Prenatal maternal HFD exposure impairs cognition via a hippocampal NMDA mechanism.

Maternal obesity increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and cognitive impairments in offspring later in life. Most animal studies investigated the effects of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) from pre-mating to lactation on offspring neurodevelopment and cognitive function. However, the specific impact of in-utero exposure to maternal HFD on the cognitive function in offspring remains limited.

Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on physical activity and sedentary behaviour among patients with coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Adequate physical activity is a well-known protective factor against recurrent cardiac events. Emerging evidence also showed that sedentary behaviour is an independent cardiovascular risk factor.

Empagliflozin attenuates sorafenib-promoted renal ferroptosis and inflammation by targeting cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E axis.

The increased risk of nephrotoxicity may impact the life quality and survival outcome in cancer patients receiving sorafenib therapy. Therefore, the development of novel strategy against sorafenib nephrotoxicity is an urgent work. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors such as empagliflozin have been approved for renal failure treatment.

Alisol Triterpenoids Exhibit Triple Modulatory Mechanisms on the Cell Membrane to Overcome Cancer Multidrug Resistance.

Purpose And Study Design: Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer significantly hinders effective treatment, leading to poor patient outcomes. The study investigates the potential of natural compounds, Alisol B 23-acetate (B23) and Alisol A 24-acetate (A24), to reverse MDR through various mechanisms on cancer cell membranes.

Results: Cytotoxicity assays established non-toxic concentrations of B23 and A24, which were then tested in drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cell lines with or without chemotherapeutic drugs.

Antidiabetic potentials of gypenosides: A review on the preclinical effects in glucose and insulin modulation as well as diabetes-related complications.

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a significant public health issue. Despite the emergence of promising anti-hyperglycemic drugs, treatment outcomes for diabetic patients continue to be inadequate. Gypenosides are the major bioactive compounds isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.

Effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for post-stroke depression in stroke survivors: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for managing post-stroke depression and identify the characteristics of optimal interventions.Data SourcesEight English databases and two Chinese databases were searched from inception to February 2025, alongside grey literature.MethodsTwo reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or pilot/feasibility RCTs.

Chronic Stress-Associated Depressive Disorders: The Impact of HPA Axis Dysregulation and Neuroinflammation on the Hippocampus-A Mini Review.

Chronic stress significantly contributes to the development of depressive disorders, with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis playing a central role in mediating stress responses. This review examines the neurobiological alterations in the hippocampus linked to HPA axis dysregulation in chronic stress-associated depressive disorders. The prolonged activation of the HPA axis disrupts cortisol regulation, leading to the decline of both physical and mental health.

Motivational interviewing for improving functional and psychosocial outcomes among stroke survivors.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of motivational interviewing for functional and psychosocial outcomes in stroke survivors, compared to no intervention, waiting list, or attention controls.

Neurobiological Mechanisms of Ketamine Use, its Addiction, and Withdrawal: A Mini Review.

Ketamine, a substance used for anesthesia and known for inducing dissociation, can lead to addiction and the development of severe withdrawal symptoms. Ketamine alters brain networks before affecting somesthetic sensation. Ketamine abuse was especially prevalent in East and Southeast Asia, and its popularity has continued to expand globally in recent decades.

Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis of Glycosylation-Related Genes and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, characterized by high incidence and poor survival rates. Glycosylation, a fundamental post-translational modification, influences protein stability, signaling, and tumor progression, with aberrations implicated in immune evasion and metastasis. This study investigates the role of glycosylation-related genes (Glycosylation-RGs) in CRC using machine learning and bioinformatics.

Psychometric properties of the Chinese-version Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Scales among stroke survivors with depressive symptoms.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) scales among stroke survivors.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at four comprehensive hospitals in Taizhou, Jiangsu, China. A sample of 232 first-ever stroke survivors were recruited from June to August 2023.

Assessment of psychological health effects of nurses during 2022-2023 of the COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive study in Southern Taiwan.

Background: Nurses on the frontlines of the pandemic have increased workloads, burnout, and virus exposure, leading to mental health challenges and a lack of resources for patient care. Mental health support for nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak has become a priority. This study evaluated psychological health outcomes of among nurses during the 2022-2023 COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan, focusing on personal and work-related fatigue as key contributors to emotional distress.

Cognitive function and its longitudinal predictability by intensity of physical activity in Chinese middle-aged and older adults.

Background: The aging population faces several health problems, including cognitive decline that can progress to Alzheimer's disease. Regular physical activity is widely recognized for its extensive benefits, including physical and mental health improvements especially for older adults.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the prediction of physical activity intensities on cognitive function of older adults.

Cholinesterase Inhibitor Reveals Synergistic Potential for Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapy in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background And Objectives: Stem cell therapy shows great promise for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) like donepezil are well-established for alleviating AD symptoms. This study aimed to determine if combining ChEI treatment with stem cell therapy could improve therapeutic outcomes.

Reversal potentials of Tween 20 in ABC transporter-mediated multidrug-resistant cancer and treatment-resistant depression through interacting with both drug-binding and ATP-binding areas on MDR proteins.

Drug efflux transporters, especially those belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, play a crucial role in various drug resistance issues, including multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in individuals with major depressive disorder. Key transporters in this context include P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20) on these efflux transporters and to evaluate its potential for overcoming drug resistance in two models: an cancer MDR model and an TRD model.

Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Attenuates Sorafenib-Induced Myocardial Inflammation and Toxicity.

Environmental antineoplastics such as sorafenib may pose a risk to humans through water recycling, and the increased risk of cardiotoxicity is a clinical issue in sorafenib users. Thus, developing strategies to prevent sorafenib cardiotoxicity is an urgent work. Empagliflozin, as a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor for type 2 diabetes control, has been approved for heart failure therapy.

Effect of simulation-based zoom learning on clinical decision-making among undergraduate nursing students and experiences of students and instructors: A mixed methods study.

Aim: To determine the effect of simulation-based Zoom learning (SBZL) on perceived capabilities and clinical decision-making skills among undergraduate nursing students and to explore experiences of the instructors and students participating in SBZL.

Background: Nursing is a practice profession and students acquire clinical decision-making skills in clinical settings. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted conventional clinical learning activities.

Psychosocial interventions for improving mental health and family functioning in families with parental cancer: A systematic review.

Purpose: Parental cancer significantly impacts both parents and children, necessitating psychosocial interventions to enhance family well-being. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions targeting parents with cancer on their mental health, quality of life, their children's well-being, and family functioning.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases for relevant articles published from 2006 to 2023.