Clinical Implications and Patient Outcomes Associated with otic Resistance in Saudi Arabian Intensive Care Unit Facilities: A Perspective.

Introduction: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are particularly susceptible to AMR due to frequent invasive procedures, extended hospital stays, and the selective pressure exerted by broad-spectrum antibiotics. This review aims to shed light on the current landscape of antibiotic resistance within ICUs of Saudi hospitals.

Dual role of CXCL10 in cancer progression: implications for immunotherapy and targeted treatment‎.

CXCL10 is a chemokine crucial for immune cell recruitment and inflammation modulation, especially ‎within the tumor microenvironment.‎ This review critically analyzes the underexplored role of CXCL10 in modulating ‎JAK/STAT, MAPK/ERK, and PI3K/Akt pathways across different tumor types, highlighting ‎inconsistencies in current research and proposing novel therapeutic strategies based on ‎research ‎from databases such as PubMed and Scopus. Future targeted therapies could ‎include personalized ‎approaches that either enhance the immunostimulatory functions of CXCL10‎ or inhibit its tumor promoting effects.

Mapping breast cancer research on monoclonal antibodies: a data-driven approach using VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and CiteSpace.

Monoclonal Antibodies and Breast Cancer Research (MABCR) has progressed substantially, particularly in the areas of HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer. However, a comprehensive synthesis of global trends, influential contributors, and emerging research areas remains lacking. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of MABCR, highlighting major research trajectories, key publications, and evolving themes.

Integrated Analysis of Commercial Coffee Samples from Saudi Arabia: Evaluation of Elemental Composition, Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Activity, and Statistical Profiling.

This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, elemental content, and chemometric classification of 21 coffee samples sourced from various retail outlets in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The samples represent a range of geographical origins and roasting levels. Each sample was ground independently and freshly prepared prior to the analysis.

Advances in Materials Science for Precision Melanoma Therapy: Nanotechnology-Enhanced Drug Delivery Systems.

Melanoma, a highly aggressive form of skin cancer, poses a major therapeutic challenge due to its metastatic potential, resistance to conventional therapies, and the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Materials science and nanotechnology advances have led to using nanocarriers such as liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, and metallic nanoparticles as transformative solutions for precision melanoma therapy. This review summarizes findings from Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar and highlights the role of nanotechnology in overcoming melanoma treatment barriers.

Computational Insights into the Binding Potential of Natural Products Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-1 to Combat Antibiotic Resistance.

Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-1 is a key factor contributing to bacterial resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The infections caused by the bacterium are associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in immunocompromised patients that involve pathological conditions leading to hospitalization. Its capability to evade a wide range of antibiotics commonly used against the bacterium has been one of the strong survival features of the bacterium.

Effect of cubebin against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy rats via inhibition TNF-α/NF-κB/TGF-β: in vivo and in silico study.

Cubebin, a dibenzyl butyrolactone lignan belonging to several distinct families, including Aristolochiaceae, Myristicaceae, Piperaceae, and Rutaceae, and possesses several pharmacological activities, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasodilatory. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of cubebin on streptozotocin (STZ)-evoked diabetic nephropathy (DN). DN is a well-identified complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) characterized by renal hypertrophy that progressively declines kidney function.

Advancing Pain Understanding and Drug Discovery: Insights from Preclinical Models and Recent Research Findings.

Despite major advancements in our understanding of its fundamental causes, pain-both acute and chronic-remains a serious health concern. Various preclinical investigations utilizing diverse animal, cellular, and alternative models are required and frequently demanded by regulatory approval bodies to bridge the gap between the lab and the clinic. Investigating naturally occurring painful disorders can speed up medication development at the preclinical and clinical levels by illuminating molecular pathways.

Nano-enhanced immunity: A bibliometric analysis of nanoparticles in vaccine adjuvant research.

This study analyzed the growth, collaboration, citation trends, and emerging topics in nanoparticle-based vaccine and adjuvant research (NVAR) from 1977 to 2023, using data from the Scopus database. The field showed a steady growth rate of 7.53% per year.

A Review on Asthma and Allergy: Current Understanding on Molecular Perspectives.

Asthma, a complex disease characterized by persistent airway inflammation, remains an urgent global health concern. We explored the critical role of allergic biomarkers and dysregulated immune system in asthma through an extensive literature review in databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar. This review summarizes the growing data on the pivotal role of allergic biomarkers and dysregulated immune system in the development and evolution of asthma.

Cetuximab-conjugated sodium selenite nanoparticles for doxorubicin targeted delivery against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

To develop and characterize doxorubicin-loaded sodium selenite nanoparticles (SSNP-DOX) and their surface attachment with cetuximab (mAb-SSNP-DOX). SSNP-DOX was formulated by gelation and then conjugated with cetuximab to form mAb-SSNP-DOX. Characterization included DLS, SEM, TEM, DSC, Raman spectroscopy and XRD.

Curcumin nanogel and its efficacy against oxidative stress and inflammation in rat models of ischemic stroke.

The study was designed to develop and analyze curcumin nanoparticles. Curcumin nanoparticles were formulated and evaluated. Their efficacy in protecting against brain damage was investigated in a rat model of ischemic stroke, considering motor function, muscle strength and antioxidant enzyme activity.

