Combined single-stage approach for repair of extensive aortic pathologies - our initial experience.

Management of aortic pathologies affecting the arch and proximal descending thoracic aorta, with complex anatomical features, remains a formidable clinical challenge. We report our surgical experience using a single-stage combined approach for such repairs using a simultaneous anterolateral thoracotomy and midline sternotomy and its benefits. This is a retrospective, single-centre experience of 17 patients from January 2021 to September 2023.

Stereotactic radiosurgery treatment of pediatric arteriovenous malformations: a PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is considered a safe definitive treatment for pediatric arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) upon indicated presentations. There are no published guidelines by the International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society (ISRS) detailed with indications or characteristics that warrant SRS, other than the guideline that SRS is a safe and efficacious treatment for pediatric AVMs. SRS is performed using either Gamma Knife (GK) or Linear Accelerator (LINAC).

Emerging horizons of AI in pharmaceutical research.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized drug discovery by enhancing data collection, integration, and predictive modeling across various critical stages. It aggregates vast biological and chemical data, including genomic information, protein structures, and chemical interactions with biological targets. Machine learning techniques and QSAR models are applied by AI to predict compound behaviors and predict potential drug candidates.

Novel Benzothiadiazole-based Donor-Acceptor Systems: Synthesis, Ultrafast Charge Transfer and Separation Dynamics.

Near-infrared (NIR) absorbing electron donor-acceptor (D-A) chromophores have been at the forefront of current energy research owing to their facile charge transfer (CT) characteristics, which are primitive for photovoltaic applications. Herein, we have designed and developed a new set of benzothiadiazole (BTD)-based tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD)/dicyanoquinodimethane (DCNQ)-embedded multimodular D-A systems (BTD1-BTD6) and investigated their inherent photo-electro-chemical responses for the first time having identical and mixed terminal donors of variable donicity. Apart from poor luminescence, the appearance of broad low-lying optical transitions extendable even in the NIR region (>1000 nm), particularly in the presence of the auxiliary acceptors, are indicative of underlying nonradiative excited state processes leading to robust intramolecular CT and subsequent charge separation (CS) processes in these D-A constructs.

Pediatric non-galenic pial arteriovenous fistula's characteristics and outcomes: a systematic review.

Introduction: Pediatric non-galenic pial arteriovenous fistulas (pAVFs) are rare vascular malformations that are characterized by a pial arterial-venous connection without an intervening capillary bed. Outcomes and treatment strategies for pAVFs are highly individualized, owing to the rarity of the disease and lack of large-scale data guiding optimal treatment approaches.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of pediatric patients (< 18 years at diagnosis) diagnosed with a pAVF by digital subtraction angiogram (DSA).

Near-IR Capturing N-Methylbenzene Sulfonamide-Phenothiazine Incorporating Strong Electron Acceptor Push-Pull Systems: Photochemical Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics.

Unraveling the intriguing aspects of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) phenomenon of multi-modular donor-acceptor-based push-pull systems are of paramount importance considering their promising applications, particularly in solar energy harvesting and light-emitting devices. Herein, a series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical donor-acceptor chromophores 1-6, are designed and synthesized by the Corey-Fuchs reaction via Evano's condition followed by [2+2] cycloaddition retroelectrocyclic ring-opening reaction with strong electron acceptors TCNE and TCNQ in good yields (~60-85 %). The photophysical, electrochemical, and computational studies are investigated to explore the effect of incorporation of strong electron acceptors 1,1,4,4-tetracyanobuta-1,3-diene (TCBD) and dicyanoquinodimethane (DCNQ) with phenothiazine (PTZ) donor.

Complex management of pulmonary embolism in APLA syndrome: a case study of ECMO and bivalirudin utilization.

We report a case of a 22-year-old female with antiphospholipid antibody (APLA) syndrome who presented with severe dyspnea. Diagnostic imaging confirmed pulmonary embolism (PE), and treatment comprised unfractionated heparin and apixaban. APLA syndrome was diagnosed based on clinical, serological, and radiological findings.

Neurosurgery Applicant Perspective of Neurosurgery Residency Websites.

Objective: Applicants rely heavily on virtual information in the form of neurosurgery residency websites (NRWs) to better understand a program's culture, faculty, and opportunities. There is a paucity of information regarding the value of NRW on applicant decision making. The advent of the supplemental ERAS application and continuation of virtual interviews may increase the propensity of which applicants use NRW.

Spine Deformity Associated with Chiari I Malformation and Syringomyelia.

The management of scoliosis in patients with Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia is a complex decision-making process, which is changing due to evolving evidence. Headache and scoliosis are common presenting symptoms of an underlying Chiari. History, physical examination, and screening with MRI are cornerstones of diagnosis.

Macromolecular Crowding Significantly Affects the Conformational Features and Carbohydrate Binding Properties of CIA17, a PP2-Type Lectin from .

The effect of macromolecular crowding on the conformational features and carbohydrate binding properties of CIA17, a PP2-type lectin, was investigated employing polymeric dextrans D6, D40, and D70 ( ∼ 6, 40, and 70 kDa, respectively) as crowders. While the secondary structure of CIA17 was significantly affected by D6, with a considerable decrease in the number of β-sheets and β-turns with a corresponding increase in the number of unordered structures, relatively smaller changes were induced by D40 and D70. However, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies revealed that the thermal stability of the protein remains unchanged in the presence of crowders.

