clinical decision-making is low.

Objective: We aimed to identify the most important prognostic factors for relapse in CSI SGCTT patients.

Xaluritamig, a STEAP1 × CD3 XmAb 2+1 Immune Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Results from Dose Exploration in a First-in-Human Study.

Unlabelled: Xaluritamig (AMG 509) is a six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1)-targeted T-cell engager designed to facilitate lysis of STEAP1-expressing cancer cells, such as those in advanced prostate cancer. This first-in-human study reports monotherapy dose exploration for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), primarily taxane pretreated. Ninety-seven patients received ≥1 intravenous dose ranging from 0.

Interdisciplinary Swiss consensus recommendations on staging and treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

The management of prostate cancer is undergoing rapid changes in all disease settings. Novel imaging tools for diagnosis have been introduced, and the treatment of high-risk localized, locally advanced and metastatic disease has changed considerably in recent years. From clinical and health-economic perspectives, a rational and optimal use of the available options is of the utmost importance.

Humoral and cellular BNT162b2 mRNA-based booster vaccine-induced immunity in patients with multiple myeloma and persistence of neutralising antibodies: results of a prospective single-centre cohort study.

Background: Currently available messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based vaccines against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been shown to be effective even in highly immunocompromised hosts, including patients with multiple myeloma. However, vaccination failure can be observed in all patient groups.

Methods: This prospective study longitudinally assessed the humoral and cellular responses to a third booster dose of BNT162b2 mRNA-based vaccine in patients with myeloma (n = 59) and healthy controls (n = 22) by measuring the levels of anti-spike (S) antibodies (electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay) including neutralising antibodies and specific T-cells (enzyme-linked immunospot assay) following booster administration.

Patient and General Population Preferences Regarding the Benefits and Harms of Treatment for Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Background: Patient preferences for treatment outcomes are important to guide decision-making in clinical practice, but little is known about the preferences of patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).

Objective: To evaluate patient preferences regarding the attributed benefits and harms of systemic treatments for mHSPC and preference heterogeneity between individuals and specific subgroups.

Design Setting And Participants: We conducted an online discrete choice experiment (DCE) preference survey among 77 patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) and 311 men from the general population in Switzerland between November 2021 and August 2022.

European Association of Urology Guidelines on Testicular Cancer: 2023 Update.

Context: Each year the European Association of Urology (EAU) produce a document based on the most recent evidence on the diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up of testicular cancer (TC).

Objective: To represent a summarised version of the EAU guidelines on TC for 2023 with a focus on key changes in the 2023 update.

Evidence Acquisition: A multidisciplinary panel of TC experts, comprising urologists, medical and radiation oncologists, and pathologists, reviewed the results from a structured literature search to compile the guidelines document.

The Value of Tumour Markers in the Detection of Relapse-Lessons Learned from the Swiss Austrian German Testicular Cancer Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: The tumour markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), beta human chorionic gonadotropin (βHCG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have established roles in the management and follow-up of testicular cancer. While a tumour marker rise can serve as an indicator of relapse, the frequency of false-positive marker events has not been studied systematically in larger cohorts. We assessed the validity of serum tumour markers for the detection of relapse in the Swiss Austrian German Testicular Cancer Cohort Study (SAG TCCS).