Publications by authors named "Sonia Burrel"
BACKGROUNDIn France, cervical cancer screening for females aged 30--65 years primarily tests for high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infections.AIMWe aimed to map the prevalence of cervical infections caused by HPV16 and/or 18, or by any of 12 other carcinogenic HPV genotypes and compare prevalence estimates from tests from spontaneous medical visits (opportunistic screening) or the national screening programme (organised screening).METHODSWe extracted data from a large network of biology laboratories, containing all available results from HR HPV tests performed between 1 January 2020 and 30 November 2023 in metropolitan France.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSimilar Kinetics of Pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 Load in Intensive Care Unit Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia with or Without Autoantibodies Neutralizing Type I Interferons.
J Clin Immunol
November 2024
Purpose: The pathogenesis of life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in ICU patients can involve pre-existing auto-antibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs). The impact of these auto-Abs on SARS-CoV-2 clearance in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) is unclear.
Methods: We performed a retrospective study in 99 ICU patients with COVID-19 pneumonia between March and May 2020.
Article Synopsis
- Serological data collected in France from 2018 to 2022 revealed seroprevalence rates for various viruses: HSV-1 (64.6%), HSV-2 (16.9%), VZV (93.0%), EBV (83.4%), and CMV (49.0%).* -
- The study utilized a multilevel regression and poststratification approach to ensure accurate estimates across different demographics and regions.* -
- Findings indicate that expected seroprevalence rates were generally higher among females and in overseas territories compared to Metropolitan France, suggesting the need for tailored public health strategies.*
Article Synopsis
- Patients with X linked agammaglobulinemia and those receiving anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are at increased risk for severe enterovirus (EV) infections, particularly meningoencephalitis.
- A study collected data from nine original cases and 17 previously published cases, revealing a high occurrence of meningoencephalitis (81%) and a mortality rate of 27% among affected patients treated with multiple anti-CD20 mAbs.
- The findings suggest that clinicians should consider EV infections in IMID patients presenting unusual symptoms and recognize that anti-CD20 mAbs can impair B-cell responses to EV infections, potentially indicating
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerance of amenamevir (AMNV) in treating recalcitrant herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) caused by acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus 1 strains.
- Six patients were analyzed retrospectively after failing traditional antiviral treatments, focusing on recurrence rates and visual acuity during AMNV therapy.
- Results showed that 66% of patients did not have any recurrences on AMNV, leading to a significant reduction in HSK episodes and some improvement in vision, although the latter was not statistically significant likely due to the small sample size.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) among critically ill patients during the Omicron variant wave, finding it affects 5.1% of patients and 9.1% of those on invasive mechanical ventilation.
- CAPA patients showed higher rates of immunosuppression and required more intensive care measures, like vasopressors and renal therapy, compared to non-CAPA patients.
- While CAPA did not significantly impact day-28 mortality, it was linked to longer mechanical ventilation and ICU stays, suggesting a shift in outcomes with emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Article Synopsis
- Mpox virus (MPXV) triggered a multi-country outbreak in 2022, leading to the use of the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine for prevention, although its effectiveness has not been fully understood.
- Researchers conducted assays to measure neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in individuals infected with MPXV or vaccinated with MVA, finding varying levels of antibodies in both groups.
- The study revealed that MPXV is less sensitive to neutralization, yet combining it with complement improves detection of antibody responses, underscoring the role of historic smallpox vaccinations in enhancing immune response against MPXV.
Norovirus (NoV) and Sapovirus (SaV) are potential causative agents of diarrhea after allogeneic HSCT but little is known in this population. We performed a retrospective analysis by RT-PCR of calicivirus (NoV and SaV), Human adenovirus (HAdV), rotavirus (RV), Aichi virus (AiV), enterovirus (EV), human parechovirus (HPeV) and Human bocavirus (HBoV) in the diarrheal stools of patients after allogeneic HSCT. 49/162 patients had positive viral assays: HAdV (17%), EV (7%), NoV (4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the clinical relevance of varicella zoster virus (VZV) lung detection among patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods: We present a monocentric retrospective cohort study from 2012 to 2020. VZV genome was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid by real-time PCR.
Fatal HSV-2 primary infection most likely acquired by kidney transplantation: A case report.