On direct synthesis of high quality APbX (A = Cs, MA and FA; X = Cl, Br and I) nanocrystals following a generic approach.

Direct synthesis of APbX [A = Cs, methylammonium (MA) or formamidinium (FA) and X = Cl, Br or I] perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) following a generic approach is a challenging task even today. Motivated by our recent success in obtaining directly high-quality red/NIR-emitting APbI NCs employing 1,3-diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DIDMH) as an iodide precursor, we explore here whether violet/green-emitting APbCl and APbBr NCs can also be obtained using the chloro- and bromo-analog of DIDMH keeping in mind that a positive outcome will provide the generic protocol for direct synthesis of all APbX NCs using similar halide precursors. It is shown that green-emitting APbBr NCs with near-unity PLQY and violet-emitting CsPbCl NCs with an impressive PLQY of ∼70%, mixed-halide NCs, CsPb(Cl/Br) and CsPb(Br/I), emitting in the blue and yellow-orange region with PLQYs of 87-95% and 68-98%, respectively can indeed be obtained employing the bromo- and chloro-analog of DIDMH.

New autopsy technique in COVID-19 positive dead bodies: opening the thoracic cavity with an outlook to reduce aerosol spread.

Aims: After the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, most countries have modified some of their health-related regulations. However, this has not been in the case of the postmortem of deceased because it has a legal aspect. Thus, the healthcare providers knowingly or unknowingly faced the threat of COVID-19 exposure from those dead bodies.

Management of Cerebral Herniation Secondary to Lead Encephalopathy: A Case Report.

Background: Adult lead encephalopathy is a rare but critical condition to recognize in modern healthcare settings. Few reports have described the medical and neurosurgical management of severe adult lead encephalopathy.

Case Presentation: A 22 year old woman presented with severe headache, anemia, vomiting, 40-lb weight loss, and constipation.

Low-pH Molten Globule-Like Form of CIA17, a Chitooligosaccharide-Specific Lectin from the Phloem Exudate of , Retains Carbohydrate-Binding Ability.

pH-induced changes in the conformation, structural dynamics, and carbohydrate-binding activity of agglutinin (CIA17), a PP2-type lectin, were investigated employing biophysical approaches. The secondary structure of CIA17 remains nearly unaltered over a wide pH range (2.0-8.

Could It be Wolf Isotopic Response?: Occurrence of Dermatophytoses on Vitiliginous Skin-Case Series of Five Cases from a Tertiary Care Centre in India.

Wolf isotopic response is the occurrence of new dermatoses on areas of the skin with previous but still active dermatoses. Vitiligo is an acquired disorder characterized by the loss of functional melanocytes which manifests as circumscribed depigmented macules and patches. Dermatophytoses are superficial fungal infections caused by three genera of fungi (, , and ) that have the unique ability to invade and multiply within keratinized tissue (skin, hair, and nail).

Disseminated violaceous plaques in a HIV-1-positive patient from eastern India: A manifestation of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disorder primarily of viral etiology, though multiple cofactors are also responsible. Human herpes virus-8, a gamma herpes virus, is considered to be the causative agent. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated KS has different clinical pictures than those seen in other types of KS.

Validation and comparison of analytical methods for the determination of uric acid in pulses and cereals by salting out assisted extraction by Rapid resolution liquid chromatography.

An analytical method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of uric acid in cereals and pulses based on salting-out assisted extraction and subsequent analysis by Rapid Resolution Liquid Chromatography (RRLC). Uric acid is a degradation product of purines, which is an indicator of insect infestation and the state of stored grains and pulses. This study aims to compare and validate a high-performance liquid chromatography method with Diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) for the estimation of uric acid.

Moxifloxacin-induced oral erythema multiforme: An unusual adverse effect hitherto unreported.

Moxifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone with excellent activity in community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Common adverse effects are gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, dizziness, etc., Some serious adverse effects include tendon rupture, rhabdomyolysis, peripheral neuropathy, and interstitial nephritis.

Lessons Learned After 760 Neurointerventions via the Upper Extremity Vasculature: Pearls and Pitfalls.

Background: The radial approach has been gaining more widespread use by neurointerventionalists fueled by data from the cardiology literature showing better safety and overall reduced morbidity.

Objective: To present our institution's experience with the radial approach for neuroendovascular interventions in 614 consecutive patients who underwent a cumulative of 760 procedures.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed and identified neuroendovascular procedures performed via the upper extremity vasculature access site.

Phenylalanine-Tethered pH-Responsive Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate).

A series of pH-responsive random copolymers comprised of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and tert-butyl carbamate (Boc)-protected phenylalanine methacryloyloxyethyl ester (Boc-Phe-EMA) were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) at 70 °C. The synthesized copolymers were comprehensively characterized using a combination of techniques, including H NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Reactivity of each monomers towards controlled radical polymerization was evaluated by determining the reactivity ratios by virtue of extended Kelen-Tüdös method at high conversions revealed the higher reactivity of non-modified HEMA (r =1.

Capturing Initial Understanding and Impressions of Surgical Therapy for Parkinson's Disease.

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an underutilized surgical therapy for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Both physician and patient hesitancies have been described as potential barriers to DBS, but the specifics of patient perceptions of DBS have not been well-characterized in the general PD population. To characterize the understanding and impressions of surgical therapy in PD patients prior to formal surgical evaluation.