Cost-utility of computed tomography in patients with atypical chest pain clinically referred for invasive coronary angiography: randomised controlled trial.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is as safe as invasive coronary angiography (ICA) in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with atypical chest pain. However, the cost-utility of CT and ICA in healthcare after long-term follow-up is still unknown.

Methods: A prespecified cost-utility analysis (CUA) of 329 patients with atypical chest pain from a single-centre randomised trial compared CT and ICA.

Adolescent self-construal across cultures: Measurement invariance of the Aspects of Identity Questionnaire-IV in 30 countries.

Despite the critical role of culture in understanding adolescent self and identity, there is a lack of cross-culturally validated measures of adolescent self-construal. The present study evaluated cross-national measurement invariance of the Aspects of Identity Questionnaire-IV (AIQ-IV), assessing four dimensions of self-construal: personal, relational, public, and collective. The sample included 16,795 adolescents aged 14-19 years from 30 countries across four continents.

Clinical, Psychological, Physiological, and Technical Parameters and Their Relationship With Digital Tool Use During Cardiac Rehabilitation: Comparison and Correlation Study.

Background: Home and telehealth-based interventions are increasingly used in cardiac rehabilitation, a multidisciplinary model of health care. Digital tools such as wearables or digital training diaries are expected to support patients to adhere to recommended lifestyle changes, including physical exercise programs. As previously published, the EPICURE study (effect of digital tools in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation including home training) analyzed the effects of digital tools, that is, a digital training diary, adherence monitoring, and wearables, on exercise capacity during outpatient cardiac rehabilitation phase III (OUT-III) which includes an approximately 12-week home-training phase.

Pervasive glacier retreats across Svalbard from 1985 to 2023.

A major uncertainty in predicting the behaviour of marine-terminating glaciers is ice dynamics driven by non-linear calving front retreat, which is poorly understood and modelled. Using 124919 calving front positions for 149 marine-terminating glaciers in Svalbard from 1985 to 2023, generated with deep learning, we identify pervasive calving front retreats for non-surging glaciers over the past 38 years. We observe widespread seasonal cycles in calving front position for over half of the glaciers.

Reticulated livedoid skin patterns after soft-tissue filler-related vascular adverse events.

Background: For the treatment of vascular adverse events caused by filler injections, duplex ultrasound imaging may be used. The findings of duplex ultrasound examination and the clinical features of reticulated livedoid skin patterns were compared with the hemifaces anatomy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to link the reticulated livedoid skin patterns to the corresponding duplex ultrasound findings and the facial perforasomes.

Comparison of Two Viscoelastic Testing Devices in a Parturient Population.

: Viscoelastic hemostatic assays (VHAs) have become an integral diagnostic tool in guiding hemostatic therapy, offering new opportunities in personalized hemostatic resuscitation. This study aims to assess the interchangeability of ClotPro® and ROTEM® delta in the unique context of parturient women. : Blood samples from 217 parturient women were collected at three timepoints.

Well-Being, Mental Health, and Study Characteristics of Medical Students before and during the Pandemic.

Medical students report high demands, stressors, pressure to perform, and a lack of resources, and are therefore at a higher risk for mental strain and burnout. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, study conditions have changed, and new challenges have emerged. Thus, this study aimed to examine medical students' well-being, mental health, and study characteristics before and during the pandemic.

[Update on point-of-care-based coagulation treatment : Systems, reagents, device-specific treatment algorithms].

Viscoelastic test (VET) procedures suitable for point-of-care (POC) testing are in widespread clinical use. Due to the expanded range of available devices and in particular due to the development of new test approaches and methods, the authors believe that an update of the current treatment algorithms is necessary. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the currently available VET devices and the associated reagents.

Successful Prehospital Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Comprehensive Case Report and Analysis of the Current Experience and Knowledge.

This case report describes a prehospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) in a female patient who suffered a sudden cardiac arrest while shopping in a supermarket. The success of this intervention marks the first of its kind in our institution and highlights the potential of prehospital application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) systems in life-threatening scenarios. Despite the complicated challenges faced in this case, the patient exhibited a favorable neurological outcome.

Paracrine cross-talk between human adipose tissue-derived endothelial cells and perivascular cells accelerates the endothelialization of an electrospun ionomeric polyurethane scaffold.

The ex vivo endothelialization of small diameter vascular prostheses can prolong their patency. Here, we demonstrate that heterotypic interactions between human adipose tissue-derived endothelial cells and perivascular cells can be exploited to accelerate the endothelialization of an electrospun ionomeric polyurethane scaffold. The scaffold was used to physically separate endothelial cells from perivascular cells to prevent their diffuse neo-intimal hyperplasia and spontaneous tubulogenesis, yet enable their paracrine cross-talk to accelerate the integration of the endothelial cells into a temporally stable endothelial lining of a continuous, elongated, and aligned morphology.

Differential DNA damage repair and PARP inhibitor vulnerability of the mammary epithelial lineages.

It is widely assumed that all normal somatic cells can equally perform homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining in the DNA damage response (DDR). Here, we show that the DDR in normal mammary gland inherently depends on the epithelial cell lineage identity. Bioinformatics, post-irradiation DNA damage repair kinetics, and clonogenic assays demonstrated luminal lineage exhibiting a more pronounced DDR and HR repair compared to the basal lineage.