Int J Antimicrob Agents
May 2023
Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) rarely causes severe disease, even in solid organ transplant recipients. This paper describes a fatal case of HSV-2 infection, probably transmitted from a donor to a kidney transplant recipient. The donor was seropositive for HSV-2 but not for HSV-1, whereas the recipient was seronegative for both viruses before transplantation, suggesting that the graft was the source of infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * A study of 259 patients revealed distinct clinical profiles between those infected with Omicron and those with Delta, but no significant impact of variant sublineages on 28-day mortality rates.
- * Immunocompromised patients infected with Omicron experienced higher mortality rates compared to non-immunocompromised individuals, despite many having received at least two vaccine doses and showing poor immune responses.
Viral loads in clinical samples of men with monkeypox virus infection: a French case series.
Lancet Infect Dis
January 2023
Article Synopsis
- Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is currently spreading among men who have sex with men, particularly through close contact during sexual activities, prompting research on its distribution in the human body.
- A study at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris analyzed samples from 50 men with confirmed MPXV infections across multiple anatomical sites, revealing that skin, anus, and throat had higher rates of positive samples and viral loads compared to blood, urine, and semen.
- Over a two-week period, the proportion of positive samples from these sites significantly decreased, indicating a reduction in viral presence as the infection progressed.
Background: Lung reactivations of Herpesviridae, herpes simplex virus (HSV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) have been reported in COVID-19 patients. Whether or not those viral reactivations are more frequent than in other patients is not known.
Methods: Retrospective monocentric cohort study of 145 patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring invasive mechanical ventilation and who were tested for HSV and CMV in bronchoalveolar lavage performed during fiberoptic bronchoscopy for ventilator-associated pneumonia suspicion.
Article Synopsis
- Large-scale screening for SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for controlling outbreaks, but new variants like Delta and Omicron may affect the reliability of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs).
- A study compared clinical and virological data from Delta and Omicron infections and found that the sensitivity of RDTs was significantly lower for Omicron (53.8%) compared to Delta (74.7%).
- The research revealed that higher viral loads (VL) were present in Delta cases, which correlated with better test performance, suggesting that RDT sensitivity varies based on the variant, and repeated testing may be necessary if Omicron is suspected.
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), the most oncogenic virus known to humans, are often associated with Herpes Simplex Virus-2 (HSV-2) infections. The involvement of the latter in cervical cancer is controversial but its long-term infections might modulate the mucosal microenvironment in a way that favors carcinogenesis. We know little about coinfections between HSV-2 and HPVs, and studying the immunological and microbiological dynamics in the early stages of these infections may help identify or rule out potential interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- HSV-2 is a common DNA virus with two main lineages: one in West and Central Africa and another present globally.
- Competing theories exist about its migration out of Africa, either following early human migrations 50-100,000 years ago or spreading through the trans-Atlantic slave trade 150-500 years ago.
- Analysis of newly sequenced HSV-2 genomes indicates that the virus likely originated in East Africa and spread globally about 22-29,000 years ago, coinciding with human migrations after the Last Glacial Maximum.
Novel mutations in antiviral multiresistant HSV-2 genital lesion: A case report.
J Med Virol
December 2022
HSV-2 antiviral resistance mainly occurs in immunocompromised patients and especially in HIV-positive individuals receiving long-term antiviral treatment. Those situations can be challenging as few alternatives are available for HSV infection management. To describe clinical and virological significance of two novel potential HSV-2 resistance mutations after treating an obese patient with a pseudotumoral genital HSV-related lesion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhenotypic Heterogeneity of Fulminant COVID-19--Related Myocarditis in Adults.
J Am Coll Cardiol
July 2022
Article Synopsis
- - The study examines adults suffering from fulminant myocarditis related to COVID-19, identifying two distinct groups: those meeting multisystem inflammatory syndrome criteria (MIS-A) and those who do not.
- - Out of 38 patients analyzed, 66% met the MIS-A criteria, with significant differences in clinical outcomes; those with MIS-A exhibited higher in-hospital mortality (31% vs. 4%) and more severe organ failure.
- - Biological markers also varied between the groups, suggesting differing underlying inflammatory processes, which could impact treatment approaches in future cases of COVID-19-related myocarditis.
Article Synopsis
- Breakthrough cases of severe COVID-19 in vaccinated individuals may be linked to weak or inadequate antibody responses, particularly among those already at risk.
- A study of 48 vaccinated individuals with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia found that about 24% had auto-antibodies (auto-Abs) that neutralized type I interferons, which are essential for the immune response.
- The presence of these auto-Abs suggests that even with normal antibody responses to the vaccine, some individuals can still suffer severe effects from COVID-19, indicating a need for more targeted strategies for vulnerable populations.