Advancements in Vaccine Adjuvants: The Journey from Alum to Nano Formulations.

Vaccination is a groundbreaking approach in preventing and controlling infectious diseases. However, the effectiveness of vaccines can be greatly enhanced by the inclusion of adjuvants, which are substances that potentiate and modulate the immune response. This review is based on extensive searches in reputable databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar.

Design and characterization of Lactotransferrin peptide-loaded dextran-docosahexaenoic acid nanoparticles: an immune modulator for hepatic damage.

The primary objective of this research was to create injectable delivery formulations using Lactotransferrin (LTF) peptide-loaded dextran nanoparticles coated with docosahexaenoic acid. These nanoparticles, designated as LLDDNP, underwent a lyophilization process. The study encompassed a comprehensive investigation, including physicochemical characterization, in vivo assessment of biomarkers, and an examination of immune response through cytokine modulation.

Broccoli: A Multi-Faceted Vegetable for Health: An In-Depth Review of Its Nutritional Attributes, Antimicrobial Abilities, and Anti-inflammatory Properties.

Broccoli, var. italica, has recently gained considerable attention due to its remarkable nutritional composition and numerous health benefits. In this review, the nutritional aspects of broccoli are examined, highlighting its rich nutrient content and essential bioactive compounds.

Design, physicochemical characterisation, and cytotoxicity of cisplatin-loaded PEGylated chitosan injectable nano / sub-micron crystals.

The study aimed to develop cisplatin-loaded PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles. The optimal batch of cisplatin-loaded PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles had a + 49.9 mV zeta potential, PDI of 0.

Formulation and Evaluation of Amikacin Sulfate Loaded Dextran Nanoparticles against Human Pathogenic Bacteria.

Amikacin sulfate-loaded dextran sulfate sodium nanoparticles were formulated, lyophilized (LADNP), and then analyzed. The LADNP had a -20.9 ± 8.

Induction of Innate and Adaptive Immune Response against Recombinant HBsAg Protein Entrapped in Docosahexaenoic Acid Nanovesicles through Biomarkers.

The present study focused on demonstrating the induction of humoral and cell-mediated immunity through the establishment of a cytokine network. We hypothesized the anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, and IgE antibody levels after vaccination with lyophilized recombinant HBsAg-loaded docosahexaenoic acid nanovesicles (LRPDNV), and the efficacy compared well with standard commercial recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. The cytokine network was efficiently regulated by striking a balance between pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8R, and IL-12 and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ immune response on the 14 and 30 day after primary and booster immunization.

Therapeutic Potential of Capsaicin against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Liver Damage.

Cyclophosphamide (CPM) is a classical alkylating agent used in different cancer chemotherapy regimens and is restricted due to severe adverse effects, including hepatotoxicity. Natural or plant-derived antioxidants such as capsaicin were utilized in this study to examine the hepatoprotective benefits against cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity. The rats were divided into five groups: a normal control group, a toxic group (CPM), an intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 200 mg/kg b.

Molecular targets for cystic fibrosis and therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease that affects the exocrine glands and is caused by cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) mutations. Lung disease is the leading cause of morbidity in patients. Target-specific treatment of CF has been achieved using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).

Zingerone Attenuates Carfilzomib-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats through Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokine Network.

Carfilzomib (CFZ) is an anticancer medication acting as a selective proteasome inhibitor. However, it can cause cardiovascular problems, increasing mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to investigate whether zingerone (ZRN) could help reduce carfilzomib-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar albino rats.

Spectral Analysis and Antiulcer Potential of through the Amelioration of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Apoptosis Markers.

The objective of this study was to characterize the bioactive ingredients and antiulcer effects of Lactuca sativa leaves. Several bioactive chemicals were found in the cold methanolic extract of Lactuca sativa leaves after gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) research: 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, cyclononasiloxane, octadecamethyl-, n-hexadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl, octadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, 9-octadecenamide, (Z)-, hexadecanoic acid, stigmasterol, benzothiazole, ethyl iso-allocholate, and octacosane. Distinct fingerprint regions in GCMS indicated the existence of bioactive compounds.

The Protective Effects of Sesamin against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity through Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory-Cytokines and Apoptosis in Rats.

Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer drug with a wide spectrum of clinical uses, but its typical side effects are multiple complications, including nephron toxicity. The possible molecular mechanism of the nephroprotective action of sesamin (SM) against cyclophosphamide (CP) induced renal toxicity was investigated in rats by understanding oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. In this study, rats were arbitrarily grouped into the following four groups: a normal control group (CNT); a CP-induced toxicity group; a treatment group with two doses of sesamin SM10 and SM20; a group with sesamin (SM20) alone.

Design, Characterization, and Immune Augmentation of Docosahexaenoic Acid Nanovesicles as a Potential Delivery System for Recombinant HBsAg Protein.

Recombinant HBsAg-loaded docosahexaenoic acid nanovesicles were successfully developed, lyophilized (LRPDNV) and characterized for their physico-chemical properties. The zetapotential (ZP) of LRPDNV was -60.4 ± 10.