Deciphering the diversity, structure, and function of cycle-inhibiting factor in neuroinfection.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity, structural variation, and functional role of the cycle inhibiting factor (Cif) in , with a particular focus on its involvement in neuronal infections.MethodsWe analyzed the gene () from 1294 clinical isolates of using phylogenetic analysis and structural modeling to identify Cif variant types. Functional characterization of selected variants was performed using plaque formation assays in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.

CRISPR/Cas9-targeted smpB mutation revealing roles in biofilm formation, motility, and antibiotic susceptibility in Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is a multidrug-resistant pathogen and a major cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Its ability to survive in harsh environments and evade antibiotic treatments underscores the urgent need for new therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence suggests that the small protein B (SmpB) may also play broader roles in bacterial virulence, including regulation of biofilm formation, motility, and stress adaptation.

Impact of AbaI mutation on virulence, biofilm development, and antibiotic susceptibility in Acinetobacter baumannii.

The quorum sensing (QS) system mediated by the abaI gene in Acinetobacter baumannii is crucial for various physiological and pathogenic processes. In this study, we constructed a stable markerless abaI knockout mutant (ΔabaI) strain using a pEXKm5-based allele replacement method to investigate the impact of abaI on A. baumannii.

Investigation of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial resistance genes in and coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from rabbit.

Background And Aim: Staphylococci, which inhabit skin and mucous membranes in humans and animals, are opportunistic pathogens. Coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the two main groups. Clinical abscesses in rabbits often harbor and CoNS.

Unveiling the Antimicrobial, Anti-Biofilm, and Anti-Quorum-Sensing Potential of Linn. Leaf Extract against : An Integrated In Vitro-In Silico Investigation.

Antimicrobial resistance poses a global health threat, with emerging as a notorious pathogen capable of forming stubborn biofilms and regulating virulence through quorum sensing (QS). In the quest for novel therapeutic strategies, this groundbreaking study unveils the therapeutic potential of Linn., an Asian medicinal plant containing various bioactive compounds, contributing to its antimicrobial activities, in the battle against .

Investigation of the marine bacterial community along the coastline of the Gulf of Thailand.

The Gulf of Thailand provides many services to the Thai population, and human activities may influence the diversity of microorganisms in the seawater. Information of the microorganisms' profile which inhabit the coastline can be used to monitor the water quality. This study aimed to investigate the bacterial community in the waters along the coastline provinces, including Rayong, Chonburi, Prachuap Kiri Khan, and Nakhon Sri Thammarat.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Investigation of Carbapenem-Resistant in Maharaj Nakhon Si Thammarat Hospital, Thailand.

(1) Background: is well known as a causative agent of severe hospital-acquired infections, especially in intensive care units. The present study characterised the genetic traits of biofilm-forming carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) clinical isolates. Additionally, this study determined the prevalence of biofilm-producing isolates from a tertiary care hospital and investigated the association of biofilms with the distribution of biofilm-related and antibiotic resistance-associated genotypes.

Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial resistance genes in methicillin-resistant isolated from healthy rabbits.

Background And Aim: Methicillin-resistant globally, (MRSA) is a major cause of disease in both humans and animals. Several studies have documented the presence of MRSA in healthy and infected animals. However, there is less information on MRSA occurrence in exotic pets, especially healthy rabbits.

Quorum Sensing in ESKAPE Bugs: A Target for Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Bacterial Virulence.

A clique of , , , , , and spp. (ESKAPE) bugs is the utmost causative agent responsible for multidrug resistance in hospital settings. These microorganisms employ a type of cell-cell communication termed 'quorum sensing (QS) system' to mediate population density and synchronously control the genes that modulate drug resistance and pathogenic behaviors.

High prevalence and genetic diversity of a single ancestral origin azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in indoor environments at Walailak University, Southern Thailand.

This study explored the prevalence, genetic diversity, and population structure of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (ARAf) at Walailak University in Southern Thailand. Three hundred samples were collected from dwellings and workplaces, screened for azole resistance, and tested for drug susceptibility. Molecular detection of alterations in the cyp51A gene and CSP1 typing was performed.

Occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and biofilm formation capacity of spp. and spp. isolated from raw seafood marketed in Bangkok, Thailand.

Background And Aim: Bacteria of the genera and cause seafood-borne zoonoses, which may have a significant impact on food safety, economy, and public health worldwide. The presence of drug-resistant and biofilm-forming phenotypes in the food chain increases the risk for consumers. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics, virulence, biofilm production, and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens isolated from seafood markets in Bangkok, Thailand.

Development of a Rapid Reverse Transcription-Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Couple Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Method for Detecting Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection is an important acute diarrheal disease of swine that results in economic and industrial losses worldwide. The clinical manifestations in infected piglets are severe diarrhea, dehydration with milk curd indigestion, leading to death. The diagnosis of PEDV is essential for monitoring and managing the disease.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Non-Typhoidal from Retail Foods Marketed in Bangkok, Thailand.

Nontyphoidal- bacteria cause foodborne gastroenteritis that may lead to fatal bacteremia, osteomyelitis, and meningitis if not treated properly. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains is a global public health threat. Regular monitoring of genotypes and phenotypes of isolated from humans, animals, foods, and environments is mandatory for effective reduction and control of this food-borne pathogen.

Antibiotic Resistance Genes Among Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) Isolates of Prapokklao Hospital, Chanthaburi Province, Thailand.

Background: The global spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) inflicts a severe threat to human health. The CRE infections have resulted in an increased mortality rate in hospitals and other health-care settings worldwide. In this study, the antibiotic-resistance pattern and prevalence of carbapenemase-encoding genes among CRE isolated from patients of one hospital in Thailand were investigated.

Human Single-Chain Antibodies That Neutralize Elastolytic Activity of LasB.

LasB (elastase/pseudolysin) is an injurious zinc-metalloprotease secreted by the infecting . LasB is recognized as the bacterial key virulence factor for establishment of successful infection, acquisition of nutrients, dissemination, tissue invasion, and immune modulation and evasion. LasB digests a variety of the host tissue proteins, extracellular matrices, as well as components of both innate and adaptive immune systems, including immunoglobulins, complement proteins, and cytokines.

Human Single-chain Variable Fragments Neutralize Quorum Sensing Molecule, 3O-C12-HSL, and Prevent Cells From the HSL-mediated Apoptosis.

The quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecule, -(3-oxododecanoyl)--homoserine lactone (3O-C12-HSL), contributes to the pathogenesis of by regulating expression of the bacterial virulence factors that cause intense inflammation and toxicity in the infected host. As such, the QS molecule is an attractive therapeutic target for direct-acting inhibitors. Several substances, both synthetic and naturally derived products, have shown effectiveness against detrimental 3O-C12-HSL activity.

Human single-chain antibodies that neutralize Pseudomonas aeruginosa-exotoxin A-mediated cellular apoptosis.

Targeting bacterial virulence factors directly provides a new paradigm for the intervention and treatment of bacterial diseases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces a myriad of virulence factors to cause fatal diseases in humans. In this study, human single-chain antibodies (HuscFvs) that bound to P.

Screening method for identification in subclinical bovine mastitis from dairy farms.

Background: is one of the most important contagious bacteria causing subclinical bovine mastitis. This bacterial infection is commonly identified by determine the pathogen in bovine milk samples through conventional technique including coagulase test. However, this test has several disadvantages as low sensitivity, risk of biohazard, cost expensive, and limited preparation especially in local area.

Detection and drug resistance profile of from subclinical mastitis cows and water supply in dairy farms in Saraburi Province, Thailand.

Subclinical mastitis is a persistent problem in dairy farms worldwide. Environmental is the bacterium predominantly responsible for this condition. In Thailand, subclinical mastitis in dairy cows is usually treated with various antibiotics, which could lead to antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance in ESKAPE Pathogens.

The ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) are the leading cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world. Most of them are multidrug resistant isolates, which is one of the greatest challenges in clinical practice. Multidrug resistance is amongst the top three threats to global public health and is usually caused by excessive drug usage or prescription, inappropriate use of antimicrobials, and substandard pharmaceuticals.