Association between sleep duration and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal study.

Background: Obesity is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and negatively impacts diabetes outcomes. While studies in the general population have established a link between sleep duration and obesity, this relationship in T2D remains unclear.

Objectives: To assess the association between sleep duration and adiposity in patients with T2D.

The influence of senescent associated secretory phenotype on glucose homeostasis in C2C12 muscle cells: insights into potential p38 inhibitor interventions.

Increased accumulation of senescent cells with aging is associated with reduced ability of insulin-target tissues to utilize glucose, resulting in increased insulin resistance and glucotoxicity. We investigated the role of the senescent-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) within C2C12, skeletal muscle cells on glucose homeostasis and if such effects could be reduced by blocking pro-inflammatory pathways. C2C12 myotubes were treated with 40% conditioned media from senescent fibroblasts.

Finerenone in the management of diabetes kidney disease.

People with type 2 diabetes are at risk of developing progressive diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and end stage kidney failure. Hypertension is a major, reversible risk factor in people with diabetes for development of albuminuria, impaired kidney function, end-stage kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Slowing progression of kidney disease and reducing cardiovascular events can be achieved by a number of means including the targeting of blood pressure and the use of specific classes of drugs The use of Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) blockade is effective in preventing or slowing progression of DKD and reducing cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes, albeit differently according to the stage of DKD.

Variation in the commissioning of specialist weight management services and bariatric surgery across England: Results of a freedom of information-based mapping exercise across the 42 integrated Care Systems of England.

Specialist weight management services including bariatric surgery are commissioned within regions of England called Integrated Care Systems (ICSs) with eligibility and treatment guidelines determined as part of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance. Reported variation in commissioning and bariatric surgery eligibility criteria has not been previously mapped. Freedom of Information (FOI) requests provide a tool, supported by legislation, to ask questions of public authorities including ICSs such that they must respond accurately.

β-alanine supplementation in adults with overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Objective: Overweight and obesity are characterized by excess adiposity and systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation, which is associated with several metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and tolerability of β-alanine supplementation and to explore the effects on cardiometabolic health and cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal function in adults with overweight and obesity.

Methods: A total of 27 adults (44% female; mean [SD], age: 58 [10] years, BMI: 31.

Glycaemic outcomes in people living with diabetes under 65 and over 65 years old using an intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring system.

Objective: Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) has revolutionised the care of people with diabetes but its uptake and benefits in older adults are not well known. We examined the impact of isCGM (Freestyle Libre, FSL) on glycaemic outcomes in younger (⩽65 years) and older adults (>65 years) with diabetes.

Design And Methods: In total, 2260 adult patients registered on the Libreview account at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK, were included.

The impact of obstructive sleep apnea treatment on microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: a feasibility randomized controlled trial.

Study Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of diabetes-related complications. Hence, it is plausible that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) could have a favorable impact on these complications. We assessed the feasibility of conducting a randomized control trial in patients with type 2 diabetes and OSA over 2 years.

The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Microvascular Structure and Function, Peripheral Pressure Waveform and General Cardiovascular Risk: A Longitudinal Study.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the effect of bariatric surgery on retinal microvascular calibre, peripheral microvascular function, peripheral pressure waveforms, and the general cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in obese individuals after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Methods: A total of 29 obese participants were included in the study. All of the measurements were conducted at two time points: before and one year following the bariatric surgery procedure.

Effectiveness of a randomized intervention by a geriatric team in frail hospital inpatients in non-geriatric settings: FRAILCLINIC project.

Background: Little research has been undertaken on the benefits of frailty management within different hospital settings. The objective of this study is to provide evidence on the viability and effectiveness of frailty management in non-geriatric hospital settings on mortality and functional decline after discharge.

Methods: Data from the FRAILCLINIC (NCT02643069) study were used.

Inequalities in the management of diabetic kidney disease in UK primary care: A cross-sectional analysis of a large primary care database.

Aims: To determine differences in the management of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) relevant to patient sex, ethnicity and socio-economic group in UK primary care.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis as of January 1, 2019 was undertaken using the IQVIA Medical Research Data dataset, to determine the proportion of people with DKD managed in accordance with national guidelines, stratified by demographics. Robust Poisson regression models were used to calculate adjusted risk ratios (aRR) adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity and social deprivation.

Risk of progression from pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes in a large UK adult cohort.

Aims: People with pre-diabetes are at high risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes. This progression is not well characterised by ethnicity, deprivation and age, which we describe in a large cohort of individuals with pre-diabetes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study with The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database was conducted.

Glycemic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery compared with routine care: a population-based, real-world cohort study in the United Kingdom.

Background: Clinical trials have shown that bariatric surgery (BS) is associated with better glycemic control and diabetes remission in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with routine care.

Objective: We conducted a real-world population-based study examining the impact of BS on glycemic control and medications in patients with T2D.

Setting And Methods: This was a retrospective, matched, controlled cohort study conducted between January 1, 1990, and January 31, 2018, using IQVIA Medical Research Data, a primary care electronic records database.

Impact of Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss on Anterior Eye Health in Patients with Obesity.

The aim of the present research was to assess the effect of bariatric surgery-induced weight loss on the tear film and ocular surface of patients with obesity. A total of 29 participants with obesity (aged 47.2 ± 10.

Renal Protection with SGLT2 Inhibitors: Effects in Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease.

Purpose Of Review: This review offers a critical narrative evaluation of emerging evidence that sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors exert nephroprotective effects in people with type 2 diabetes.

Recent Findings: The SGLT2 inhibitor class of glucose-lowering agents has recently shown beneficial effects to reduce the onset and progression of renal complications in people with and without diabetes. Randomised clinical trials and 'real world' observational studies, mostly involving type 2 diabetes patients, have noted that use of an SGLT2 inhibitor can slow the decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), reduce the onset of microalbuminuria and slow or reverse the progression of proteinuria.

The clinical profile and associated mortality in people with and without diabetes with Coronavirus disease 2019 on admission to acute hospital services.

Introduction: To assess if in adults with COVID-19, whether those with diabetes and complications (DM+C) present with a more severe clinical profile and if that relates to increased mortality, compared to those with diabetes with no complications (DM-NC) and those without diabetes.

Methods: Service-level data was used from 996 adults with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 who presented to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, UK, from March to June 2020. All individuals were categorized into DM+C, DM-NC, and non-diabetes groups.

Prognostic Models for Predicting Remission of Diabetes Following Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Remission of type 2 diabetes following bariatric surgery is well established, but identifying patients who will go into remission is challenging.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review of currently available diabetes remission prediction models, compare their performance, and evaluate their applicability in clinical settings.

Data Sources: A comprehensive systematic literature search of MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) was undertaken.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults: clinical considerations and management.

The past 50 years have seen a growing ageing population with an increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); now, nearly half of all individuals with diabetes mellitus are older adults (aged ≥65 years). Older adults with T2DM present particularly difficult challenges. For example, the accentuated heterogeneity of these patients, the potential presence of multiple comorbidities, the increased susceptibility to hypoglycaemia, the increased dependence on care and the effect of frailty all add to the complexity of managing diabetes mellitus in this age group.