Fibrinolytic potential as a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage.

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is still the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. While impaired fibrin polymerization plays a crucial role in the development and progress of PPH, recent approaches using viscoelastic measurements have failed to sensitively detect early changes in fibrinolysis in PPH. This study aimed to evaluate whether women experiencing PPH show alterations in POC-VET fibrinolytic potential during childbirth and whether fibrinolytic potential offers benefits in the prediction and treatment of PPH.

Non-Neuronal Acetylcholinesterase Activity Shows Limited Utility for Early Detection of Sepsis.

(1) Background: Sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory condition characterized by rapid clinical deterioration and organ dysfunction. The cholinergic system has been implicated in modulating the inflammatory response. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme primarily responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, has been proposed as a potential early indicator of sepsis onset.

Effect of digital tools in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation including home training-results of the EPICURE study.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and are partly caused by modifiable risk factors. Cardiac rehabilitation addresses several of these modifiable risk factors, such as physical inactivity and reduced exercise capacity. However, despite its proven short-term merits, long-term adherence to healthy lifestyle changes is disappointing.

Corrigendum: Illness perceptions of COVID-19 in Europe: predictors, impacts and temporal evolution.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.

"Spin" in Observational Studies in Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap is widely used in autologous breast reconstruction. However, the technique relies heavily on nonrandomized observational research, which has been found to have high risk of bias. "Spin" can be used to inappropriately present study findings to exaggerate benefits or minimize harms.

Intraoperative vasopressor use does not increase complications in microvascular post-mastectomy breast reconstruction: Experience in 1729 DIEP flaps at a single center.

Introduction: Vasopressors are traditionally avoided in microsurgery due to concerns about their effect on free flap survival. We examine the impact of intraoperative vasopressors on microsurgical outcomes in a large series of DIEP flap breast reconstructions.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients who underwent DIEP breast reconstruction between January 2010 and May 2020.

Predictors of changing patterns of adherence to containment measures during the early stage of COVID-19 pandemic: an international longitudinal study.

Background: Identifying common factors that affect public adherence to COVID-19 containment measures can directly inform the development of official public health communication strategies. The present international longitudinal study aimed to examine whether prosociality, together with other theoretically derived motivating factors (self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility and severity of COVID-19, perceived social support) predict the change in adherence to COVID-19 containment strategies.

Method: In wave 1 of data collection, adults from eight geographical regions completed online surveys beginning in April 2020, and wave 2 began in June and ended in September 2020.

A Size-Based Criteria for Flap Reconstruction After Thigh-Adductor, Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Resection.

Background: Resection of soft-tissue sarcomas from the adductor compartment is associated with significant complications. Free/pedicled flaps often are used for wound closure, but their effect on healing is unclear. We compared wound complications, oncologic, and functional outcomes for patients undergoing flap reconstruction or primary closure following resection of adductor sarcomas.

Increased Enzymatic Activity of Acetylcholinesterase Indicates the Severity of the Sterile Inflammation and Predicts Patient Outcome following Traumatic Injury.

Traumatic injury induces sterile inflammation, an immune response often associated with severe organ dysfunction. The cholinergic system acts as an anti-inflammatory in injured patients. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, plays an essential role in controlling cholinergic activity.

Vascular tissue engineering from human adipose tissue: fundamental phenotype of its resident microvascular endothelial cells and stromal/stem cells.

Adipose tissue is an abundant, accessible, and uniquely dispensable source of cells for vascular tissue engineering. Despite its intrinsic endothelial cells, considerable effort is directed at deriving endothelium from its resident stem and progenitor cells. Here, we investigate the composition of human adipose tissue and characterize the phenotypes of its constituent cells in order to help ascertain their potential utility for vascular tissue engineering.

Catchment characteristics and seasonality control the composition of microbial assemblages exported from three outlet glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet.

Glacial meltwater drains into proglacial rivers where it interacts with the surrounding landscape, collecting microbial cells as it travels downstream. Characterizing the composition of the resulting microbial assemblages in transport can inform us about intra-annual changes in meltwater flowpaths beneath the glacier as well as hydrological connectivity with proglacial areas. Here, we investigated how the structure of suspended microbial assemblages evolves over the course of a melt season for three proglacial catchments of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), reasoning that differences in glacier size and the proportion of glacierized versus non-glacierized catchment areas will influence both the identity and relative abundance of microbial taxa in transport.

Picosecond Infrared Laser Mass Spectrometry Identifies a Metabolite Array for 10 s Diagnosis of Select Skin Cancer Types: A Proof-of-Concept Feasibility Study.

Currently, a large number of skin biopsies are taken for each true skin cancer case detected, creating a need for a rapid, high sensitivity, and specificity skin cancer detection tool to reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies taken from benign tissue. Picosecond infrared laser mass spectrometry (PIRL-MS) using a hand-held sampling probe is reported to detect and classify melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and normal skin with average sensitivity and specificity values of 86-95% and 91-98%, respectively (at a 95% confidence level) solely requiring 10 s or less of total data collection and analysis time. Classifications are not adversely affected by specimen's quantity of melanin pigments and are mediated by a number of metabolic lipids, further identified herein as potential biomarkers for skin cancer-type differentiation, 19 of which were sufficient here (as a fully characterized metabolite array) to provide high specificity and sensitivity classification of skin cancer types.